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--> 00:07.961\n大家好，\n\n00:07.961 --> 00:12.661\n我是上海市普陀区中心医院急诊内科的主治医生，\n\n00:12.661 --> 00:13.737\n我叫邵周俊。\n\n00:14.986 --> 00:21.635\n今天我和大家分享一下肺部真菌病基础认知与症状表现。\n\n00:24.660 --> 00:24.910\n首先，\n\n00:24.910 --> 00:28.010\n我们来了解一下肺部真菌病的定义。\n\n00:30.184 --> 00:34.884\n肺部真菌病是指由真菌引起的肺部感染性疾病。\n\n00:36.805 --> 00:37.805\n在医学领域，\n\n00:37.904 --> 00:40.205\n当真菌侵入人体肺部，\n\n00:40.404 --> 00:43.455\n并在肺部组织中生长繁殖，\n\n00:43.755 --> 00:45.305\n引发炎症反应。\n\n00:45.455 --> 00:48.205\n对肺部的正常结构和功能。\n\n00:49.047 --> 00:50.196\n造成破坏时，\n\n00:50.347 --> 00:52.797\n就被定义为肺部的真菌病。\n\n00:53.769 --> 00:54.069\n例如，\n\n00:54.069 --> 00:55.668\n在临床诊断中，\n\n00:55.868 --> 01:00.319\n若通过痰液培养等检查发现特定真菌，\n\n01:00.469 --> 01:04.168\n同时患者伴有发热、咳嗽、咳痰等。\n\n01:05.820 --> 01:07.221\n肺部感染症状，\n\n01:07.371 --> 01:10.771\n结合影像学显示肺部有异常病变，\n\n01:11.070 --> 01:15.871\n即可依据相关诊断标准确诊为肺部真菌病。\n\n01:18.505 --> 01:20.055\n肺部真菌病的定义。\n\n01:22.592 --> 01:25.141\n与其他肺部疾病的区别鉴定，\n\n01:25.541 --> 01:35.092\n肺部真菌病与常见的细菌性肺炎、病毒性肺炎等在病症状和治疗方法上都有明显的区别。\n\n01:35.828 --> 01:38.527\n细菌性肺炎多由细菌感染引起，\n\n01:38.527 --> 01:39.678\n起病较急，\n\n01:39.977 --> 01:42.977\n高热、咳脓痰等症状较为突出，\n\n01:43.277 --> 01:46.227\n病毒性肺炎则由病毒入侵导致，\n\n01:46.428 --> 01:48.428\n症状可能相对较轻，\n\n01:48.527 --> 01:50.578\n以干咳、乏力等为主。\n\n01:50.727 --> 01:52.777\n而肺部真菌病的症状。\n\n01:53.723 --> 01:54.549\n相对不典型，\n\n01:54.549 --> 01:55.973\n病程可能较长。\n\n01:56.124 --> 01:58.374\n治疗上使用抗真菌药物，\n\n01:58.473 --> 02:01.473\n而非针对细菌或病毒的药物。\n\n02:02.295 --> 02:02.570\n比如，\n\n02:02.570 --> 02:04.121\n在实际临床中，\n\n02:04.121 --> 02:07.596\n曾有患者起初按细菌性肺炎治疗，\n\n02:07.596 --> 02:08.445\n效果不佳，\n\n02:08.845 --> 02:10.445\n后经进一步检查，\n\n02:10.445 --> 02:12.246\n确诊为肺部真菌病，\n\n02:12.496 --> 02:14.070\n调整治疗方案后，\n\n02:14.070 --> 02:15.796\n病情才得到改善。\n\n02:18.779 --> 02:20.679\n肺部真菌的常见种类。\n\n02:22.572 --> 02:27.371\n念珠菌属念珠菌是肺部真菌中较为常见的一类，\n\n02:27.522 --> 02:30.072\n其中白色念珠菌最为多见，\n\n02:30.171 --> 02:34.421\n它广泛存在于自然界以及人体的口腔，\n\n02:34.671 --> 02:35.496\n胃肠道，\n\n02:35.496 --> 02:36.572\n阴道等部位。