[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$f2dF2kZWhLgOzDh3QsODvqinqn8LvtW2optkZsn2jcCA":8,"$fa_Uzj0MrioUogHCM76iJ6AMCccEhlMFpclK5qpdwkFM":59,"$f6ulDeclrWHCNQZ1AMzcC70czBZWMsJtS-i1tziiifHA":60,"$fM6AXNT-a2hnMiakz16R18dOK_1aB9iWKBtyTzYPB3XU":64},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":58},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"specialistId":13,"specialistAssistants":14,"profilePhoto":15,"specialistName":16,"roleType":17,"adept":18,"hospital":19,"department":20,"postsTitle":21,"materialTotal":17,"videoTotal":22,"isConcern":7,"title":23,"coverVertical":24,"coverAcross":25,"directionMarker":26,"description":27,"vid":28,"time":29,"mediaType":26,"views":30,"likes":17,"isThumbsUp":7,"isCollection":7,"collections":17,"createTime":31,"seoTitle":32,"seoKeywords":33,"seoDescription":34,"shelvesTime":35,"menus":36,"menuId":38,"type":22,"quality":55,"commentCount":17,"isComment":26,"deviceType":56,"url":57},11031,871765,[],"https://yst.tos-cn-shanghai.volces.com/venue%2Fundefined%2F2025-12-16-16%3A11%3A04%2F76060049-1dff-40f7-88f3-c646c1d87a63.png","陈荣荣",0,"呼吸内科常见疾病治疗","上海市浦东新区浦南医院","呼吸内科","主治医师",2,"呼吸系统疾病","","https://cdn.yishi-tong.com/console/3/YayvFOcKgvYl4IXTw4C9O0JaEOnA_Ler.png",1,"WEBVTT\n\n00:00.695 --> 00:01.044\n嗯，\n\n00:01.044 --> 00:02.295\n各位病友大家好，\n\n00:02.645 --> 00:02.994\n嗯，\n\n00:02.994 --> 00:05.945\n我是浦南呼吸浦南医院呼吸科的陈医生。\n\n00:06.094 --> 00:09.194\n今天跟大家来做一下呼吸系统疾病的介绍，\n\n00:09.694 --> 00:10.095\n嗯。\n\n00:12.074 --> 00:15.750\n今天将从以下四个部分给大家来介绍一下。\n\n00:15.750 --> 00:20.825\n首先我们来看一下呼吸系统的解剖和生理特点。\n\n00:22.224 --> 00:22.323\n嗯，\n\n00:22.323 --> 00:24.374\n呼吸系统疾病的话，\n\n00:24.374 --> 00:25.374\n目前是我国。\n\n00:26.204 --> 00:33.404\n最常见的疾病呼吸系统疾病的死亡率在全国占据第一到四位，\n\n00:34.205 --> 00:37.830\n疾病负担的话成为第三位。\n\n00:37.830 --> 00:42.880\n目前是我国最为突出的公共医疗卫生之一。\n\n00:42.880 --> 00:44.529\n慢性阻塞性肺病的话，\n\n00:44.529 --> 00:47.205\n是WHO定义的四大慢病之一。\n\n00:47.555 --> 00:47.904\n嗯，\n\n00:47.904 --> 00:56.104\n新发呼吸新发新发突发呼吸传染病的公共卫生事件构成了重大影响。\n\n00:56.486 --> 00:56.712\n嗯，\n\n00:56.712 --> 00:58.762\n比如新冠肺癌，\n\n00:58.762 --> 01:04.086\n另外肺癌的话是肺癌在我国肿瘤中是排名第一的。\n\n01:04.387 --> 01:04.711\n嗯，\n\n01:04.711 --> 01:07.336\n肺结核也是我国排名第一的传染病。\n\n01:07.637 --> 01:07.961\n嗯，\n\n01:07.961 --> 01:09.637\n另外尘肺的话，\n\n01:09.637 --> 01:11.387\n占职业病的90%。\n\n01:11.787 --> 01:12.311\n因此，\n\n01:12.311 --> 01:15.287\n呼吸系统疾病是我国第一大慢性疾病。\n\n01:15.537 --> 01:15.936\n嗯，\n\n01:15.986 --> 01:21.686\n发病率、患病率、死亡率和病死率以及疾病的负担都比较大，\n\n01:21.887 --> 01:26.436\n对我国健对我国人民健康构成了最大的威胁。