[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fCcSGK7AuiGehsyIKOT0Hv1JEiatOzw4M0vjh2ZVJaOc":8,"$fJAiqfH0ypEXBOqjQtXUkNpxZA34RBNloa6A0bOr2MBM":58,"$fHgjkicp9LWZprnssjRjbkSDyACNjpmZueJ8xbJE19Ig":59,"$fGdWpUUuhToD0Hz9AQAnLEfymZsS4uBYah2kiq5Vu74U":63},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":57},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"specialistId":13,"specialistAssistants":14,"profilePhoto":15,"specialistName":16,"roleType":17,"adept":18,"hospital":19,"department":20,"postsTitle":21,"materialTotal":22,"videoTotal":23,"isConcern":7,"title":24,"coverVertical":25,"coverAcross":26,"directionMarker":27,"description":28,"vid":29,"time":30,"mediaType":27,"views":31,"likes":17,"isThumbsUp":7,"isCollection":7,"collections":17,"createTime":32,"seoTitle":33,"seoKeywords":34,"seoDescription":35,"shelvesTime":36,"menus":37,"menuId":39,"type":23,"quality":6,"commentCount":17,"isComment":27,"deviceType":55,"url":56},14324,864660,[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/medical/ystApp/GGyHbcImTexE4xu0gksjxaVdqrS27hpy.png","方红",0,"擅长高血压、糖尿病、消化系统疾病、骨质疏松、冠心病、儿科等社区常见病多发病的诊治管理及心理健康方面问题","上海市长宁区周家桥街道社区卫生","全科医疗","主任医师",3,2,"感冒老不好小心发展成肺炎","","https://cdn.yishi-tong.com/console/3/5BnvsyGthxNX7OaeVGLUDgiwA-EZntaQ.png",1,"WEBVTT\n\n00:02.253 --> 00:02.553\n嗯，\n\n00:02.553 --> 00:02.891\n好，\n\n00:02.891 --> 00:04.177\n大家好，\n\n00:04.177 --> 00:04.828\n今天呢，\n\n00:04.828 --> 00:07.652\n我们来说一下感冒的问题。\n\n00:07.803 --> 00:08.227\n那么，\n\n00:08.227 --> 00:08.852\n感冒呢，\n\n00:08.852 --> 00:13.053\n有些朋友会经常冬冬春季节呢，\n\n00:13.053 --> 00:15.652\n是我们的常见病多发病啊，\n\n00:15.652 --> 00:18.253\n有很多抵抗力差的老年朋友嘛，\n\n00:18.253 --> 00:21.152\n会受了凉以后就会出现啊，\n\n00:21.152 --> 00:22.628\n喉咙痛啊，\n\n00:22.628 --> 00:25.702\n咳嗽流鼻涕这样子的感冒这些症状。\n\n00:25.853 --> 00:26.452\n但是呢，\n\n00:26.452 --> 00:27.277\n吃了药以后呢，\n\n00:27.277 --> 00:29.152\n他也不见得会好那。\n\n00:29.795 --> 00:30.045\n嗯，\n\n00:30.145 --> 00:31.070\n老是不好呢，\n\n00:31.070 --> 00:32.145\n我们就要小心了。\n\n00:32.245 --> 00:33.796\n如果感冒老是不好的话，\n\n00:33.796 --> 00:36.395\n我们就要小心它发展成肺炎。\n\n00:36.395 --> 00:36.770\n那么，\n\n00:36.770 --> 00:37.796\n为什么这样说呢？\n\n00:37.846 --> 00:40.846\n今天我们就来说说今天的这样的话题。\n\n00:41.245 --> 00:43.445\n感冒为何迁延不愈呢？\n\n00:43.445 --> 00:44.020\n我们说，\n\n00:44.020 --> 00:45.445\n我们说呀。