\n\n02:37.485 --> 02:39.235\n当人体免疫力下降时，\n\n02:39.434 --> 02:43.434\n如长期使用广谱抗菌素、糖皮质激素，\n\n02:43.434 --> 02:46.535\n或者患有艾滋病等免疫缺陷疾病时，\n\n02:46.785 --> 02:51.884\n白色念珠菌就可能大量繁殖并侵入肺部引发感染，\n\n02:52.134 --> 02:52.860\n据统计，\n\n02:52.860 --> 02:55.235\n在医院获得性肺部感染中，\n\n02:55.335 --> 02:59.384\n念珠菌感染约占10%.20%。\n\n02:59.585 --> 03:02.035\n例如有一位长期住院且。\n\n03:02.740 --> 03:05.389\n接受多种抗菌素治疗的老年患者，\n\n03:05.589 --> 03:08.639\n后期出现发热、咳嗽加重等症状，\n\n03:08.839 --> 03:12.839\n经检查发现是白色念珠菌引起的肺部感染。\n\n03:15.761 --> 03:17.861\n肺部真菌的常见种类有。\n\n03:18.802 --> 03:23.302\n曲霉曲霉属曲霉属真菌在环境中分布广泛，\n\n03:23.302 --> 03:25.151\n常见的有烟曲霉，\n\n03:25.251 --> 03:26.302\n黄曲霉等。\n\n03:26.602 --> 03:28.251\n曲霉容易在潮湿，\n\n03:28.451 --> 03:30.602\n通风不良的环境中生长，\n\n03:30.802 --> 03:32.251\n如发霉的谷物，\n\n03:32.501 --> 03:33.302\n土壤等。\n\n03:33.552 --> 03:36.151\n当人们吸入含有曲霉菌。\n\n03:36.889 --> 03:38.214\n孢子的空气后，\n\n03:38.214 --> 03:39.539\n在一定条件下，\n\n03:39.740 --> 03:42.190\n孢子可在肺部发芽生长，\n\n03:42.389 --> 03:44.190\n导致肺部曲霉病。\n\n03:44.389 --> 03:46.240\n在一些从事农业。\n\n03:47.138 --> 03:48.537\n园艺工作的人群中，\n\n03:48.537 --> 03:52.087\n由于接触曲霉孢子机会较多，\n\n03:52.087 --> 03:53.888\n发病风险相对较高。\n\n03:54.238 --> 03:55.412\n有研究表明，\n\n03:55.412 --> 03:57.688\n在某些特定职业环境中，\n\n03:57.837 --> 04:01.587\n曲霉感染的发病率可达到5%.10%。\n\n04:03.815 --> 04:07.216\n肺部真菌的常见种类还有隐球菌属，\n\n04:07.516 --> 04:10.791\n隐球菌主要存在于土壤和各缝中，\n\n04:10.791 --> 04:15.115\n新型隐球菌是引起肺部隐球菌病的主要病原菌，\n\n04:15.315 --> 04:18.165\n它可通过呼吸道进入人体肺部，\n\n04:18.466 --> 04:22.591\n大多数情况下人体免疫系统能够控制感染。\n\n04:22.591 --> 04:23.415\n但对于。\n\n04:24.061 --> 04:25.760\n免疫功能低下的人群，\n\n04:25.760 --> 04:30.210\n如器官移植受者、长期使用免疫制剂的患者等，\n\n04:30.411 --> 04:33.061\n隐球菌可能在肺部大量繁殖，\n\n04:33.210 --> 04:35.061\n进而扩散至全身。\n\n04:35.210 --> 04:36.710\n在艾滋病患者中，\n\n04:36.811 --> 04:40.210\n隐球菌感染是常见的机会性感染之一，\n\n04:40.360 --> 04:45.760\n约有10%.20%的艾滋病患者会并发肺部隐球菌病。\n\n04:47.992 --> 04:49.842\n肺部真菌病的发病机制。