[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fU29Ienm3iWedb296OtQ3ethAJl59czbeb-M3ERQEM6A":8},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":66},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"name":13,"describes":6,"symptoms":6,"checkup":6,"treatment":6,"seoTitle":14,"seoKeywords":15,"seoDescription":16,"coverVertical":6,"coverAcross":6,"introduceClassifications":17,"departments":63},4553,"支气管发育不全"," 支气管发育不全：症状、诊断及治疗方法\n"," 支气管发育不全, 支气管疾病, 呼吸系统疾病, 支气管发育不全症状, 支气管发育不全诊断, 支气管发育不全治疗, 儿童支气管病, 呼吸健康\n"," 了解支气管发育不全的相关信息，包括其症状表现、诊断方法以及有效的治疗方案，帮助您更好地应对和管理支气管发育不全，提高生活质量。",[18,23,28,33,38,43,48,53,58],{"id":19,"classification":20,"description":21,"sort":22,"diseaseId":12},149464,"概述","\u003Cp>　　先天性支气管发育不全有多种类型，常见先天性支气管闭锁(congenital bronchial atresia)，气管软化(tracheomalacia)和气管支气管巨大症(tracheobronchialmealy)，多表现有不同程度的狭窄和阻塞。\u003C/p>",0,{"id":24,"classification":25,"description":26,"sort":27,"diseaseId":12},149465,"病因","\u003Cp>　　本病病因不清楚。先天性支气管闭锁常发生于叶、段或亚段支气管的起始处，上叶支气管多见，下叶支气管较少见。狭窄或阻塞远端的支气管可仍保持通畅，但有多量黏液潴留管腔中，形成黏液栓，管壁结构正常或变薄，无软骨发育异常，相应肺段呈不张或气肿。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　气管软化表现为气管软骨局部缺如，呼吸道气管阻塞和呼吸道反复感染，同时有支气管炎表现。局灶性或弥漫性气管软骨环发育不全则表现为管壁呈软骨性变形，管腔呈圆柱状或漏斗状狭窄和阻塞。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　气管支气管巨大症为管壁结缔组织缺陷，气管支气管腔扩大，外周呈囊状支气管扩张。\u003C/p>",1,{"id":29,"classification":30,"description":31,"sort":32,"diseaseId":12},149466,"症状","\u003Cp>　　常见症状：急性呼吸窘迫综合征、咯血、呼吸异常、气息异常、喂食困难、发烧、紫绀、咳嗽、咳痰、支气管以下的损伤\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　本病约半数患者在15岁以前发生症状，临床表现为呼吸困难、喘鸣和呼吸道反复感染，也可伴有其他先天性畸形的表现，如骨骼发育不良综合征。部分患者临床症状不明显。\u003C/p>",2,{"id":34,"classification":35,"description":36,"sort":37,"diseaseId":12},149467,"检查","\u003Cp>　　检查项目：胸部X线片、支气管造影\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　呼吸道感染时白细胞计数升高。胸部X线可见病变区域肺野透亮度增强，邻近肺组织和纵隔受压移位。胸部CT扫描显示肺气肿区，呈三角形且紧贴肺门部。支气管造影可见病变支气管肺段充盈缺如或扩张，邻叶支气管受压移位。\u003C/p>",3,{"id":39,"classification":40,"description":41,"sort":42,"diseaseId":12},149468,"鉴别","\u003Cp>需与上呼吸道感染，慢性支气管炎等区别。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003C/p>",4,{"id":44,"classification":45,"description":46,"sort":47,"diseaseId":12},149469,"并发症","\u003Cp>　　并发上呼吸道感染或肺气肿。经常患呼吸道感染、发热、发绀、鼻扇甚至死亡,临床及病理诊断为先天性气管、支气管狭窄及右肺发育不全。较长儿童则可表现为持续性咳嗽、咯痰、活动时气短。有的则因查体时心脏杂音而拍胸片始发现肺有异常。一些先天性支气管、肺发育不全病儿至5岁时度过了易患呼吸道感染的时期,则症状减轻,健康情况转好。\u003C/p>",5,{"id":49,"classification":50,"description":51,"sort":52,"diseaseId":12},149470,"预防","\u003Cp>　　预防感冒，避免受凉。注意少吃一些刺激性高的食物，主要还是以饮食为主习惯为主，养成良好的饮食习惯。为增强5岁以下病儿的抗病力,可应用免疫增强剂如必思添、死卡等。\u003C/p>",6,{"id":54,"classification":55,"description":56,"sort":57,"diseaseId":12},149471,"治疗","\u003Cp>以手术治疗为主。预防和治疗呼吸道感染。首先采用保守治疗,控制急性呼吸道感染,增强机体抗病能力。待病儿年长后呼吸道感染症状减少,身体健康情况即见改善。反复呼吸道感染的病儿应积极治疗\u003C/p>",7,{"id":59,"classification":60,"description":61,"sort":62,"diseaseId":12},149472,"饮食","\u003Cp>　　一、忌油炸及辛辣刺激食物：油炸等油腻食品，不易消化，易生内热，煎熬津液，可助湿生痰、阻塞肺道，导致咳嗽、气喘加重。而辛辣食物如辣椒、洋葱、生蒜、胡椒粉等，吃后可助热生痰，并可刺激支气管黏膜，使局部水肿，咳喘加重。因此，慢性支气管炎病人应忌食油炸及辛辣刺激食物。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　二、忌烟：香烟中的有害物质可以直接刺激呼吸道，香烟不仅是吸烟者自身慢性支气管炎的重要原因，烟雾还可对周围人群呼吸道的健康也带来危害。所以，慢性支气管炎患者应彻底杜绝烟草。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　三、宜清淡为主，多吃蔬果，合理搭配膳食，注意营养充足。\u003C/p>",8,[64,65],"呼吸内科","急诊科",true]