\n\n00:46.416 --> 00:47.090\n感冒呢，\n\n00:47.090 --> 00:50.116\n它是由病毒或者是细菌所引起来的。\n\n00:50.265 --> 00:50.666\n嗯，\n\n00:50.965 --> 00:52.890\n当受凉以后，\n\n00:52.890 --> 00:57.015\n人体受凉以后会出现病毒和免疫的拉锯战。\n\n00:57.265 --> 00:58.616\n普通性感冒呢，\n\n00:58.616 --> 01:00.465\n它有一个自限性的机制。\n\n01:00.715 --> 01:03.965\n普通感冒多由病鼻病毒所引起来的。\n\n01:04.015 --> 01:04.990\n免疫系统呢，\n\n01:04.990 --> 01:07.466\n会在5.7天内清除病毒，\n\n01:07.666 --> 01:12.765\n免疫细胞识别病原体后激活产生抗体和细胞因子。\n\n01:16.001 --> 01:16.677\n从而呢，\n\n01:16.677 --> 01:18.101\n抑制病毒的复制，\n\n01:18.501 --> 01:22.251\n免疫力低下的时候会导致感冒的症状迁延不愈。\n\n01:22.601 --> 01:28.601\n当患者存在基础免疫力低下、慢性疾病或者长期熬夜压力的时候，\n\n01:28.702 --> 01:31.902\n病毒复制的周期会延长，\n\n01:32.251 --> 01:35.302\n鼻粘膜纤毛清除功能会下降，\n\n01:35.552 --> 01:37.677\n炎症介质持续释放，\n\n01:37.677 --> 01:40.902\n导致鼻塞咽痛等症状反复加重。\n\n01:41.529 --> 01:41.955\n那么，\n\n01:41.955 --> 01:43.529\n继发性感染的话呢，\n\n01:43.529 --> 01:48.830\n会有一个时间窗免疫系统和病毒的拉锯战进入焦灼状态，\n\n01:48.980 --> 01:51.930\n为细菌激发感染提供了时间窗口。\n\n01:52.029 --> 01:52.830\n细菌呢，\n\n01:52.830 --> 01:55.580\n这个时候可能会趁机进入，\n\n01:55.680 --> 01:57.180\n进一步加重病情。\n\n01:58.036 --> 02:00.335\n那么在我们的生活当中呢，\n\n02:00.386 --> 02:06.085\n有一些隐形的帮凶在居室和办公环境下的影响。\n\n02:06.286 --> 02:06.986\n冬季呢，\n\n02:06.986 --> 02:09.085\n密闭空间通风不足的话，\n\n02:09.136 --> 02:11.235\n飞沫悬浮时间延长，\n\n02:11.485 --> 02:12.436\n办公区呢，\n\n02:12.436 --> 02:17.186\n中央空调循环使室内相对的湿度低于40%。\n\n02:17.386 --> 02:19.085\n那鼻粘膜干燥啊，\n\n02:19.085 --> 02:19.710\n破裂啊，\n\n02:19.710 --> 02:21.535\n病毒容易穿透基底膜。\n\n02:22.136 --> 02:24.886\n还有一个就是不良习惯的影响，\n\n02:25.085 --> 02:28.035\n不良的生活习惯比如说像熬夜它会。\n\n02:29.052 --> 02:32.776\n加加重抑制褪黑素的分泌，\n\n02:32.776 --> 02:34.901\n降低自然杀伤细胞的活性。\n\n02:35.251 --> 02:36.901\n高盐高糖的饮食，\n\n02:37.151 --> 02:39.151\n减少溶菌酶的分泌。\n\n02:39.501 --> 02:40.251\n家长呢，\n\n02:40.251 --> 02:43.102\n带病上班或者是儿童带病上学，\n\n02:43.201 --> 02:45.151\n形成交叉的一个感染链。\n\n02:46.949 --> 02:47.824\n另外一个呢，\n\n02:47.824 --> 02:49.800\n就症状的信号有个识别误区，\n\n02:50.199 --> 02:51.850\n会引起错误误判，\n\n02:52.350 --> 02:54.149\n错误误判了鼻涕的颜色。\n\n02:54.149 --> 02:57.500\n许多人将黄绿色的鼻涕等同于细菌感染，\n\n02:57.550 --> 02:59.399\n自行服用抗菌药物，\n\n02:59.449 --> 03:02.350\n但是这个可能是病毒感染的自然过程，\n\n03:02.399 --> 03:03.800\n并非细菌感染。\n\n03:05.046 --> 03:05.645\n第二个呢，\n\n03:05.645 --> 03:08.270\n是忽视夜间咳嗽的加重。