\n\n04:50.769 --> 04:52.118\n真菌的入侵途径，\n\n04:52.569 --> 04:56.669\n真菌主要通过呼吸道吸入的方式进入肺部。\n\n04:57.540 --> 04:58.839\n在日常生活中，\n\n04:59.140 --> 05:02.440\n空气中存在着大量的真菌孢子。\n\n05:03.187 --> 05:04.486\n当人们呼吸时，\n\n05:04.587 --> 05:07.687\n这些孢子可随空气进入呼吸道。\n\n05:08.519 --> 05:08.869\n例如，\n\n05:09.070 --> 05:13.320\n在建筑工地、农业生产等环境中，\n\n05:13.570 --> 05:16.869\n空气中的真菌孢子浓度相对较高，\n\n05:17.320 --> 05:20.269\n人们在此环境中长时间活动，\n\n05:20.470 --> 05:22.869\n吸入孢子的几率就会增加。\n\n05:23.170 --> 05:23.769\n此外，\n\n05:24.070 --> 05:25.595\n一些医疗操作，\n\n05:25.595 --> 05:28.320\n如气管插管、机械通气等，\n\n05:28.470 --> 05:32.019\n也可能为真菌入侵肺部创造条件。\n\n05:32.829 --> 05:34.071\n有研究发现，\n\n05:34.071 --> 05:39.128\n在接受机械通气超过四四十八小时的患者中，\n\n05:39.329 --> 05:41.829\n肺部真菌感染的风险明显。\n\n05:42.721 --> 05:43.121\n身高。\n\n05:44.805 --> 05:46.656\n肺部真菌病的发病机制。\n\n05:47.826 --> 05:51.277\n人体免疫反应与真菌的相互作用，\n\n05:51.677 --> 05:56.476\n人体的免疫系统在抵御真菌入侵中起着关键作用。\n\n05:56.677 --> 05:58.677\n当真菌侵入肺部后，\n\n05:58.976 --> 06:02.777\n免疫系统会启动一系列的免疫防御机制，\n\n06:02.927 --> 06:06.826\n如巨噬细胞会吞吞噬真菌孢子，\n\n06:06.976 --> 06:10.976\n中性粒细胞会释放抗菌物质来杀灭真菌。\n\n06:13.020 --> 06:13.403\n然而，\n\n06:13.403 --> 06:14.821\n在某些情况下，\n\n06:15.071 --> 06:19.096\n真菌能够逃避或抑制人体的免疫反应。\n\n06:19.096 --> 06:19.670\n例如，\n\n06:19.971 --> 06:22.621\n一些真菌可以产生特定的。\n\n06:23.592 --> 06:30.242\n特殊的酶或毒素破坏人体的免疫细胞或者改变自身的免疫结构。\n\n06:33.351 --> 06:36.451\n如患有恶性肿瘤、糖尿病等慢性疾病。\n\n06:38.154 --> 06:40.904\n免疫功系统的功能受到抑制，\n\n06:41.005 --> 06:43.904\n真菌就更容易在肺部大量繁殖，\n\n06:44.054 --> 06:45.154\n引发疾病。\n\n06:46.416 --> 06:46.916\n据统计，\n\n06:47.016 --> 06:53.467\n患有糖尿病的患者发生肺部真菌病的风险是正常人的2.3倍。\n\n06:55.615 --> 06:57.915\n肺部真菌病的发现、发病机制。\n\n06:58.932 --> 07:00.231\n影响发病的因素。\n\n07:01.546 --> 07:03.446\n多种因素会影响肺病。\n\n07:03.596 --> 07:05.296\n肺部真菌病的发病，\n\n07:05.497 --> 07:07.596\n年龄是一个重要的因素。\n\n07:07.946 --> 07:11.546\n老年人和儿童的免疫系统相对较弱，\n\n07:11.796 --> 07:13.546\n更容易感染真菌。\n\n07:13.696 --> 07:14.346\n例如，\n\n07:14.397 --> 07:16.997\n老年人由于身体机能下降，\n\n07:17.196 --> 07:19.897\n呼吸道黏膜的防御功能减弱，\n\n07:20.147 --> 07:23.096\n肺部清除病原体的能力降低，\n\n07:23.346 --> 07:26.296\n因此肺部真菌病的发病率较高。