WEBVTT00:00:15.920 --> 00:00:19.880家好我是上海市普陀基中心医院00:00:19.880 --> 00:00:21.620急诊内科的医生00:00:22.960 --> 00:00:24.300我叫邵忠俊00:00:24.960 --> 00:00:28.300今天我和大家分享一下00:00:28.800 --> 00:00:30.680我们的常一个常见病00:00:30.680 --> 00:00:33.660就是感冒的治疗与预防00:00:36.520 --> 00:00:38.760我们分享这个视频的目的00:00:38.760 --> 00:00:42.580是让大家掌握感冒的正确方法00:00:43.120 --> 00:00:45.820可以保持我们的健康生活00:00:53.520 --> 00:00:57.580首先我们来了解一下什么是感冒00:01:05.720 --> 00:01:08.700我们从基础方面认识一下00:01:09.800 --> 00:01:12.220可以提高我们的健康意识00:01:13.120 --> 00:01:15.940从而使我们保持一个健康的身体00:01:16.080 --> 00:01:20.300更好的来应付工作日常生活00:01:23.400 --> 00:01:25.300那么什么是感冒呢00:01:26.480 --> 00:01:29.320感冒是一个俗称00:01:29.320 --> 00:01:33.160感冒其实是一个上呼吸道的俗称00:01:33.160 --> 00:01:34.620是感染的俗称00:01:34.720 --> 00:01:40.140上呼吸道是指鼻咽喉的一个way00:01:43.800 --> 00:01:44.640在生活中00:01:44.640 --> 00:01:47.740我们俗称上呼吸道感染为感冒00:01:47.800 --> 00:01:50.100它是一种由病毒00:01:50.400 --> 00:01:52.200主要是由病毒引起的00:01:52.200 --> 00:01:54.120常见的呼吸道疾病00:01:54.120 --> 00:01:56.800但是在疾病发病的后期00:01:56.800 --> 00:02:00.020可能会激发一个细菌感染00:02:05.200 --> 00:02:07.620感冒的常见症状有哪些呢00:02:08.360 --> 00:02:12.180感冒常见症状包括鼻塞00:02:12.600 --> 00:02:16.300咳嗽喉咙痛发烧00:02:16.640 --> 00:02:18.740流鼻涕打喷嚏00:02:21.920 --> 00:02:22.720等00:02:25.160 --> 00:02:27.920但是感冒的这些典型症状00:02:27.920 --> 00:02:31.160有助于我们及时地识别感冒00:02:31.160 --> 00:02:34.220并可以采取适当的措施00:02:34.240 --> 00:02:38.040从而可以更好地缩短病程00:02:38.040 --> 00:02:39.820促进疾病的恢复00:02:41.560 --> 00:02:44.060感冒的主要病原体有哪些呢00:02:44.280 --> 00:02:47.580感冒主要的病原体是病毒00:02:48.880 --> 00:02:52.440比如乙病毒冠状病毒腺病毒00:02:52.440 --> 00:02:54.620呼吸道荷包病毒等等00:02:55.880 --> 00:02:56.720这些病毒00:02:56.720 --> 00:03:00.640主要是通过一个飞沫的空气00:03:00.640 --> 00:03:03.060和一个密切接触的传播00:03:03.640 --> 00:03:05.360容易在人群中扩散00:03:05.360 --> 00:03:06.840尤其是冠状病毒00:03:06.840 --> 00:03:09.100它的传染性是非常强的00:03:11.240 --> 00:03:12.780它的独立也很强00:03:15.080 --> 00:03:16.940那猫的病程多久呢00:03:17.400 --> 00:03:20.860感冒一般持续七到十天00:03:21.520 --> 00:03:24.080它是一种自限性的疾病尤00:03:24.080 --> 00:03:25.620其是病毒性的感冒00:03:25.720 --> 00:03:29.360多数可以通过机体自身的抵抗力00:03:29.360 --> 00:03:31.340从而达到自行愈合00:03:32.840 --> 00:03:36.060大多数的感冒不需要特别的治疗00:03:36.360 --> 00:03:38.460可以通过休息00:03:39.280 --> 00:03:42.120适当的护理可以自行恢复00:03:42.120 --> 