\n\n03:08.270 --> 03:12.195\n夜间咳嗽加重常被简单归因于咽喉干燥，\n\n03:12.546 --> 03:13.195\n但是呢，\n\n03:13.195 --> 03:16.796\n它也可能是暗示气道高反压高反应的型，\n\n03:17.145 --> 03:19.645\n需要警惕病情是否有发展。\n\n03:20.367 --> 03:21.518\n强行退烧，\n\n03:21.567 --> 03:23.343\n强行退烧有一定的危害，\n\n03:23.343 --> 03:28.067\n用退热药强行压烧可能掩盖体温的曲线变化，\n\n03:28.067 --> 03:30.817\n错过病情评估的一个最佳的时机。\n\n03:31.917 --> 03:35.393\n错误的抗病概念认为扛一扛，\n\n03:35.393 --> 03:36.417\n增强免疫力。\n\n03:37.100 --> 03:37.675\n却但是呢，\n\n03:37.675 --> 03:39.149\n却可能延误治疗，\n\n03:39.250 --> 03:41.250\n错过最佳的休息窗口，\n\n03:41.250 --> 03:42.750\n导致病情的加重。\n\n03:44.190 --> 03:47.289\n下面我们看看第二部分就是肺炎呢，\n\n03:47.289 --> 03:48.789\n它是怎么形成的？\n\n03:49.664 --> 03:53.164\n在上呼吸道的防线失守过以后，\n\n03:53.164 --> 03:55.164\n会出现粘膜上皮的破坏。\n\n03:55.363 --> 04:01.914\n鼻腔、咽部的粘膜上皮富含有纤毛与粘液毯，\n\n04:02.063 --> 04:03.313\n可以阻挡病毒。\n\n04:05.095 --> 04:09.845\n当病毒载量过高或者是局部的IGI水平下降的时候，\n\n04:09.996 --> 04:12.145\n病原体的穿透基底膜。\n\n04:13.722 --> 04:14.822\n穿透力比较强，\n\n04:14.871 --> 04:16.421\n会进入到淋巴管。\n\n04:17.071 --> 04:17.471\n那么，\n\n04:17.471 --> 04:18.997\n炎症水肿的影响呢，\n\n04:18.997 --> 04:24.421\n主要是严重水肿使咽鼓管和鼻窦开口阻塞，\n\n04:24.622 --> 04:26.671\n分泌物倒流至下咽部，\n\n04:26.721 --> 04:29.272\n为细菌入侵创造了一些条件。\n\n04:29.872 --> 04:31.421\n纤毛功能的受损，\n\n04:31.671 --> 04:34.071\n声门保护反射会有减弱，\n\n04:34.221 --> 04:39.122\n含菌的分泌物借呼吸负压被吸入气管。\n\n04:39.588 --> 04:45.388\n气管的软骨环间的纤毛柱状上皮在病毒的毒素作用下会有脱落，\n\n04:45.537 --> 04:49.287\n清除率下降细菌粘附的机会。\n\n04:49.687 --> 04:54.713\n纤毛脱失使得细菌得以在基底膜暴露的受体上粘附，\n\n04:54.713 --> 04:56.588\n为后续感染埋下隐患。\n\n04:57.350 --> 04:57.750\n那么，\n\n04:57.750 --> 05:00.000\n细菌继发与炎症的风暴呢，\n\n05:00.000 --> 05:03.700\n在这个整个的病程变化中也起到了很大的作用。\n\n05:03.850 --> 05:05.299\n细菌继发性感染，\n\n05:05.399 --> 05:08.350\n当我们的呼吸道纤毛脱落以后，\n\n05:08.600 --> 05:13.549\n铜绿甲大斑菌、肺炎链球菌等常驻的细菌得以粘附，\n\n05:13.799 --> 05:18.250\n病毒诱导的一型干扰素暂时抑制巨噬细胞的吞噬，\n\n05:18.350 --> 05:20.399\n细菌会很快的繁殖。\n\n05:21.109 --> 05:21.660\n哎呀。\n\n05:22.268 --> 05:24.217\n炎症风暴的形成，\n\n05:24.467 --> 05:29.317\n细菌毒素激活了一个自然杀伤性细胞的炎性小体，\n\n05:29.567 --> 05:33.643\n包括白介六和自然杀伤细胞。\n\n05:33.643 --> 05:35.967\n阿尔法大量释放毛细血管，\n\n05:35.967 --> 05:37.018\n通透性增高，\n\n05:37.018 --> 05:38.743\n中性粒细胞有趋化，\n\n05:38.743 --> 05:40.717\n形成了肺泡的渗出液。\n\n05:41.414 --> 05:42.338\n这个时候呢，\n\n05:42.338 --> 05:44.463\n就会出现肺部的感染。\n\n05:44.664 --> 05:45.088\n那么，\n\n05:45.088 --> 05:47.213\n典型的肺炎有哪些症状呢？