\n\n07:26.446 --> 07:27.022\n此外，\n\n07:27.022 --> 07:31.647\n长期吸烟、酗酒也会损害呼吸道的正常结构和。\n\n07:31.791 --> 07:32.141\n功能，\n\n07:32.191 --> 07:34.691\n破坏肺部的防御屏障，\n\n07:35.191 --> 07:37.242\n增加感染真菌的风险。\n\n07:37.391 --> 07:38.641\n有研究表明，\n\n07:38.742 --> 07:45.291\n长期吸烟者患肺部真菌病的几率比不吸烟者高出约50%。\n\n07:45.441 --> 07:46.092\n同时，\n\n07:46.441 --> 07:50.742\n环境因素如长期处于潮湿、阴暗的环境中，\n\n07:50.941 --> 07:54.242\n也有利于真菌的生长和传播，\n\n07:54.541 --> 07:57.141\n从而增加发病的可能性。\n\n08:00.092 --> 08:04.393\n真菌肺真菌病的典型临床症状有哪些呢？\n\n08:04.643 --> 08:05.942\n首先是发热，\n\n08:06.292 --> 08:09.842\n发热是肺部真菌病常见的症状之一。\n\n08:10.730 --> 08:13.980\n多数患者会出现不同程度的发热。\n\n08:14.964 --> 08:20.065\n体温可波动在37.5°C到39°C之间。\n\n08:20.464 --> 08:23.464\n部分严重感染的患者体温可能。\n\n08:24.407 --> 08:25.657\n超过39°。\n\n08:27.183 --> 08:28.459\n发热的热型多样，\n\n08:28.459 --> 08:30.384\n可能是持续性的发热，\n\n08:30.484 --> 08:32.633\n也可能是间歇性的发热。\n\n08:32.783 --> 08:37.283\n例如一位肺部念菌念珠菌感染的患者，\n\n08:37.283 --> 08:39.234\n持续发热一周左右，\n\n08:39.533 --> 08:44.033\n体温一直在38°C到38.5°C徘徊。\n\n08:44.434 --> 08:46.408\n使用普通退烧药后，\n\n08:46.408 --> 08:48.033\n体温可暂时下降，\n\n08:48.234 --> 08:50.234\n但不久后又会回升。\n\n08:50.434 --> 08:53.684\n发热会导致患者身体代谢加快。\n\n08:54.393 --> 08:55.617\n消耗大量的能量，\n\n08:55.617 --> 08:58.393\n引起乏力、疲倦等不适。\n\n08:59.330 --> 09:02.179\n从而影响患者的日常生活、工作。\n\n09:09.745 --> 09:12.195\n肺真菌病的典型症状还有咳嗽。\n\n09:13.021 --> 09:16.372\n咳嗽在肺部真菌病患者中也较为普遍。\n\n09:17.531 --> 09:20.132\n咳嗽的程度和性质因人而异，\n\n09:20.531 --> 09:23.382\n有的患者表现为轻度的干咳，\n\n09:23.831 --> 09:25.632\n有的则剧烈咳嗽。\n\n09:26.567 --> 09:28.117\n并伴有大量的痰液。\n\n09:28.367 --> 09:29.317\n一般来说，\n\n09:29.517 --> 09:31.867\n早期可能以干咳为主。\n\n09:32.526 --> 09:33.801\n随着病情的进展，\n\n09:33.801 --> 09:36.276\n痰液会逐渐增多。\n\n09:36.476 --> 09:37.125\n例如，\n\n09:37.325 --> 09:41.676\n肺部曲霉病患者初期可能只是偶尔干咳，\n\n09:41.875 --> 09:46.476\n但是随着曲霉菌在肺部的繁殖和炎症的加重，\n\n09:46.676 --> 09:48.375\n咳嗽会变得频繁，\n\n09:48.575 --> 09:51.575\n且咳出的痰液可能带有血丝。