00:03:46.140从而恢复到一个机体的最佳状态00:03:48.240 --> 00:03:51.980感冒常见的发作季节有哪些呢00:03:52.080 --> 00:03:55.440感冒易在寒冷季节00:03:55.440 --> 00:03:58.180或者免疫力低下时发作00:03:59.520 --> 00:04:02.180人体在气温变化大时00:04:02.640 --> 00:04:04.140抵抗力会下降00:04:04.640 --> 00:04:06.220容易感染病毒00:04:06.560 --> 00:04:10.900所以在寒冷季节我们应注意保暖00:04:11.760 --> 00:04:14.420增强自身的抵抗力尤为重要00:04:18.400 --> 00:04:21.380感冒尤其是流感传染性特别强00:04:21.800 --> 00:04:25.160易在家庭和办公场所传播传播00:04:25.160 --> 00:04:30.640尤其在在那个人多密集的地方传00:04:30.640 --> 00:04:32.060速度非常的快00:04:35.400 --> 00:04:38.300为了切确断一个传播途径00:04:38.680 --> 00:04:41.900感冒的患者应避免密切接触传染00:04:43.440 --> 00:04:44.840尽量减少外出00:04:44.840 --> 00:04:46.860以减少传播的风险00:04:52.120 --> 00:04:54.540感冒的传播途径有哪些呢00:04:54.920 --> 00:04:57.940我们来了解一下感冒的传播途径00:04:58.440 --> 00:05:01.020可以达到有效的预防感冒的00:05:06.200 --> 00:05:09.180amon主要通过飞沫的传播00:05:09.880 --> 00:05:15.900当感冒的感染者咳嗽或打喷嚏时00:05:16.200 --> 00:05:19.620病毒可以通过飞沫进入空气当中00:05:20.080 --> 00:05:25.240健康人吸入这些飞沫可以后00:05:25.240 --> 00:05:27.820可能被感染病毒00:05:30.360 --> 00:05:32.100一个接触的传播00:05:33.480 --> 00:05:36.980健康人接触被病毒污染的物品后00:05:38.720 --> 00:05:40.680再触摸眼00:05:40.680 --> 00:05:44.340鼻喉这些上呼吸道等部位00:05:44.800 --> 00:05:47.520病毒可以通过这些黏膜组织00:05:47.520 --> 00:05:48.840进入身体00:05:48.840 --> 00:05:50.340从而引引发00:05:52.520 --> 00:05:53.320感冒00:05:54.560 --> 00:05:56.500第三空气的传播00:05:57.680 --> 00:06:01.260感冒病毒在空气中的微小气溶胶中00:06:01.480 --> 00:06:03.140能存活一段时间00:06:03.240 --> 00:06:07.420可在相对封闭的环境中传播给他人00:06:08.320 --> 00:06:10.780第四一个手接触的传播00:06:11.360 --> 00:06:14.540手接触病毒后未彻底清洗00:06:14.880 --> 00:06:16.620再次接触口鼻00:06:16.960 --> 00:06:19.740病毒可以借此机会进入人体00:06:19.840 --> 00:06:21.220导致感染00:06:26.720 --> 00:06:27.400感冒的常00:06:27.400 --> 00:06:29.140见症状有哪些呢00:06:29.240 --> 00:06:32.140我们识别感冒的常见症状00:06:32.160 --> 00:06:35.300可以及时的采取适当的措施00:06:36.480 --> 00:06:37.600缩短病程00:06:37.600 --> 00:06:41.260促进机体的良好的恢复00:06:42.440 --> 00:06:42.760那么00:06:42.760 --> 00:06:46.460我们首先分享一下感冒初期的症状00:06:47.360 --> 00:06:50.620感冒初期的症状主要有喉咙痛00:06:50.880 --> 00:06:51.780干咳00:06:53.040 --> 00:06:55.900这是感冒早期的常见症状00:06:56.680 --> 00:07:00.860通常伴随轻微的发热和全身的不适00:07:00.920 --> 00:07:03.820比如全身的酸痛乏力00:07:05.360 --> 00:07:06.500置税等等00:07:10.240 --> 00:07:12.180要鼻塞和流鼻涕00:07:13.000 --> 