\n\n05:47.364 --> 05:49.364\n如果免疫调节失衡的话，\n\n05:49.414 --> 05:53.338\n炎症风暴可能会导致多肺叶的实变，\n\n05:53.338 --> 05:58.514\n临床会出现高热、铁痰、铁锈色痰以及呼吸困难。\n\n05:58.664 --> 05:59.438\n这个时候呢，\n\n05:59.438 --> 06:02.813\n就会提示已经发展为细菌性肺炎。\n\n06:03.377 --> 06:04.377\n典型的症状，\n\n06:04.828 --> 06:08.377\n那么哪些人容易得细菌性肺炎呢？\n\n06:08.578 --> 06:12.377\n首先我们是说年龄在。\n\n06:13.819 --> 06:18.069\n65岁以上或者是两岁以下的这部分弱势人群，\n\n06:18.319 --> 06:22.019\n因为他的免疫系统发育不全或者是功能衰退，\n\n06:22.218 --> 06:24.468\n容易由感冒进展为肺炎，\n\n06:24.868 --> 06:26.319\n慢性疾病的患者，\n\n06:26.319 --> 06:27.519\n像慢阻肺，\n\n06:27.919 --> 06:29.118\n心脏衰竭。\n\n06:30.220 --> 06:31.295\n糖尿病病人，\n\n06:31.295 --> 06:32.195\n这些病人呢，\n\n06:32.195 --> 06:35.170\n局部防御的蛋白糖基化的异常，\n\n06:35.369 --> 06:36.769\n免疫功能有受损。\n\n06:37.511 --> 06:38.386\n这些病人呢，\n\n06:38.386 --> 06:41.761\n也容易引起肺炎的发生。\n\n06:42.161 --> 06:44.111\n那么其他的高危因素呢，\n\n06:44.111 --> 06:48.286\n像妊娠期膈肌上抬啊，\n\n06:48.286 --> 06:53.911\n致肺下叶通气不足这种情况多发生在妊娠怀孕的人群。\n\n06:54.462 --> 06:58.511\n长期的吸烟或者是在PM2.5暴露情况下，\n\n06:58.761 --> 07:01.111\n我们的支气管纤毛会倒伏，\n\n07:01.511 --> 07:03.062\n肿瘤化疗后的病人，\n\n07:03.062 --> 07:06.136\n他也会出现中性粒细胞低于五百的情况，\n\n07:06.136 --> 07:07.712\n这个时候也是我们的高发。\n\n07:07.764 --> 07:10.264\n人群还有一个肥胖的人群，\n\n07:10.414 --> 07:14.063\n肥胖的人群会导致低通气的综合征，\n\n07:14.164 --> 07:15.713\n导致潮气量下降。\n\n07:16.014 --> 07:17.313\n这个下降的话，\n\n07:17.313 --> 07:19.514\n也是导致我们的抵抗力下降，\n\n07:19.514 --> 07:21.414\n容易并发肺炎。\n\n07:22.559 --> 07:23.160\n那么，\n\n07:23.410 --> 07:27.109\n我们怎么才能了解自己的身体状况？\n\n07:27.309 --> 07:27.684\n嗯，\n\n07:27.684 --> 07:30.959\n在感冒过以后是否容易得肺炎？\n\n07:31.059 --> 07:31.734\n这个时候呢，\n\n07:31.734 --> 07:34.309\n我们可以在家里做一个自测。\n\n07:35.467 --> 07:35.993\n首先，\n\n07:35.993 --> 07:41.018\n我们可以做一个生命体征的一分钟评估体温的测量，\n\n07:41.268 --> 07:46.618\n用指指甲式的脉氧仪监测静息血氧饱和度。\n\n07:46.817 --> 07:50.217\n如果这个时候血氧饱和度小于93%，\n\n07:50.317 --> 07:53.118\n这个时候需要警惕有低氧血症的发生。\n\n07:53.776 --> 07:54.026\n嗯。\n\n07:54.843 --> 07:57.394\n使用电子体温计测量口温，\n\n07:57.593 --> 08:01.093\n如果连续两天体温大于38°5以上，\n\n08:01.343 --> 08:06.843\n那么这个时候可以提示出来我们有炎症的可能会有加重的现象。\n\n08:08.325 --> 08:09.726\n呼吸频率的观察，\n\n08:10.425 --> 08:13.276\n我们可以观察指甲床在充盈的时间，\n\n08:13.476 --> 08:14.675\n如果大于两秒，\n\n08:14.925 --> 08:17.800\n提示循环功能可能会有异常。\n\n08:17.800 --> 08:19.726\n记录24小时的痰量，\n\n08:20.026 --> 08:22.425\n一次性的增加50ml，\n\n08:22.425 --> 08:23.976\n或者痰中带血的时候，\n\n08:23.976 --> 08:24.675\n这个时候呢，\n\n08:24.675 --> 08:25.976\n我们需要重视起来。