\n\n01:26.483 --> 01:26.682\n嗯。\n\n01:31.504 --> 01:34.980\n我国呼吸系统疾病防治的形式的话啊，\n\n01:34.980 --> 01:36.404\n主要是加强呼吸。\n\n01:37.337 --> 01:39.788\n学科体系与能力的建设，\n\n01:40.337 --> 01:42.938\n嗯大概分为以下三个阶段。\n\n01:42.938 --> 01:44.163\n第一个阶段的话，\n\n01:44.163 --> 01:47.563\n是20世纪50年代到60年代啊，\n\n01:47.563 --> 01:48.487\n该病的，\n\n01:48.487 --> 01:51.938\n该阶段话是以结核病防治为主要工作内容。\n\n01:52.188 --> 01:52.538\n嗯，\n\n01:52.538 --> 01:53.513\n第二阶段的话，\n\n01:53.513 --> 01:55.638\n是20世纪70.90年代，\n\n01:55.837 --> 01:57.663\n以呼吸四病，\n\n01:57.663 --> 02:01.138\n肺源性心脏病为防治为主要工作内容。\n\n02:04.342 --> 02:07.291\n是中国呼吸学科发展的重要时期，\n\n02:07.641 --> 02:07.967\n嗯，\n\n02:07.967 --> 02:12.992\n肺功能检查、血气支气管镜检查都是这个时期发展起来的。\n\n02:13.192 --> 02:14.391\n第三个阶段的话，\n\n02:14.391 --> 02:19.242\n是从20世纪90年代以后到现在是现代呼吸病学阶段，\n\n02:19.492 --> 02:19.841\n嗯，\n\n02:19.841 --> 02:22.492\n呼吸病学各领域全面开展工作。\n\n02:24.117 --> 02:25.867\n呼吸系统结构的特点的话，\n\n02:25.867 --> 02:28.367\n它是包括上呼吸道和下呼吸道。\n\n02:28.516 --> 02:33.167\n上呼吸道主要包括鼻咽、鼻腔咽和喉部。\n\n02:33.516 --> 02:33.841\n嗯，\n\n02:33.841 --> 02:34.942\n下呼吸道的话，\n\n02:34.942 --> 02:37.266\n它是包括气管和支气管。\n\n02:38.804 --> 02:39.154\n嗯，\n\n02:39.154 --> 02:43.304\n呼吸系统的结构特点主要是传导气道和呼吸。\n\n02:43.554 --> 02:45.304\n呼吸区传导气道的话，\n\n02:45.304 --> 02:48.703\n主要是气管支气管以及周末支气管。\n\n02:48.703 --> 02:49.654\n呼吸区的话，\n\n02:49.654 --> 02:52.604\n主要是呼吸性细支气管肺泡肺泡囊，\n\n02:52.804 --> 02:56.203\n它主要是用来进行气体交换的区域。\n\n02:57.404 --> 02:59.279\n呼吸系统结构的特点的话，\n\n02:59.279 --> 03:00.953\n主要是呼吸面积比较大，\n\n03:01.453 --> 03:01.854\n嗯，\n\n03:01.904 --> 03:03.779\n成正常成人的话，\n\n03:03.779 --> 03:06.654\n呼吸面积大约一百平米。\n\n03:06.953 --> 03:07.304\n嗯，\n\n03:07.304 --> 03:08.804\n每天的话基本上有。\n\n03:09.104 --> 03:10.229\n100L的气体流动，\n\n03:10.479 --> 03:10.854\n嗯，\n\n03:10.854 --> 03:12.128\n这也是，\n\n03:12.179 --> 03:13.429\n肺重要的，\n\n03:13.578 --> 03:13.979\n嗯，\n\n03:14.128 --> 03:15.779\n作用就是气体交换。\n\n03:16.910 --> 03:17.735\n那另外的话，\n\n03:17.735 --> 03:19.860\n肺它有特殊的防御功能，\n\n03:20.110 --> 03:25.811\n以抵御外来的各种微生物、蛋白质病原或者是有害气体进入肺内。\n\n03:26.210 --> 03:26.610\n嗯，\n\n03:27.061 --> 03:37.860\n肺的吞噬物理防御的话，\n\n03:37.860 --> 03:39.011\n主要是，\n\n03:39.011 --> 03:40.585\n我们的鼻部啊，\n\n03:40.585 --> 03:44.660\n鼻毛对空气的加温或者鼻纤毛的过滤，\n\n03:44.910 --> 03:47.210\n另外就是咳嗽以及支气管。\n\n03:47.888 --> 03:49.138\n纤毛的运动。\n\n03:50.143 --> 03:51.117\n化学防御的话，\n\n03:51.117 --> 03:54.492\n主要是溶菌酶、乳铁蛋白蛋白酶抑制剂。\n\n03:55.442 --> 03:55.843\n嗯，\n\n03:56.093 --> 03:58.042\n细胞吞噬的话，\n\n03:58.042 --> 04:01.542\n主要是肺巨噬细胞以及多形细胞。