00:07:15.980我们鼻腔的充血可以导致鼻塞00:07:16.120 --> 00:07:19.360分泌物增多可以形成鼻鼻涕00:07:19.360 --> 00:07:22.180影响呼吸道的呼吸的通畅00:07:22.280 --> 00:07:25.040还可能导致一个味觉的减弱00:07:25.040 --> 00:07:26.340或者的上升00:07:26.600 --> 00:07:29.780上升嗅觉的减弱或者丧失00:07:32.400 --> 00:07:34.460轻微的头痛和乏力00:07:34.800 --> 00:07:35.720病毒感染00:07:35.720 --> 00:07:39.520可以引起头部不适和全身乏力00:07:39.520 --> 00:07:41.140如肌肉酸痛00:07:42.520 --> 00:07:45.340疲惫使人感到酸软00:07:45.360 --> 00:07:46.380疲惫不堪00:07:48.720 --> 00:07:49.780食欲不振00:07:50.200 --> 00:07:53.620感冒的初期可能出现食欲不振00:07:54.120 --> 00:07:59.060纳差恶心腹胀腹泻等消化道症状00:07:59.680 --> 00:08:02.540影响机体对营养的吸收00:08:06.320 --> 00:08:07.500肌肉的酸痛00:08:07.680 --> 00:08:08.820病毒感染00:08:09.560 --> 00:08:11.040尤其是发烧时00:08:11.040 --> 00:08:13.700可以导致肌肉组织发炎00:08:13.720 --> 00:08:16.060引起全身酸痛不适00:08:16.800 --> 00:08:20.100高热的时候特别会引起肌肉的酸痛00:08:20.160 --> 00:08:22.980我们可以适当的用一些退热药00:08:23.840 --> 00:08:26.580眼睛干涩干涩和流泪00:08:26.640 --> 00:08:30.500病毒感染可能刺激眼部黏膜00:08:31.200 --> 00:08:33.460导致干涩或者流泪00:08:34.160 --> 00:08:35.820畏光等等症状00:08:39.119 --> 00:08:41.819那么感冒中后期有哪些症状呢00:08:42.279 --> 00:08:45.260感冒中后期的症状需密切注意00:08:45.440 --> 00:08:47.260以免病情的恶化00:08:49.560 --> 00:08:53.600感冒中后期可能引起咳嗽的加剧00:08:53.600 --> 00:08:55.300可能伴有痰液00:08:55.600 --> 00:08:58.240感冒中期咳嗽往往加重00:08:58.240 --> 00:08:59.860有时痰液增多00:09:00.040 --> 00:09:02.180影影响日常生活00:09:02.200 --> 00:09:05.240如果痰液或者鼻涕变黄00:09:05.240 --> 00:09:09.660那么可能是由于冒后期00:09:09.840 --> 00:09:12.820导致一个继发细菌感染00:09:13.400 --> 00:09:16.000这个时候我们我们往往要需要一00:09:16.000 --> 00:09:17.180些抗菌素00:09:18.600 --> 00:09:22.340发热的持续体温可能升高00:09:23.880 --> 00:09:26.740病毒感染导致机体免疫反应00:09:27.440 --> 00:09:29.220体温上升00:09:29.400 --> 00:09:32.580需密切监测体温00:09:34.440 --> 00:09:35.440在高热时00:09:35.440 --> 00:09:38.520我们可以适当使用一些解热镇痛00:09:38.520 --> 00:09:40.860抗炎药缓解身体的不适00:09:41.520 --> 00:09:43.940全身肌肉的酸痛加剧00:09:44.200 --> 00:09:46.420随着病毒在体内的扩散00:09:46.520 --> 00:09:49.460肌肉和关节的疼痛感更为明显00:09:50.360 --> 00:09:53.700感冒中后期可能引起头痛的加重00:09:53.880 --> 00:09:56.020可能伴有眩晕不适00:09:56.320 --> 00:09:57.560感冒的中后期00:09:57.560 --> 00:09:59.060头痛可能加重00:09:59.120 --> 00:10:01.740并伴有轻微的眩晕感00:10:02.840 --> 00:10:05.500尤其是在起立时00:10:06.920 --> 00:10:09.060眩晕感会加重00:10:09.920 --> 00:10:12.200感冒可以导致精神的不振00:10:12.200 --> 00:10:13.340容易疲劳00:10:13.640 --> 00:10:14.880持续的病毒感染00:10:14.880 --> 00:10:17.800尤其是病有发烧的症状时00:10:17.800 --> 00:10:19.940可以导致身体的虚弱00:10:21.720 --> 00:10:22.760精神的不振00:10:22.760 --> 00:10:24.340容易感到疲劳00:10:26.800 --> 00:10:28.280食欲的持续下降00:10:28.280 --> 00:10:29.660感冒中后期00:10:30.400 --> 00:10:32.220食欲减退更为明显00:10:33.440 --> 00:10:36.000很容易出现一些消化道症状00:10:36.000 --> 00:10:39.220如恶心腹胀腹泻腹痛等00:10:39.600 --> 00:10:43.540这样可能导致营养摄入的减少00:10:45.360 --> 00:10:47.180咽喉疼痛加剧00:10:47.240 --> 00:10:48.300吞咽困难00:10:48.320 --> 00:10:49.780感冒中后期00:10:50.040 --> 00:10:54.140可以导致咽喉部充血声带水肿等00:10:54.200 --> 00:10:56.100喉咙疼痛可能加重00:10:56.800 --> 00:10:59.100还有可能引起深思00:11:01.240 --> 00:11:04.060吞咽时不适感特别强烈00:11:04.800 --> 00:11:09.100严重的时候可能根本就发不出声音00:11:11.920 --> 00:11:12.360接下来00:11:12.360 --> 00:11:15.300我们分享一下感冒的治疗方法00:11:15.680 --> 00:11:19.020科学的治疗可以加快感冒的恢复00:11:20.960 --> 00:11:21.160嗯00:11:21.160 --> 00:11:24.020首先我们分享一下感冒的药物治疗00:11:24.160 --> 00:11:27.380合理的用药可以缓解感冒的症状00:11:27.640 --> 00:11:29.980可以缩短病程00:11:30.920 --> 00:11:32.780提高人体的舒适感00:11:33.880 --> 00:11:35.160嗯首先00:11:35.160 --> 00:11:39.380我们分享一下感冒的解热镇痛药00:11:39.440 --> 00:11:42.240如对乙酰氨基酚布洛芬等00:11:42.240 --> 00:11:44.540可以有效的缓解发热00:11:44.560 --> 00:11:47.220头痛及肌肉酸痛等不适00:11:51.840 --> 00:11:53.780一个抗组胺药的应用00:11:54.040 --> 00:11:56.980抗组胺药可以缓解流鼻涕00:11:57.000 --> 00:11:58.660打喷嚏等症状00:11:58.880 --> 00:12:00.880适合与适合00:12:00.880 --> 00:12:03.540与有过敏体质的患者00:12:04.480 --> 00:12:09.300镇咳药镇咳药适用于干咳无痰时00:12:09.800 --> 00:12:11.620可以帮助缓解咳嗽00:12:11.680 --> 00:12:13.320但需遵医嘱使用00:12:13.320 --> 00:12:15.340避免一些禁忌症00:12:19.440 --> 00:12:23.340当喉咙有呼吸道有痰不易咳出时00:12:23.440 --> 00:12:26.820使用一些祛痰药可以帮助稀释痰液00:12:26.960 --> 00:12:28.700促进痰液的排出00:12:29.160 --> 00:12:31.800适用于咳嗽有痰者00:12:31.800 --> 00:12:34.020尤其是有黏痰者00:12:35.600 --> 00:12:37.380抗病毒药物的使用00:12:38.200 --> 00:12:39.200抗病毒药物00:12:39.200 --> 00:12:41.620应在医生的指导下使用00:12:42.680 --> 00:12:45.220有些特定的病毒感染00:12:46.480 --> 00:12:49.180可以使用特定的抗病毒药物如00:12:50.520 --> 00:12:52.220有基础疾病的00:12:54.480 --> 00:12:55.680冠状病毒感染00:12:55.680 --> 00:12:59.140可以使用一些冠状病毒药物00:12:59.400 --> 00:13:01.600然后甲硫乙硫00:13:01.600 --> 00:13:05.260可以服用马巴洛沙韦或者奥司他韦00:13:06.640 --> 00:13:08.460可以缩短一个病程00:13:08.880 --> 00:13:11.140减少一些并发症的产生00:13:11.840 --> 00:13:13.540维生素的补充剂00:13:13.640 --> 00:13:16.220维生素c等可以增强免疫力00:13:16.640 --> 00:13:19.660辅助病感冒的治疗00:13:20.240 --> 00:13:23.920一些中药制剂如板蓝根颗粒等等00:13:23.920 --> 00:13:26.540可以有助于清热解毒00:13:26.640 --> 00:13:27.940缓解症状00:13:31.240 --> 00:13:32.520下来我们分享一下00:13:32.520 --> 00:13:34.420感冒的非药物治疗00:13:35.960 --> 00:13:38.280model b药物的辅助治疗00:13:38.280 --> 00:13:40.260可以提升治疗的效果00:13:42.800 --> 00:13:44.400首先我们要多休息00:13:44.400 --> 00:13:47.420保持充足的睡眠00:13:48.320 --> 00:13:49.520充足的休息00:13:49.520 --> 00:13:53.540有助于免疫系统更好地对抗病毒00:13:54.240 --> 00:13:56.420从而使感冒更快地恢复00:13:59.000 --> 00:14:02.180然后我们应该保持室内的空气湿润00:14:02.840 --> 00:14:04.600我们在室内可以00:14:04.600 --> 00:14:08.580尤其是有在使用空调的环境当中00:14:08.680 --> 00:14:13.100可以使用加湿器缓解一些干燥环境00:14:13.160 --> 00:14:14.940增加空气中的水分00:14:15.520 --> 00:14:19.380从而可以减轻喉咙痛和咳嗽等症状00:14:21.200 --> 00:14:22.220多喝水00:14:23.320 --> 00:14:25.500保持身体水分的充足00:14:25.600 --> 00:14:28.020多喝水有助于稀释痰液00:14:28.320 --> 00:14:30.780缓解鼻塞鼻塞等不适00:14:32.000 --> 00:14:34.220保持室内空气的流通00:14:36.320 --> 00:14:39.240家里有感冒的患患者是00:14:39.240 --> 00:14:41.900我们应定期开窗通风00:14:41.960 --> 00:14:44.460减少病毒在空气中的浓度00:14:44.480 --> 00:14:47.520一方面可以使感冒患者更快的恢复00:14:47.520 --> 00:14:50.740另外一方面还可以避免传染给他人00:14:52.360 --> 00:14:54.140注意饮食的调节00:14:54.360 --> 00:14:57.920多摄入富含维生素和矿物质的食物00:14:57.920 --> 00:15:00.940尤其是富含维生素c的食物00:15:01.040 --> 00:15:03.820可以增强身体的免疫力00:15:05.080 --> 00:15:07.100避免接触刺激性物质00:15:07.160 --> 00:15:10.920我们在感冒时应避免接触烟雾尘埃00:15:10.920 --> 00:15:12.540以免加重症状00:15:13.680 --> 00:15:16.380然后我们可以进行适度的运动00:15:16.400 --> 00:15:18.840轻度的运动可缓解血液循环00:15:18.840 --> 00:15:20.940帮助缓解感冒症状00:15:21.680 --> 00:15:24.520预防感冒的方法预防肾与治疗00:15:24.520 --> 00:15:26.460从日常生活做起00:15:26.960 --> 00:15:28.400个人一个卫生习惯00:15:28.400 --> 00:15:31.660良好的卫生习惯是预防感冒的基础00:15:32.000 --> 00:15:33.520我们勤洗手00:15:33.520 --> 00:15:35.380使用肥皂和流动水00:15:35.560 --> 00:15:38.520使用肥皂和流动水洗手至少二十秒00:15:38.520 --> 00:15:40.820能有效去除病毒和细菌00:15:41.440 --> 00:15:44.340避免用手触摸眼鼻孔00:15:44.400 --> 00:15:45.960手部易接触病毒00:15:45.960 --> 00:15:48.460触摸眼鼻孔可能继发感染00:15:48.760 --> 00:15:52.040使用纸巾掩盖可以减少飞沫的传播00:15:52.040 --> 00:15:53.540避免传染他人00:15:54.240 --> 00:15:56.560经常消毒和清洁手机00:15:56.560 --> 00:15:58.000键盘等常用物品00:15:58.000 --> 00:15:59.780减少病毒的滋生00:16:00.440 --> 00:16:01.920定期开窗通风00:16:01.920 --> 00:16:03.920保持室内空气流通00:16:03.920 --> 00:16:05.460降低病毒浓度00:16:05.920 --> 00:16:09.060每周应更换和清洗床单被罩00:16:09.560 --> 00:16:12.060减少尘螨和细菌滋生00:16:12.280 --> 00:16:14.440减少与感冒患者的接触00:16:14.440 --> 00:16:16.500降低被传染的风险00:16:17.320 --> 00:16:18.660增强抵抗力00:16:18.760 --> 00:16:21.180多喝水保持身体水分00:16:21.440 --> 00:16:22.160充足的水分00:16:22.160 --> 00:16:25.620有助于维持正常代谢和免疫功能00:16:26.000 --> 00:16:28.600多摄入富含维生素c的水果00:16:28.600 --> 00:16:29.360如柑橘类00:16:29.360 --> 00:16:31.140有助于增强免疫力00:16:31.200 --> 00:16:33.800每周至少进行一百五十分钟00:16:33.800 --> 00:16:35.520中等强度的有氧运动00:16:35.520 --> 00:16:37.180如快走或游泳00:16:37.320 --> 00:16:38.000成年人00:16:38.000 --> 00:16:40.760每晚应确保七到八小时的高质量00:16:40.760 --> 00:16:43.420睡眠促进免疫的恢复00:16:44.040 --> 00:16:45.520保持良好的心态00:16:45.520 --> 00:16:48.580减少压力可以提高免疫功能00:16:50.600 --> 00:16:53.740避免吸烟和过度饮酒00:16:54.320 --> 00:16:55.840嗯补00:16:55.840 --> 00:16:59.300充肠道的益生菌可以改善肠道健康00:17:01.400 --> 00:17:03.540今天我们来做一下总结00:17:05.400 --> 00:17:05.760首先00:17:05.760 --> 00:17:08.520我们了解感冒的传播途径和症状00:17:08.520 --> 00:17:10.200了解感冒的传播方式00:17:10.200 --> 00:17:12.600如肺末或和接触传播00:17:12.600 --> 00:17:15.760以及常见症状如鼻塞咳嗽发热00:17:15.760 --> 00:17:18.700有助于早期识别并采取适当措施00:17:18.920 --> 00:17:21.520正确使用药物治疗和非药物治疗00:17:21.520 --> 00:17:22.980合理使用镇痛00:17:24.760 --> 00:17:27.520解热药抗组胺药等药物来缓解症状00:17:27.520 --> 00:17:28.960同时采用多休息00:17:28.960 --> 00:17:31.920保持空气空气湿润等非药物措施00:17:31.920 --> 00:17:33.420促进病情的恢复00:17:33.560 --> 00:17:36.060养成良好的个人卫生习惯00:17:36.440 --> 00:17:37.400增加免疫力00:17:37.400 --> 00:17:38.380预防感染00:17:41.240 --> 00:17:41.920如何应用00:17:41.920 --> 00:17:42.800保持健康00:17:42.800 --> 00:17:44.160我们应定期体检00:17:44.160 --> 00:17:46.180关注自身健康状况00:17:46.240 --> 00:17:47.640合理规划饮食00:17:47.640 --> 00:17:49.260增强营养的摄入00:17:49.480 --> 00:17:50.960保持积极心态00:17:50.960 --> 00:17:52.380避免过度焦虑00:17:52.480 --> 00:17:53.480在流感季节00:17:53.480 --> 00:17:55.300我们考虑接种疫苗00:17:55.840 --> 00:17:57.440积极参加户外活动00:17:57.440 --> 00:17:58.620增强体质00:17:58.920 --> 00:18:00.680定期清洁居住环境00:18:00.680 --> 00:18:02.300保持空气流通00:18:03.120 --> 00:18:04.920今天我的分享到此结束00:18:04.920 --> 00:18:05.820谢谢大家