\n\n08:28.074 --> 08:30.773\n用手机秒表测量呼吸的频率，\n\n08:31.023 --> 08:33.223\n成人如果大于22次每分，\n\n08:33.223 --> 08:34.973\n可能是呼吸功能的受损。\n\n08:36.452 --> 08:38.252\n那么其他的指标还有哪些呢？\n\n08:38.252 --> 08:38.726\n一个呢，\n\n08:38.726 --> 08:42.702\n就是我们要注意一下退烧的方法。\n\n08:43.651 --> 08:45.052\n我们在家里观察呢，\n\n08:45.052 --> 08:46.202\n会出现一些误区。\n\n08:46.802 --> 08:47.377\n一个呢，\n\n08:47.377 --> 08:49.002\n是错误的一个退烧方法。\n\n08:49.351 --> 08:52.002\n用酒精擦浴可能会导致寒颤，\n\n08:52.302 --> 08:53.851\n外周血管的收缩，\n\n08:53.952 --> 08:56.401\n反而升高了核心的温度。\n\n08:58.125 --> 08:59.726\n这是错误的退烧方法，\n\n08:59.976 --> 09:00.901\n还有一个呢，\n\n09:00.901 --> 09:03.575\n就是不恰当的止咳措施。\n\n09:04.026 --> 09:06.000\n如果自行购买的止咳糖浆，\n\n09:06.000 --> 09:08.075\n对我们的咳嗽的中枢，\n\n09:08.325 --> 09:11.075\n对我们的咳嗽反射会有抑制作用。\n\n09:11.656 --> 09:12.606\n那么痰液呢，\n\n09:12.606 --> 09:13.181\n会滞留，\n\n09:13.181 --> 09:14.455\n可能会加重感染。\n\n09:15.585 --> 09:16.585\n那么其他呢，\n\n09:16.585 --> 09:20.885\n误区包括盲目的增触造成气道化学的刺激，\n\n09:21.286 --> 09:22.385\n还有一个误汗。\n\n09:22.685 --> 09:23.810\n有些病人呢，\n\n09:23.810 --> 09:25.736\n他家里会觉得，\n\n09:25.885 --> 09:30.135\n包括家属会认为我们的多出汗可能对感冒有好处，\n\n09:30.135 --> 09:31.986\n但是捂汗会导致脱水，\n\n09:32.486 --> 09:33.310\n进一步呢，\n\n09:33.310 --> 09:35.085\n会加重电解质的紊乱。\n\n09:35.817 --> 09:37.668\n轮流服用多种退热药，\n\n09:37.668 --> 09:39.918\n可以会增加肝脏损伤的风险。\n\n09:40.607 --> 09:41.132\n这些呢，\n\n09:41.132 --> 09:44.958\n都是我们的一些平时生活上的认知的误区，\n\n09:45.658 --> 09:49.283\n那么我们怎么样才能够避开这些误区呢？\n\n09:49.283 --> 09:50.982\n那就到医院去就诊，\n\n09:50.982 --> 09:51.857\n去看医生，\n\n09:52.057 --> 09:53.807\n那么在看医生的时候呢。\n\n09:54.497 --> 09:55.723\n要及时就医，\n\n09:55.723 --> 09:57.297\n及时就医非常重要。\n\n09:57.398 --> 10:01.398\n当出现生命体征异常或者是症状加重的时候，\n\n10:01.398 --> 10:02.797\n需要立即看医生，\n\n10:02.997 --> 10:04.348\n避免延误治疗。\n\n10:04.992 --> 10:07.017\n那么到了医院去看到医生以后，\n\n10:07.017 --> 10:09.192\n可能会做一些相关项目的检查，\n\n10:09.591 --> 10:13.642\n比如最常用的是血常规、C反应蛋白的检查，\n\n10:13.642 --> 10:14.992\n还有降钙素原。\n\n10:15.492 --> 10:17.142\n如果有咳嗽很严重的话，\n\n10:17.142 --> 10:19.291\n我们可能需要做胸片，\n\n10:19.642 --> 10:20.642\n拍个胸片，\n\n10:20.841 --> 10:22.742\n甚至拍个肺CT。\n\n10:23.442 --> 10:24.117\n另外一个，\n\n10:24.117 --> 10:30.692\n我们还可以做痰的革兰氏染色与它的培养动脉血的气的等检查呢，\n\n10:30.692 --> 10:32.392\n会有助于明确的诊断。