\n\n09:52.442 --> 09:55.341\n咳嗽不仅会给患者带来身体上的不适，\n\n09:55.541 --> 09:58.041\n还可能影响患者的睡眠质量，\n\n09:58.242 --> 10:03.192\n长期的剧烈咳嗽甚至可能导致胸部肌肉的疼痛。\n\n10:07.781 --> 10:08.132\n咳痰，\n\n10:08.281 --> 10:12.231\n咳痰也是肺部真菌病的典型症状之一。\n\n10:12.481 --> 10:17.432\n痰液的性质和颜色因真菌种类的不同而有所差异。\n\n10:17.531 --> 10:18.856\n念珠菌感染时，\n\n10:18.856 --> 10:21.481\n痰液可能呈一个白色粘稠状，\n\n10:21.682 --> 10:23.331\n有时像胶冻状。\n\n10:24.633 --> 10:28.033\n曲霉感染的痰液可能带有黄色或绿色。\n\n10:29.398 --> 10:30.898\n质地较为浓稠。\n\n10:32.302 --> 10:36.252\n部分患者还可能咳出类似豆腐渣样的物质。\n\n10:37.377 --> 10:40.577\n例如曾有一一位曲霉患者，\n\n10:40.877 --> 10:46.377\n曲霉菌感染的患者咳出的痰液中带有黄色的块状物，\n\n10:46.577 --> 10:48.276\n经检查确定为。\n\n10:49.213 --> 10:50.713\n曲霉的菌丝团。\n\n10:52.982 --> 10:53.882\n何谈不会？\n\n10:54.913 --> 10:57.913\n不畅可以导致痰液在肺部的积聚，\n\n10:58.062 --> 10:59.713\n进一步加重感染，\n\n10:59.963 --> 11:03.913\n从而影响肺部的气体交换功能。\n\n11:05.565 --> 11:08.065\n不同真菌致病的症状差异。\n\n11:09.200 --> 11:17.250\n念珠菌致病症状的特点念珠菌引起的肺部真菌病除了上述典型症状外，\n\n11:17.349 --> 11:19.599\n还可能有一些特殊表现。\n\n11:20.601 --> 11:23.351\n患者的咳嗽可能相对较轻。\n\n11:25.106 --> 11:26.757\n但咳痰较为明显。\n\n11:27.575 --> 11:29.676\n念珠菌引起的肺部真菌病，\n\n11:30.026 --> 11:33.426\n它的痰液多为白色粘液样，\n\n11:33.476 --> 11:35.075\n有时可以拉丝。\n\n11:37.109 --> 11:40.958\n部分患者还可能出现口腔粘膜的病变。\n\n11:42.185 --> 11:45.335\n如口腔内可见白色的斑膜，\n\n11:45.536 --> 11:49.935\n这是由于念珠菌在口腔粘膜大量繁殖。\n\n11:51.138 --> 11:51.689\n导致的。\n\n11:52.239 --> 11:55.138\n在一些免疫力极度低下的患者中，\n\n11:55.489 --> 11:58.539\n念珠菌的感染可能扩散迅速，\n\n11:58.689 --> 12:03.588\n导致呼吸急促、胸痛、呼吸衰竭等严重症状。\n\n12:03.838 --> 12:09.489\n例如一位患有白血病且长期接受化疗的患者。\n\n12:10.538 --> 12:11.737\n感染念珠菌后，\n\n12:11.737 --> 12:13.687\n不仅肺部症状加重，\n\n12:13.838 --> 12:17.362\n还出现了口腔黏膜广泛的白色斑膜，\n\n12:17.362 --> 12:18.737\n伴有疼痛，\n\n12:18.987 --> 12:20.187\n影响进食。\n\n12:21.705 --> 12:22.505\n曲霉制饼。\n\n12:23.700 --> 12:24.500\n症状特点，\n\n12:24.500 --> 12:26.900\n曲霉导致的肺部真菌病，\n\n12:27.400 --> 12:29.900\n咳嗽症状往往较为突出，\n\n12:30.150 --> 12:31.700\n且咳嗽剧烈，\n\n12:31.849 --> 12:34.299\n有时呈刺激性咳嗽。