\n\n04:01.792 --> 04:02.643\n免疫的话，\n\n04:02.643 --> 04:09.192\n主要是B细胞分泌的IGGIGAIGM以及T淋巴细胞免疫反应。\n\n04:11.373 --> 04:12.324\n代谢的话，\n\n04:12.324 --> 04:15.274\n主要是某些生理活性物质、脂质、蛋白质。\n\n04:15.574 --> 04:17.223\n神经内分泌功能的话，\n\n04:17.223 --> 04:18.723\n主要是，\n\n04:19.174 --> 04:24.574\n起源于肺组织内某某些具有特殊功能细胞的恶性或良性肿瘤，\n\n04:24.723 --> 04:27.473\n表现为异位神经内分泌功能。\n\n04:27.674 --> 04:28.023\n嗯，\n\n04:28.023 --> 04:30.049\n比如小细胞肺癌的时候，\n\n04:30.049 --> 04:32.623\n可以引起肥大性骨关节炎，\n\n04:32.623 --> 04:33.773\n皮质醇增多症。\n\n04:35.953 --> 04:37.803\n呼吸系统的结构特点的话，\n\n04:37.803 --> 04:39.678\n就是肺部血液循环的话，\n\n04:39.678 --> 04:42.602\n它是低压、低阻和高容的特点。\n\n04:43.002 --> 04:43.553\n另外，\n\n04:43.553 --> 04:45.303\n肺部有两套血液供应，\n\n04:45.403 --> 04:46.903\n肺循环和体循环。\n\n04:48.639 --> 04:49.489\n它的特点是，\n\n04:49.739 --> 04:50.139\n嗯，\n\n04:50.389 --> 04:55.188\n易发生肺脓肿、肺血栓栓塞以及转移的肿瘤。\n\n04:55.188 --> 04:55.813\n转移的话，\n\n04:55.813 --> 04:57.438\n易到易转移到肺部。\n\n04:57.639 --> 04:58.188\n另外，\n\n04:58.188 --> 05:01.239\n肺的疾病易向全身扩散啊。\n\n05:01.239 --> 05:01.664\n第三，\n\n05:01.664 --> 05:05.438\n全身性疾病、肾脏疾病及血液疾病均可累及肺部。\n\n05:08.084 --> 05:10.533\n呼吸系统的特点的话，\n\n05:10.533 --> 05:12.433\n结构特点主要分为三类，\n\n05:12.433 --> 05:14.984\n第一个气流受限性疾病，\n\n05:14.984 --> 05:15.384\n第二，\n\n05:15.384 --> 05:17.459\n限制性通气功能障碍性疾病，\n\n05:17.459 --> 05:19.084\n第三是肺血管疾病。\n\n05:19.484 --> 05:19.884\n嗯，\n\n05:20.134 --> 05:25.658\n肺部感染和肺部肿瘤作为两大原因可以影响到呼吸系统，\n\n05:25.658 --> 05:26.709\n导致，\n\n05:26.709 --> 05:27.584\n各类疾病。\n\n05:28.938 --> 05:32.963\n各种疾病的进展最终可以导致呼吸衰竭啊，\n\n05:32.963 --> 05:34.188\n患者导致死亡。\n\n05:34.588 --> 05:34.938\n嗯，\n\n05:34.938 --> 05:40.139\n呼吸系统的常见症状主要是咳嗽、咳痰、咯血、呼吸困难和胸痛。\n\n05:40.889 --> 05:41.239\n嗯，\n\n05:41.239 --> 05:42.139\n咳嗽的话，\n\n05:42.338 --> 05:42.688\n嗯，\n\n05:42.688 --> 05:45.938\n急性发作的时候主要表现为刺激性的干咳。\n\n05:46.139 --> 05:48.838\n患者常伴有发热，\n\n05:49.389 --> 05:54.139\n嗓音嗓子痛声音嘶哑。\n\n05:58.144 --> 05:58.470\n嗯，\n\n05:58.470 --> 06:01.644\n有如果有炎症累及胸膜的话，\n\n06:01.644 --> 06:03.894\n患者可能伴有胸痛。\n\n06:04.394 --> 06:04.744\n因此，\n\n06:04.744 --> 06:05.894\n对于胸痛的话，\n\n06:05.894 --> 06:08.769\n你尽量及早就诊啊。\n\n06:08.769 --> 06:09.195\n另外，\n\n06:09.195 --> 06:12.920\n常年咳嗽或者是秋冬季节加重的话，\n\n06:12.920 --> 06:14.394\n多提示是慢阻肺。\n\n06:14.695 --> 06:15.045\n嗯，\n\n06:15.045 --> 06:18.845\n发作性干咳并且是夜间咳嗽症状厉害的话，\n\n06:19.095 --> 06:19.494\n嗯，\n\n06:19.845 --> 06:22.744\n考虑会不会是有咳嗽变异性哮喘。\n\n06:23.095 --> 06:23.445\n嗯，\n\n06:23.445 --> 06:26.095\n另外高亢的干咳伴有呼吸。\n\n06:26.131 --> 06:26.455\n困难，\n\n06:26.455 --> 06:30.381\n可能是支气管肺癌累积到大气道，\n\n06:30.381 --> 06:31.531\n导致气道狭窄。