\n\n10:33.005 --> 10:33.406\n那么，\n\n10:33.406 --> 10:37.356\n我们到医院去会带哪些需要带哪些资料到医院去呢？\n\n10:37.406 --> 10:42.106\n我们要给医生看我们最近三天内的症状记录以及体温曲线。\n\n10:42.356 --> 10:45.406\n就是平时在家里把自己的体温测量过以后，\n\n10:45.505 --> 10:48.156\n就要记下来每天的一个体温。\n\n10:48.556 --> 10:49.005\n那么，\n\n10:49.005 --> 10:52.205\n以及既往有没有相关的慢性病的资料，\n\n10:52.406 --> 10:53.130\n这个时候呢，\n\n10:53.130 --> 10:55.705\n我们可以方便医生快速的诊断病情。\n\n10:56.564 --> 10:57.013\n那么，\n\n10:57.013 --> 10:58.564\n经过医生看过以后，\n\n10:58.564 --> 11:00.614\n我们的疾病可能会有好转。\n\n11:00.713 --> 11:02.263\n吃药以后会有好转。\n\n11:02.414 --> 11:02.814\n那么，\n\n11:02.814 --> 11:04.114\n在治疗过程当中，\n\n11:04.164 --> 11:06.364\n我们还要注意一些什么情况呢？\n\n11:06.414 --> 11:07.013\n首先，\n\n11:07.013 --> 11:08.914\n我们在治疗的时候啊，\n\n11:08.914 --> 11:11.614\n需要抗感染策略的原则。\n\n11:12.263 --> 11:12.713\n那么，\n\n11:12.713 --> 11:19.513\n把握抗感染是需要知道在哪一种情况下我们需要应用抗生素治疗。\n\n11:19.763 --> 11:20.189\n那么，\n\n11:20.189 --> 11:22.013\n抗生素治疗需要多长时间，\n\n11:22.314 --> 11:25.064\n以及每个个体化它有什么区别。\n\n11:25.697 --> 11:26.223\n首先，\n\n11:26.223 --> 11:28.398\n我们看看高抗菌药物的使用。\n\n11:28.598 --> 11:30.072\n病毒性肺炎的话，\n\n11:30.072 --> 11:32.947\n它是无需做广谱抗生素治疗的，\n\n11:33.098 --> 11:37.247\n除非合并有浓痰、降钙素、降钙素原的升高。\n\n11:37.648 --> 11:38.822\n细菌性肺炎呢，\n\n11:38.822 --> 11:42.598\n需要根据病原选择合适的抗菌药物。\n\n11:43.338 --> 11:43.663\n那么，\n\n11:43.663 --> 11:45.263\n抗菌药物治疗多长时间呢？\n\n11:45.263 --> 11:47.138\n一般的是在5.7天。\n\n11:47.487 --> 11:50.538\n如果肺脓肿或者是菌血症严重的话，\n\n11:50.538 --> 11:51.987\n可以延长到10天。\n\n11:52.638 --> 11:55.388\n足剂量足疗程的用药很重要。\n\n11:56.122 --> 11:56.747\n这样的话，\n\n11:56.747 --> 12:00.021\n可以避免中途停药所导致的病情复发。\n\n12:01.372 --> 12:02.096\n除此以外，\n\n12:02.096 --> 12:04.971\n我们还要根据患者的个体化的特点，\n\n12:05.021 --> 12:07.171\n医生会根据患者的肝肾功能啊，\n\n12:07.221 --> 12:11.122\n还有他有没有相关的过敏史进行个体化的给药。\n\n12:11.744 --> 12:12.193\n患者，\n\n12:12.193 --> 12:14.744\n千万不要自行的换药或者是减量。\n\n12:16.797 --> 12:18.898\n那么下面我们来看一看。\n\n12:20.765 --> 12:22.489\n呼吸康复就是说，\n\n12:22.489 --> 12:26.690\n我们如果长期反复的感冒不好，\n\n12:26.739 --> 12:28.940\n或者是有反复的咳嗽，\n\n12:29.140 --> 12:31.690\n这个时候或者是甚至发展成肺炎，\n\n12:31.840 --> 12:32.789\n那么这个时候呢，\n\n12:32.789 --> 12:34.739\n我们要需要做一个康复治疗。\n\n12:34.940 --> 12:36.340\n康复治疗的话，\n\n12:36.340 --> 12:40.289\n就是首先是一个我们讲究用的一个三步法，\n\n12:40.690 --> 12:43.090\n第一步是缩唇腹式呼吸，\n\n12:43.440 --> 12:46.140\n延长呼气时间至吸气的两倍，\n\n12:46.340 --> 12:48.090\n降低肺内的残气，\n\n12:48.140 --> 12:48.664\n这呢，\n\n12:48.664 --> 12:50.590\n有助于改善呼吸的功能。