\n\n12:35.364 --> 12:37.614\n咳嗽中常带有血丝，\n\n12:37.864 --> 12:41.965\n这是因为霉菌的菌丝容易侵犯肺部血管，\n\n12:42.315 --> 12:44.414\n导致血管破裂出血。\n\n12:45.234 --> 12:45.508\n患者，\n\n12:45.508 --> 12:47.633\n还可能出现胸痛症状。\n\n12:48.489 --> 12:49.638\n疼痛程度不一，\n\n12:49.838 --> 12:52.939\n可为隐痛、钝痛或刺痛。\n\n12:53.948 --> 12:58.299\n这与曲霉在肺部引起的炎症刺激胸膜有关。\n\n12:58.648 --> 12:59.198\n此外，\n\n12:59.198 --> 13:03.049\n部分曲霉病患者可能出现咯血症状。\n\n13:03.846 --> 13:08.096\n严重程度从痰、痰中带血到大量咯血不等。\n\n13:08.872 --> 13:12.921\n比如有一位从事粮食储存工作的患者，\n\n13:13.171 --> 13:14.771\n感染烟曲霉后，\n\n13:15.021 --> 13:16.921\n咳嗽频繁且剧烈。\n\n13:18.320 --> 13:20.421\n痰中经常带有血丝。\n\n13:20.671 --> 13:22.221\n随着病情的进展。\n\n13:23.067 --> 13:24.518\n出现了少量咯血。\n\n13:25.856 --> 13:27.406\n经过肺部CT检查，\n\n13:27.906 --> 13:31.406\n发现肺部有典型的曲霉感染病灶。\n\n13:33.383 --> 13:35.333\n隐球菌致病症状特点。\n\n13:36.125 --> 13:39.575\n肺部隐球菌病的症状相对较为隐秘，\n\n13:40.025 --> 13:43.075\n部分患者可能没有明显的症状，\n\n13:43.424 --> 13:46.424\n仅在体检中发现肺部有病变。\n\n13:46.625 --> 13:51.224\n有症状的患者主要表现为低热、咳嗽、咳痰，\n\n13:51.474 --> 13:53.775\n痰液一般为白色细胞样。\n\n13:53.974 --> 13:56.224\n与念珠菌与曲霉感染不同，\n\n13:56.375 --> 13:59.974\n隐球菌感染引起的胸痛症状相对较少。\n\n14:00.174 --> 14:04.974\n然而当当隐球菌感染扩散至中枢神经系统时。\n\n14:05.382 --> 14:10.382\n患者会出现头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐等神经系统的症状。\n\n14:11.366 --> 14:12.666\n经检查发现，\n\n14:12.666 --> 14:12.966\n是。\n\n14:16.237 --> 14:16.463\n例如，\n\n14:16.463 --> 14:21.237\n一位艾滋病患者最初仅表现为轻微的咳嗽、低热，\n\n14:21.487 --> 14:22.687\n未引起重视，\n\n14:22.838 --> 14:26.237\n后来逐渐出现头痛、视力模糊等症状，\n\n14:26.338 --> 14:30.937\n经检查发现是肺部隐球菌病合并中枢神经系统感染。\n\n14:33.382 --> 14:33.958\n呼吸困难，\n\n14:33.958 --> 14:36.682\n随着肺部真菌病病情的进展，\n\n14:36.833 --> 14:39.732\n部分患者会出现呼吸困难的症状，\n\n14:39.882 --> 14:44.033\n这是由于肺部的炎症和病变影响了气体交换功能，\n\n14:44.033 --> 14:45.783\n导致氧气的摄入不足。\n\n14:46.427 --> 14:48.476\n呼吸困难的程度可轻可重，\n\n14:48.627 --> 14:51.427\n轻者可能在活动后出现气促，\n\n14:51.577 --> 14:54.877\n重者即使在休息时也会感到呼吸费力，\n\n14:54.927 --> 14:57.327\n甚至出现端坐呼吸。\n\n14:58.317 --> 14:59.968\n或使用辅助呼吸设备。