\n\n06:32.626 --> 06:35.226\n持续而加重的刺激性干咳，\n\n06:35.226 --> 06:36.476\n伴有气促的话，\n\n06:36.626 --> 06:40.425\n考虑是否是有哮喘或者是特发性肺纤维化等。\n\n06:42.541 --> 06:43.291\n咳痰，\n\n06:43.492 --> 06:47.492\n痰的性质和量对气味对我们的诊断也有一定的帮助。\n\n06:47.742 --> 06:51.316\n白色泡沫痰或粘液痰转为脓性的时候，\n\n06:51.316 --> 06:53.242\n多提示是有细菌性感染，\n\n06:53.492 --> 06:54.566\n黄脓痰的话，\n\n06:54.566 --> 06:57.092\n常见于肺脓肿或支气管扩张患者。\n\n06:57.723 --> 07:01.123\n铁秋舌痰可能是肺炎链球菌感染导致，\n\n07:01.123 --> 07:02.324\n胶冻样痰的话，\n\n07:02.324 --> 07:04.174\n可能是肺感染导致。\n\n07:04.623 --> 07:06.523\n如果痰液有浓味，\n\n07:06.674 --> 07:12.273\n那可能是否是由肺脓肿或者是大肠癌细菌感染所致。\n\n07:12.424 --> 07:13.848\n果酱样的痰的话，\n\n07:13.848 --> 07:17.023\n一般是肺血吸血吸虫病导致。\n\n07:17.979 --> 07:20.628\n如果患者咳粉红色泡沫痰，\n\n07:20.778 --> 07:25.928\n那这个时候是不是考虑是否有肺水肿或者是心衰所致？\n\n07:28.128 --> 07:28.479\n嗯，\n\n07:28.479 --> 07:33.878\n主要是肺结核、肺癌或者是二尖瓣狭窄的时候都会有咯血的。\n\n07:34.807 --> 07:35.356\n另外，\n\n07:35.557 --> 07:35.856\n嗯，\n\n07:35.856 --> 07:37.006\n肺栓塞的时候，\n\n07:37.157 --> 07:37.481\n嗯，\n\n07:37.481 --> 07:39.682\n患者也是有咯血的啊。\n\n07:39.682 --> 07:40.057\n另外，\n\n07:40.057 --> 07:40.981\n咯血的话，\n\n07:40.981 --> 07:43.006\n我们还要看颜色。\n\n07:43.006 --> 07:44.832\n咯血如果是鲜红色的话，\n\n07:44.832 --> 07:46.981\n一般考虑是动脉出血。\n\n07:46.981 --> 07:48.332\n如果是静脉出血的话，\n\n07:48.332 --> 07:50.356\n一般都是暗红色的血液。\n\n07:51.356 --> 07:52.606\n呼吸困难的话，\n\n07:52.707 --> 07:56.756\n可以表现为呼吸频率、深度以及节律等方面的改变。\n\n07:57.006 --> 07:58.381\n按照发作的快慢，\n\n07:58.381 --> 08:02.957\n可以分为急性、慢性和反复发作性突发的胸痛的话，\n\n08:03.057 --> 08:04.657\n首先要考虑气胸。\n\n08:05.118 --> 08:06.144\n如果伴有咯血，\n\n08:06.144 --> 08:07.419\n应警惕肺梗死，\n\n08:07.819 --> 08:10.169\n夜间发作性端坐呼吸困难，\n\n08:10.319 --> 08:14.218\n考虑是否是左心衰或者是支气管哮喘的急性发作。\n\n08:14.868 --> 08:15.218\n嗯，\n\n08:15.218 --> 08:20.019\n如果呼吸困难有数在数日或数周内出现的话，\n\n08:20.118 --> 08:22.218\n逐渐加重的呼吸困难，\n\n08:22.218 --> 08:24.269\n伴有一侧的胸闷的话，\n\n08:24.468 --> 08:24.868\n嗯，\n\n08:25.169 --> 08:28.319\n那这个时候就要提防是否是有胸腔积液。\n\n08:29.455 --> 08:32.356\n慢性咳嗽进行性加重的话，\n\n08:32.455 --> 08:35.205\n多见于慢阻肺和特发性肺纤维化。\n\n08:35.705 --> 08:36.031\n嗯，\n\n08:36.031 --> 08:37.156\n呼吸困难的话，\n\n08:37.156 --> 08:39.005\n主要是发作性，\n\n08:39.356 --> 08:40.455\n呼吸困难。\n\n08:40.806 --> 08:41.156\n嗯，\n\n08:41.156 --> 08:43.205\n如果伴有大量的哮鸣音的话，\n\n08:43.306 --> 08:45.056\n主要见于支气管哮喘。\n\n08:45.306 --> 08:45.656\n嗯，\n\n08:45.656 --> 08:51.455\n在分析呼吸困难时还应该注意是吸气性的还是呼气性的呼吸困难。\n\n08:52.260 --> 08:54.010\n吸气性的呼吸困难的话，\n\n08:54.109 --> 08:56.010\n主要见于大气道狭窄，\n\n08:56.159 --> 09:01.359\n喉头水肿或者是气道有炎症导致气道狭窄，\n\n09:01.609 --> 09:01.934\n嗯，\n\n09:01.934 --> 09:04.859\n常见于肿瘤或者是异物堵塞，\n\n09:05.359 --> 09:05.760\n嗯。