\n\n12:51.539 --> 12:52.440\n第二步呢，\n\n12:52.440 --> 12:53.640\n是体位的引流，\n\n12:53.840 --> 12:54.840\n每天两次，\n\n12:55.190 --> 12:58.390\n做头低脚高的这个动作。\n\n12:58.489 --> 12:59.590\n那么高多少呢？\n\n12:59.590 --> 13:01.140\n大概在15°左右。\n\n13:01.828 --> 13:03.403\n轻轻的拍背部，\n\n13:03.403 --> 13:04.427\n协助排痰，\n\n13:04.578 --> 13:06.078\n促进痰液的排出。\n\n13:06.528 --> 13:07.153\n另外呢，\n\n13:07.153 --> 13:11.052\n我们还要做一个500步有氧运动，\n\n13:11.052 --> 13:12.728\n渐进性的有氧运动，\n\n13:12.978 --> 13:14.177\n可以慢步走。\n\n13:15.031 --> 13:15.281\n嗯，\n\n13:15.331 --> 13:17.132\n可以像散步一样，\n\n13:17.182 --> 13:17.531\n嗯，\n\n13:17.531 --> 13:18.981\n从500步开始，\n\n13:19.632 --> 13:21.731\n每天可以增加100步，\n\n13:21.932 --> 13:22.956\n目标心率呢，\n\n13:22.956 --> 13:24.882\n达到年龄预测值的6成。\n\n13:24.981 --> 13:25.856\n这样的话呢，\n\n13:25.856 --> 13:27.831\n我们可以促进肺泡的修复。\n\n13:28.856 --> 13:30.080\n那今天呢，\n\n13:30.080 --> 13:37.755\n我们主要就是说了一些感冒和预防感冒它的进展的一个一个注意事项。\n\n13:37.906 --> 13:39.205\n那么总结下来呢，\n\n13:39.205 --> 13:42.681\n就是首先我们要在预防感冒。\n\n13:42.681 --> 13:44.205\n预防感冒非常重要，\n\n13:44.306 --> 13:47.455\n就是在平时增加抵抗力。\n\n13:47.556 --> 13:48.931\n在平时呢，\n\n13:48.931 --> 13:53.156\n我们就注意身体的锻炼啊，\n\n13:53.556 --> 13:54.681\n叫管住嘴，\n\n13:54.681 --> 13:55.406\n迈开腿，\n\n13:55.505 --> 13:56.130\n这样的话，\n\n13:56.130 --> 13:57.806\n提高我们的免疫力。\n\n13:57.906 --> 13:59.005\n那么我们免疫。\n\n13:59.075 --> 13:59.926\n提高了的话呢，\n\n13:59.926 --> 14:03.226\n就在病毒与免疫的拉锯战过程当中，\n\n14:03.375 --> 14:06.176\n我们的身体会启动一个自限性，\n\n14:06.325 --> 14:08.226\n会启动一个自我保护机制。\n\n14:08.426 --> 14:08.801\n那么，\n\n14:08.801 --> 14:09.575\n预防感冒，\n\n14:09.875 --> 14:11.426\n预防感冒非常重要。\n\n14:11.476 --> 14:12.926\n当我们，\n\n14:13.526 --> 14:18.075\n如果天气变化或者是抵抗力下降出现了感冒症状的时候，\n\n14:18.075 --> 14:18.801\n这个时候呢，\n\n14:18.801 --> 14:22.476\n我们就要需要做一个自我保护，\n\n14:22.575 --> 14:25.875\n包括改变一下我们的生活环境。\n\n14:26.276 --> 14:27.950\n你经常开窗通风，\n\n14:27.950 --> 14:28.976\n不要老是。\n\n14:29.614 --> 14:31.890\n就是处在密闭的空间里边，\n\n14:32.039 --> 14:32.664\n另外呢，\n\n14:32.664 --> 14:33.890\n就是减少熬夜，\n\n14:34.140 --> 14:36.739\n多吃一些清淡的饮食啊，\n\n14:36.789 --> 14:38.289\n要低盐低脂的饮食，\n\n14:38.289 --> 14:39.114\n这样的话呢，\n\n14:39.114 --> 14:40.989\n也帮助我们的身体的恢复，\n\n14:41.289 --> 14:41.989\n另外一个呢，\n\n14:41.989 --> 14:42.690\n就是我们要。