\n\n15:00.418 --> 15:03.768\n例如一位患有严重肺部曲霉病的患者，\n\n15:03.918 --> 15:06.567\n由于肺部广泛的炎症和纤维化，\n\n15:06.617 --> 15:10.817\n日常活动如穿衣、洗漱等都会感到明显的气促，\n\n15:10.968 --> 15:14.117\n后期甚至需要长期吸氧来维持呼吸。\n\n15:14.317 --> 15:17.468\n呼吸困难会严重影响患者的生活质量，\n\n15:17.518 --> 15:19.442\n限制患者的活动范围，\n\n15:19.442 --> 15:21.668\n导致患者心理压力增大，\n\n15:21.718 --> 15:23.768\n产生焦虑、抑郁等情绪。\n\n15:25.221 --> 15:25.570\n胸痛，\n\n15:25.570 --> 15:29.421\n胸痛也是肺部真菌病可能伴随的症状之一。\n\n15:29.520 --> 15:32.671\n胸痛的原因主要是肺部炎症刺激胸膜。\n\n15:33.596 --> 15:34.896\n胸痛的性质多样。\n\n15:35.791 --> 15:37.991\n可为刺痛、钝痛或隐痛。\n\n15:37.991 --> 15:39.390\n疼痛因人而异。\n\n15:39.741 --> 15:42.315\n部分患者在咳嗽或深呼吸时，\n\n15:42.315 --> 15:43.440\n胸痛会加重，\n\n15:43.541 --> 15:46.541\n这会导致患者不敢用力呼吸和咳嗽，\n\n15:46.791 --> 15:48.366\n从而影响痰液的排出，\n\n15:48.366 --> 15:49.541\n加重肺部感染。\n\n15:52.564 --> 15:52.914\n例如，\n\n15:53.114 --> 15:55.939\n一位肺部念珠菌感染的患者，\n\n15:55.939 --> 15:58.864\n随着病情发展出现了胸痛症状，\n\n15:58.864 --> 16:00.314\n疼痛为刺痛感，\n\n16:00.364 --> 16:02.963\n尤其是在深呼吸时疼痛加重，\n\n16:03.013 --> 16:07.739\n这使得患者呼吸情况进一步影响了肺部的气体交换，\n\n16:07.739 --> 16:09.763\n延长了疾病的治疗周期。\n\n16:10.064 --> 16:11.888\n今天我的分享到此结束，\n\n16:11.888 --> 16:12.614\n谢谢大家。\n\n","v0d47cg10004d60r5uqljhta401um970",983,818,"2026-01-24 21:21:04","肺部真菌病定义、症状及治疗 | 肺部真菌感染详解  ","肺部真菌病, 肺部真菌感染, 真菌性肺炎, 肺部真菌病症状, 肺部真菌病治疗  ","肺部真菌病是由真菌感染引起的肺部疾病，常见于免疫力低下人群。本文详解其定义、病因、症状及治疗方法，帮助您了解如何预防和应对肺部真菌感染。","2026-02-08 08:04:32",[38],{"menuId":39,"menuName":40,"parentId":17,"orderNum":22,"path":41,"component":42,"isFrame":43,"isCache":44,"menuType":45,"visible":27,"status":17,"createDept":6,"remark":25,"createTime":46,"children":47,"columnImage":48,"columnLogo":49,"uncheckedLogo":6,"checkedLogo":6,"isHot":17,"isHome":17,"forceLogin":17,"color":6,"seoTitle":50,"seoKeywords":51,"seoDescription":52,"contentNum":6,"promotionalPoster":53,"menuFrame":7,"innerLink":7,"parentView":7,"routeName":54,"routerPath":41,"componentInfo":42},"1986622624134549505","科普视频","video","/video.html","1","0","T","2025-11-07 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