\n\n09:06.927 --> 09:08.577\n呼气性的呼吸困难的话，\n\n09:08.577 --> 09:13.226\n主要见于支气管哮喘、慢支肺气肿啊、慢阻肺等疾病。\n\n09:13.526 --> 09:13.927\n嗯，\n\n09:13.976 --> 09:17.226\n患者如果有大量气胸、大量胸腔积液的话，\n\n09:17.427 --> 09:19.226\n表现为呼吸困难，\n\n09:19.226 --> 09:21.127\n但主要是混合性的。\n\n09:22.405 --> 09:24.054\n一般是以限制性的为主。\n\n09:25.216 --> 09:25.367\n嗯，\n\n09:25.367 --> 09:25.867\n胸痛。\n\n09:26.117 --> 09:26.466\n嗯，\n\n09:26.466 --> 09:27.367\n胸痛的话，\n\n09:27.567 --> 09:27.966\n嗯，\n\n09:28.166 --> 09:33.867\n胸部外伤、肺炎、肺部肿瘤、胸膜炎都可能导致胸痛。\n\n09:37.072 --> 09:37.322\n嗯，\n\n09:37.572 --> 09:38.973\n胸壁，\n\n09:39.023 --> 09:39.848\n胸痛的话，\n\n09:39.848 --> 09:41.273\n按发生的部位，\n\n09:41.473 --> 09:41.872\n嗯，\n\n09:42.223 --> 09:44.922\n如果是胸痛的位置比较浅表的话，\n\n09:45.072 --> 09:47.672\n那考虑有可能是肋间神经炎。\n\n09:47.922 --> 09:52.023\n但肋软骨炎或者是有些患者有疱疹的时候，\n\n09:52.223 --> 09:55.547\n在前期就是疱疹还没发出来的时候，\n\n09:55.547 --> 09:58.072\n可能也会表现为局部的疼痛。\n\n09:58.473 --> 09:58.872\n嗯，\n\n09:59.122 --> 10:01.672\n如果患者是肋骨后发作的，\n\n10:01.672 --> 10:03.023\n或者是，\n\n10:03.523 --> 10:05.322\n在左侧胸壁的疼痛，\n\n10:05.322 --> 10:07.172\n那要考虑心梗。\n\n10:07.429 --> 10:10.429\n或者是心绞痛导致。\n\n10:11.864 --> 10:12.065\n嗯。\n\n10:13.517 --> 10:13.666\n嗯，\n\n10:13.666 --> 10:14.341\n另外的话，\n\n10:14.341 --> 10:16.166\n胆囊炎也会导致胸痛。\n\n10:16.517 --> 10:16.892\n嗯，\n\n10:16.892 --> 10:18.416\n体征肺部体征的话，\n\n10:18.416 --> 10:22.567\n不同的疾病或者是不同的节疾病的阶不同阶段，\n\n10:22.567 --> 10:23.916\n也会有不同的体征。\n\n10:24.216 --> 10:24.541\n嗯，\n\n10:24.541 --> 10:27.892\n支气管病变以下主要是以干湿性啰音为主。\n\n10:27.892 --> 10:29.117\n肺部炎症的话，\n\n10:29.317 --> 10:33.716\n可以有呼吸性呼吸音性质音调强度的改变。\n\n10:33.916 --> 10:35.517\n大面积炎症的时候，\n\n10:35.567 --> 10:36.591\n肺部可以变，\n\n10:36.591 --> 10:39.067\n可以可以见肺部实变体征。\n\n10:39.867 --> 10:42.466\n肺纤维化的时候可以听到特征性的。\n\n10:43.866 --> 10:43.940\n嗯，\n\n10:43.940 --> 10:49.265\n胸膜炎的时候可以感受到胸膜摩擦感以及胸膜摩擦音。\n\n10:49.616 --> 10:49.966\n嗯，\n\n10:49.966 --> 10:53.166\n当出现气胸、胸腔积液和肺不张的时候，\n\n10:53.366 --> 10:53.765\n嗯，\n\n10:54.015 --> 10:58.015\n查体我们可以看到气管移位和患侧的呼吸音消失。\n\n10:59.656 --> 11:00.731\n另外在，\n\n11:00.781 --> 11:03.932\n患者如果有肺癌或支扩的时候，\n\n11:04.182 --> 11:06.981\n嗯有些病人可以表现为杵状指。\n\n11:08.632 --> 11:09.007\n嗯，\n\n11:09.007 --> 11:10.682\n实验室检查，\n\n11:10.682 --> 11:12.132\n第一个是血液检查。\n\n11:12.481 --> 11:12.831\n嗯，\n\n11:12.831 --> 11:13.882\n血液检查的话，\n\n11:13.882 --> 11:17.981\n它可以提示病因提示患者的严重程，\n\n11:17.981 --> 11:18.257\n嗯，\n\n11:18.257 --> 11:21.531\n肺炎或者是炎症各指标的情况。