\n\n14:43.276 --> 14:48.825\n自我监测判断一下我们目前的所处的疾病的阶段，\n\n14:49.026 --> 14:53.325\n那么如果出现经常看看自己的鼻涕的颜色呀，\n\n14:53.476 --> 14:55.276\n然后咳嗽是不是加重啊，\n\n14:55.276 --> 14:56.476\n一天咳多长时间，\n\n14:56.726 --> 14:58.426\n那么咳的痰的颜色。\n\n14:58.825 --> 14:59.301\n另外，\n\n14:59.301 --> 15:01.125\n我们还要监测我们的体温，\n\n15:01.375 --> 15:01.776\n嗯，\n\n15:01.875 --> 15:03.625\n是不是有体温升高，\n\n15:03.776 --> 15:04.801\n有没有发热，\n\n15:04.801 --> 15:05.851\n发热多少度，\n\n15:05.851 --> 15:06.776\n把它记下来。\n\n15:06.976 --> 15:09.825\n那么看监测一下我们的体温曲线的变化。\n\n15:10.276 --> 15:11.000\n另外一个呢，\n\n15:11.000 --> 15:12.601\n就是我们要注意的休息，\n\n15:12.601 --> 15:13.375\n千万不能。\n\n15:13.961 --> 15:16.387\n硬扛如果说，\n\n15:16.387 --> 15:17.950\n出现感冒症状了，\n\n15:17.950 --> 15:19.086\n然后免疫力下降了，\n\n15:19.086 --> 15:20.461\n这个时候我们要赶紧休息，\n\n15:20.611 --> 15:23.062\n不能坚持继续工作啊，\n\n15:23.062 --> 15:24.461\n或者是熬夜呀。\n\n15:24.461 --> 15:25.161\n像这种，\n\n15:25.262 --> 15:25.887\n另外呢，\n\n15:25.887 --> 15:27.762\n就是我们要预防啊，\n\n15:28.411 --> 15:30.562\n坚守住我们的呼吸道防线，\n\n15:30.711 --> 15:32.461\n预防肺炎的发生。\n\n15:32.461 --> 15:33.786\n当感冒的时候，\n\n15:33.786 --> 15:37.161\n我们一定要注意我们的粘膜上皮有没有被破坏呀，\n\n15:37.461 --> 15:41.211\n就是咳嗽的是不是有痰咳不出啊，\n\n15:41.262 --> 15:43.461\n然后如果纤毛功能受损的话。\n\n15:43.607 --> 15:47.232\n我们就会出现一些气管啊，\n\n15:47.232 --> 15:51.257\n气管的一个呼吸的痰不易开出不易咳出来，\n\n15:51.357 --> 15:53.408\n然后就要保暖。\n\n15:53.757 --> 15:57.682\n然后特别是细菌继发性的感染啊，\n\n15:57.682 --> 16:00.757\n出现细菌感染严重的时候，\n\n16:00.757 --> 16:02.283\n我们痰不易咳出的时候，\n\n16:02.283 --> 16:05.208\n这时候我们要做一个康复治疗，\n\n16:05.257 --> 16:06.583\n然后要经常去看，\n\n16:06.583 --> 16:08.908\n要去就要主动的去看医生，\n\n16:09.057 --> 16:10.607\n不能拖对于，\n\n16:10.607 --> 16:13.507\n特别是对于我们65岁以上和两岁以下的人群。\n\n16:13.820 --> 16:16.219\n我们要特别注意她的病情变化，\n\n16:16.320 --> 16:18.270\n还有就是妊娠期的孕妇，\n\n16:18.520 --> 16:24.494\n我们肿瘤化疗期间的这些弱势病人体免疫力下降的那些病人，\n\n16:24.494 --> 16:28.770\n我们更要注意他的身体的状况啊。\n\n16:28.869 --> 16:29.520\n好了，\n\n16:29.520 --> 16:31.869\n那我们今天的。\n\n16:32.963 --> 16:34.138\n今天的，\n\n16:34.138 --> 16:35.689\n就说到这么多啊，\n\n16:35.689 --> 16:36.814\n祝大家健康，\n\n16:36.864 --> 16:38.064\n注意感冒啊。\n\n16:39.026 --> 16:39.426\n嗯。\n\n","v0d47cg10004d76bo4qljht12l7u1rng",1016,517,"2026-01-26 12:46:18","视频-1.mp4 - 高清视频下载与在线观看  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