[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fAzmTsZqJjm5x7ua6Q5y0DcC-ATve0ep0cK27_SFq-xc":8},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":45},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"name":13,"describes":6,"symptoms":6,"checkup":6,"treatment":6,"seoTitle":14,"seoKeywords":15,"seoDescription":16,"coverVertical":6,"coverAcross":6,"introduceClassifications":17,"departments":43},4099,"小儿大脑半球胶质瘤"," 小儿大脑半球胶质瘤 | 原因、症状与治疗"," 小儿大脑半球胶质瘤, 小儿脑肿瘤, 大脑半球胶质瘤, 小儿胶质瘤症状, 小儿胶质瘤治疗, 脑肿瘤诊断, 小儿神经外科"," 了解小儿大脑半球胶质瘤，包括其原因、常见症状、诊断方法及最新治疗选项。提供关于小儿脑肿瘤的全面信息，帮助家长和照顾者更好地应对这类疾病。",[18,23,28,33,38],{"id":19,"classification":20,"description":21,"sort":22,"diseaseId":12},132038,"概述","\u003Cp>　　儿童大脑半球胶质瘤(glioma of cerebral hemisphere in childhood)较成人相对少见。广泛累及一侧或两侧大脑半球，晚期可累及脑干。\u003C/p>",0,{"id":24,"classification":25,"description":26,"sort":27,"diseaseId":12},132039,"症状","\u003Cp>　　常见症状：动脉粥样硬化、心肌肥厚、心肌梗死、心绞痛、心律失常、心电图异常、心肌缺氧\u003C/p>",1,{"id":29,"classification":30,"description":31,"sort":32,"diseaseId":12},132040,"检查","\u003Cp>　　检查项目：冠状动脉造影、多普勒超声心动图、心血管疾病的超声诊断、心电图、尿常规、血常规、便常规\u003C/p>",2,{"id":34,"classification":35,"description":36,"sort":37,"diseaseId":12},132041,"鉴别","\u003Cp>临床表现常见症状有颅内高压(约75%)癫痫(约25%)及不同部位的神经损害症状如偏瘫、失语、神经内分泌异常视神经萎缩及小脑症状等。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>可通过实验室检查、脑电图检查、颅骨X线平片检查、MRI检查等进行诊断与鉴别。\u003C/p>",3,{"id":39,"classification":40,"description":41,"sort":42,"diseaseId":12},132042,"治疗","\u003Cp>　　(一)治疗\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　对于Ⅰ～Ⅱ级星形细胞瘤和少枝胶质细胞瘤特别是边界较清楚者应尽早行肉眼全切除或近全切除术，如在哑区可连同脑叶一并切除，残余的肿瘤术后行放疗或立体定向放射外科治疗(SRS)。而对于间变型星形(AA)、间变型少枝胶质细胞瘤(AO)及胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)等恶性胶质瘤，则应采取手术、化疗和放疗的综合应用，且手术切除程度是影响术后存活率最重要的因素。本组280例大脑半球胶质瘤行肉眼下肿瘤全切除或近全切除者达80%，手术死亡率在1%以下，效果较好。恶性胶质瘤表现一定程度的放疗耐受性(radioresistance)，残余肿瘤的局部放疗多采用高剂量分割照射(Hyperfraction radiotherapy，HFRT)、瘤腔间质内放疗和立体定向放射外科来实现，HFRT能将传统放疗剂量提高70.2～72Gy而不产生放射坏死，增强了抑制恶性肿瘤的能力，I123或I131的立体定向植入(间质内放疗)配合随后的HFRT能显著提高疗效，优于传统外照射和化疗的组合。小儿恶性胶质瘤术后3年内脑脊液播散率为26%±7%。局部复发率为69%。二者同时存在也可发生，对手术后患儿辅以预防性全脑脊髓照射(CSI)和局部追加照射亦是必要的。GMB、AA对不同化疗方案的敏感反应率是40%～80%，而且利用大剂量多种药物联合化疗后辅以自体骨髓移植来减少化疗副作用也被证明是可行的。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　(二)预后\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　取决于肿瘤的病理性质、手术的切除程度及术后的辅助治疗情况。本组星形细胞瘤5年生存率为52.2%，而多形胶质母细胞瘤的5年生存率为7.9%。美国儿童肿瘤联合调查组(CCG)的大宗病例分析证实，在GBM患儿中，根治性切除组和部分切除组的5年期无肿瘤进展生存率(PFS)分别为29%±6%和4%±3%;在AA患儿中两组的5年期PFS分别为44%±11%和22%±6%。\u003C/p>",4,[44],"放疗科",true]