\n\n11:21.932 --> 11:22.281\n嗯，\n\n11:22.281 --> 11:24.981\n常最常见的是血常规检查，\n\n11:25.132 --> 11:27.356\n血沉C血蛋白，\n\n11:27.356 --> 11:29.331\n这些都是一些非特异性的炎症。\n\n11:29.465 --> 11:30.315\n指标啊，\n\n11:30.315 --> 11:31.164\n如果患者。\n\n11:32.481 --> 11:32.880\n嗯。\n\n11:33.844 --> 11:34.669\n白细胞增高，\n\n11:34.669 --> 11:35.820\n中性粒细胞增高，\n\n11:35.820 --> 11:36.494\n增高的话，\n\n11:36.494 --> 11:38.145\n多提示是细菌性感染。\n\n11:38.494 --> 11:38.844\n嗯，\n\n11:38.844 --> 11:39.695\n另外的话，\n\n11:39.945 --> 11:40.270\n嗯，\n\n11:40.270 --> 11:46.744\n非感染性的标志物主要包括免疫球蛋白、结缔组织病相关性的抗体、肿瘤标志物等。\n\n11:47.195 --> 11:47.544\n嗯，\n\n11:47.544 --> 11:48.669\n怀疑感染的话，\n\n11:48.669 --> 11:54.119\n另外要进行血培养、P检测、外菌剂实验和G实验，\n\n11:54.119 --> 11:57.544\n可以用来区分真菌曲霉或者是细菌的检查。\n\n11:58.848 --> 11:59.265\n另外，\n\n11:59.265 --> 12:02.148\n还可以检针对各种病原体，\n\n12:02.499 --> 12:04.973\n监测血清中的抗体啊。\n\n12:04.973 --> 12:05.648\n另外，\n\n12:05.648 --> 12:06.249\nPCT的话，\n\n12:06.448 --> 12:06.848\n嗯，\n\n12:06.898 --> 12:10.198\n也可以用来区分细菌、真菌或寄生虫感染。\n\n12:11.416 --> 12:12.716\n那另外T细胞的话，\n\n12:12.716 --> 12:16.416\n可以检测结核分枝杆菌感染。\n\n12:18.127 --> 12:18.302\n嗯，\n\n12:18.302 --> 12:19.526\n对于哮喘患者，\n\n12:19.526 --> 12:21.177\n可以进行PPT，\n\n12:21.177 --> 12:23.177\n皮肤过敏原实验啊。\n\n12:23.177 --> 12:23.877\n另外的话，\n\n12:23.877 --> 12:25.252\n就是影像学检查，\n\n12:25.252 --> 12:27.302\n主要包括胸部，\n\n12:27.302 --> 12:31.327\nX线胸部CT或者是肺血管造影。\n\n12:35.325 --> 12:35.424\n嗯，\n\n12:35.424 --> 12:36.575\n对于肺癌的患者，\n\n12:36.575 --> 12:39.375\n我们还可以进行拍的CT来检查，\n\n12:39.375 --> 12:40.875\n来进行肺癌的分期。\n\n12:41.375 --> 12:41.750\n嗯，\n\n12:41.750 --> 12:43.000\n咯血的患者的话，\n\n12:43.000 --> 12:45.075\n可以进行支气管动脉造影。\n\n12:47.039 --> 12:47.565\n另外，\n\n12:47.565 --> 12:50.590\n胸腔积液的患者可以进行胸腔，\n\n12:51.640 --> 12:53.465\n胸水做B超检查，\n\n12:53.465 --> 12:55.739\n或者是胸腔积液穿刺，\n\n12:55.840 --> 12:58.289\n送化验来明确胸水的性质。\n\n12:59.560 --> 12:59.935\n嗯，\n\n12:59.935 --> 13:01.911\n对于慢阻肺和哮喘的病人，\n\n13:01.911 --> 13:03.161\n可以进行，\n\n13:03.161 --> 13:04.310\n肺功能的检查。\n\n13:08.643 --> 13:08.793\n嗯，\n\n13:08.793 --> 13:09.593\n另外的话，\n\n13:09.793 --> 13:10.192\n嗯，\n\n13:10.843 --> 13:13.643\n呼吸科最常见的就是痰液的检查。\n\n13:13.942 --> 13:14.293\n嗯，\n\n13:14.293 --> 13:15.543\n对于肺炎的患者，\n\n13:15.543 --> 13:17.143\n我们进行痰液的检查。\n\n13:17.492 --> 13:18.093\n痰的话，\n\n13:18.093 --> 13:20.343\n对于辨别，\n\n13:20.692 --> 13:23.893\n病原菌具有很好的指导意义。\n\n13:23.992 --> 13:24.317\n嗯，\n\n13:24.317 --> 13:24.742\n另外，\n\n13:24.742 --> 13:26.692\n痰涂片中找到抗酸杆菌，\n\n13:27.143 --> 13:27.543\n嗯，\n\n13:27.543 --> 13:30.293\n对于结核的诊断价值也是很高的。\n\n13:32.398 --> 13:32.749\n嗯，\n\n13:32.749 --> 13:33.499\n另外的话，\n\n13:33.499 --> 13:38.098\n呼吸科最常见的检查的话就是气管镜、胸腔镜、嗯，\n\n13:38.098 --> 13:39.499\n肺穿刺等检查。\n\n13:41.476 --> 13:41.827\n嗯。\n\n13:42.822 --> 13:43.021\n嗯，\n\n13:43.021 --> 13:47.122\n呼吸疾病的治疗主要包括药物治疗、氧疗啊，\n\n13:47.122 --> 13:52.197\n呼吸介入治疗、肺移植呼吸康复一及呼吸疾病的啊，\n\n13:52.197 --> 13:54.521\n三级预防药物治疗的话，\n\n13:54.521 --> 13:58.171\n主要包括支气管扩张剂、抗炎制剂。\n\n13:59.306 --> 14:04.505\n止咳化痰药、抗生素以及肺癌的化疗、靶向治疗。\n\n14:05.666 --> 14:06.017\nCat.\n\n14:08.273 --> 14:10.023\n我国呼吸系统疾病发展，\n\n14:10.273 --> 14:10.622\n嗯，\n\n14:10.622 --> 14:11.723\n方向策略的话，\n\n14:11.723 --> 14:15.723\n主要是加强PCCM科的学科建设，\n\n14:15.922 --> 14:18.322\n推动PC、CM捆绑式的发展。\n\n14:18.622 --> 14:21.322\n另外就是构建多学科体系。\n\n14:25.828 --> 14:28.228\n急性上呼吸道感染的话，\n\n14:28.228 --> 14:29.177\n简称上感，\n\n14:29.177 --> 14:31.453\n是主要病原菌是病毒，\n\n14:31.453 --> 14:32.478\n少数是细菌。\n\n14:35.424 --> 14:35.773\n嗯。\n\n14:39.736 --> 14:40.036\n嗯。\n\n14:41.706 --> 14:42.081\n嗯，\n\n14:42.081 --> 14:44.307\n主要实验室检查是血液检查，\n\n14:44.307 --> 14:47.481\n我们可以对患者进行一个血常规检查啊，\n\n14:47.481 --> 14:50.007\n来判断是细菌感染还是病毒感染。\n\n14:50.156 --> 14:52.206\n如果是单独的病毒感染的话，\n\n14:52.206 --> 14:53.557\n可以对症吃一点药，\n\n14:53.807 --> 14:54.206\n嗯，\n\n14:54.906 --> 14:57.106\n避免不必要的抗生素使用。\n\n15:01.364 --> 15:01.713\n嗯。\n\n15:02.473 --> 15:02.848\n嗯，\n\n15:02.848 --> 15:05.148\n感冒的话就简称流感。\n\n15:05.148 --> 15:07.674\n它主要是甲流和乙流，\n\n15:07.973 --> 15:09.948\n病毒导致导致的。\n\n15:09.948 --> 15:10.323\n嗯，\n\n15:10.473 --> 15:14.424\n临床症状主要是高热、头痛、乏力，\n\n15:14.723 --> 15:15.098\n嗯，\n\n15:15.098 --> 15:17.424\n全身肌肉酸痛等中毒症状。\n\n15:17.523 --> 15:19.398\n而呼吸系统呢，\n\n15:19.398 --> 15:22.273\n比如咳嗽咳痰等症状比较轻微。\n\n15:23.591 --> 15:23.991\n嗯。\n\n15:25.708 --> 15:25.908\n嗯，\n\n15:27.008 --> 15:29.359\n建议就是行甲乙流检查，\n\n15:29.658 --> 15:33.408\n然后就是明确是甲流还是乙流。\n\n15:37.927 --> 15:38.177\n嗯，\n\n15:38.177 --> 15:39.052\n治疗的话，\n\n15:39.052 --> 15:40.577\n主要目前，\n\n15:40.577 --> 15:44.026\n常用的就是奥司他韦和马巴洛沙韦。\n\n15:45.750 --> 15:46.000\n嗯。\n\n15:47.356 --> 15:47.531\n嗯，\n\n15:47.531 --> 15:49.557\n但是有些甲流的话要当心，\n\n15:49.557 --> 15:50.456\n就是重症。\n\n15:53.666 --> 15:54.067\n嗯，\n\n15:54.067 --> 15:55.267\n支气管炎的话，\n\n15:55.466 --> 15:55.817\n嗯，\n\n15:55.817 --> 15:57.892\n主要是支气管有炎症导致。\n\n15:57.892 --> 15:58.817\n然后这个时候，\n\n15:59.017 --> 15:59.416\n嗯，\n\n15:59.716 --> 16:01.517\n前期一般是病毒感染，\n\n16:01.517 --> 16:02.091\n后期的话，\n\n16:02.091 --> 16:03.192\n主要是，\n\n16:03.192 --> 16:04.666\n混合了细菌感染。\n\n16:04.867 --> 16:06.017\n临床表现的话，\n\n16:06.017 --> 16:08.567\n主要是咳嗽咳痰咳黄脓痰，\n\n16:08.916 --> 16:10.341\n然后血象的话，\n\n16:10.341 --> 16:12.216\n白细胞比较高。\n\n16:12.567 --> 16:12.916\n嗯，\n\n16:12.916 --> 16:13.666\n治疗的话，\n\n16:13.666 --> 16:15.867\n主要是一些止咳化痰，\n\n16:15.867 --> 16:17.017\n一些消炎药。\n\n16:17.955 --> 16:20.054\n如果患者有气道痉挛的话，\n\n16:20.054 --> 16:26.604\n可加用一些氨茶碱或者是白的受体激动剂来进行对症解痉处理。\n\n16:34.494 --> 16:34.820\n好，\n\n16:34.820 --> 16:36.395\n今天的分享到此结束。\n\n","v0347cg10004d6249p2ljht5k9qncq90",999,662,"2026-01-25 06:57:04","呼吸系统疾病防治指南 - 症状、治疗与预防方法  ","呼吸系统疾病, 呼吸道感染, 哮喘治疗, 慢性阻塞性肺病, 肺炎预防, 支气管炎症状, 呼吸健康  ","全面了解呼吸系统疾病的常见类型、症状表现及科学防治方法。涵盖哮喘、肺炎、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)等疾病的预防措施、治疗方案和日常护理建议，助您守护呼吸健康。","2026-04-20 00:00:00",[37],{"menuId":38,"menuName":39,"parentId":17,"orderNum":40,"path":41,"component":42,"isFrame":43,"isCache":44,"menuType":45,"visible":26,"status":17,"createDept":6,"remark":24,"createTime":46,"children":47,"columnImage":48,"columnLogo":49,"uncheckedLogo":6,"checkedLogo":6,"isHot":17,"isHome":17,"forceLogin":17,"color":6,"seoTitle":50,"seoKeywords":51,"seoDescription":52,"contentNum":6,"promotionalPoster":53,"menuFrame":7,"innerLink":7,"parentView":7,"routeName":54,"routerPath":41,"componentInfo":42},"1986622624134549505","科普视频",3,"video","/video.html","1","0","T","2025-11-07 10:31:58",[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:09:40/0d7fcb56-3dc4-4dcb-99ca-a5d5c438378e.png","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:09:43/958efac7-dd02-4681-b8fd-0dd84b1bbf42.png","健康科普视频大全,了解你的健康生活","健康科普视频, 戒烟视频, 饮食健康视频, 胸痛科普, 用药知识, 职业健康视频, 贫血科普, 眼健康视频","精选健康科普视频,涵盖戒烟、胸痛、饮食、用药与职业健康等多个主题,让你轻松获取科学健康知识,提升生活质量。","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:09:45/fa8fe113-deaa-4454-8105-d629769963dd.png","Video","慢性病,高发轻症,传染病,癌症肿瘤",4,"https://vod.haohuanjiao.com/huanjiao/specialistVideo/871765/2216c830-77ad-420c-b5ef-0a2d6dac7176.tmp?a=0&auth_key=1789013581-4d1112bcedfc49c5a55b306208df8469-0-e4330f63742edb7b82a4b03d3fe4ccf8&br=315&bt=315&cd=0%7C0%7C0&ch=0&cr=0&cs=0&dr=0&ds=3&eid=v0347cg10004d6249p2ljht5k9qncq90&er=0&l=202608110156195EA1549B8294C53DB726&lr=&mime_type=video_mp4&net=0&pl=0&qs=13&rc=M3RxPDhrb3M3OTczNGY3M0ApPGZ0bndtNTw1ZzMzajo2eWc2YG5ocWcvNi9hLS1kNDBzcy1uazYyZWltMTMxLS5gMS06Yw%3D%3D&vl=&vr=",true,{"code":9,"msg":57,"message":6,"data":6,"success":58},{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":61,"success":58},{"pageNo":26,"pageSize":62,"result":63,"totalSize":17},10,[],{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":65,"success":58},{"authors":66,"appraiseDimensionScoresVos":67},[],[]]