[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fKBlussRAmmnfdzYL9Dl5He8KuBM350lar7u2Z7_3K98":8},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":66},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"name":13,"describes":6,"symptoms":6,"checkup":6,"treatment":6,"seoTitle":14,"seoKeywords":15,"seoDescription":16,"coverVertical":6,"coverAcross":6,"introduceClassifications":17,"departments":63},3778,"软骨瘤"," 了解软骨瘤的症状、诊断及治疗方法\n"," 软骨瘤, 软骨肿瘤, 良性肿瘤, 骨疾病, 软骨瘤症状, 软骨瘤治疗, 软骨瘤诊断, 骨肿瘤, 骨科疾病\n"," 软骨瘤是一种常见的良性骨肿瘤，通常发生在青少年和年轻成年人中。本页面详细介绍了软骨瘤的常见症状、诊断方法及有效的治疗手段，帮助患者更好地了解和应对这种疾病。",[18,23,28,33,38,43,48,53,58],{"id":19,"classification":20,"description":21,"sort":22,"diseaseId":12},132360,"概述","\u003Cp>　　软骨瘤为常见的良性骨肿瘤，内生(髓腔性)软骨瘤是指发生在髓腔内的软骨瘤，最为常见;骨膜下(皮质旁)软骨瘤则较少见。软骨瘤合并多发性血管瘤者称马弗西(Maffuci)综合征。软骨瘤单发多见，多发较少见，并具有对称生长的特点，同时合并肢体发育畸形，又称内生软骨瘤病;其发生于一侧肢体者又称欧利(Ollier)病。位于盆骨、胸骨、肋骨、四肢长骨或椎骨的软骨瘤易恶变;发生在指(趾)骨的软骨瘤极少恶变。\u003C/p>",0,{"id":24,"classification":25,"description":26,"sort":27,"diseaseId":12},132361,"病因","\u003Cp>　　软骨瘤病因至今不明，可能与骨损伤、慢性感染、放射性刺激、遗传及骨发育过程方向转位等因素有关。\u003C/p>",1,{"id":29,"classification":30,"description":31,"sort":32,"diseaseId":12},132362,"症状","\u003Cp>　　常见症状：隐痛、躯干畸形弯曲、四肢畸形、指(趾)肿胀\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　软骨瘤多发于青少年，起病缓慢，早期无明显症状，局部逐渐膨胀，特别是指(趾)部，可发生畸形及伴有酸胀感。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　软骨瘤的临床特点为：\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　1.好发部位为手、足的长管状骨，也可以发生扁骨，如肩胛骨或髂骨。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　2.患处肿胀，轻微创伤就可引起病理性骨折。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　3.X线检查可见单发性内生软骨瘤为椭圆形的透明暗区，边缘整齐，骨膨胀变薄，瘤内散在砂砾样钙化斑点;多发性内生软骨瘤可引起骨骼畸形。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　4.大体标本病理检查，可见硬而有光泽的浅蓝色的组织，镜下可见分叶状的透明软骨，软骨细胞均匀，成堆，核大小均匀，染色不深。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　5.软骨瘤偶尔可发展为软骨肉瘤，多发生在较大的骨垢。\u003C/p>",2,{"id":34,"classification":35,"description":36,"sort":37,"diseaseId":12},132363,"检查","\u003Cp>　　检查项目：骨科常规检查、X线\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　软骨瘤的X线征象：发生于指(趾)骨时，呈中心位。可见边缘清晰，整齐的囊状透明阴影，受累骨皮质膨胀变薄，在透明阴影内，可见散在的砂粒样致密点。发生于掌(跖)骨者，肿瘤阴影较大，常偏于骨端，骨皮质的膨胀也较显著，无骨膜反应。发生于四肢长骨者，肿瘤的阴影广泛。肿瘤恶变时，可见骨皮质破坏及骨膜反应。\u003C/p>",3,{"id":39,"classification":40,"description":41,"sort":42,"diseaseId":12},132364,"鉴别","\u003Cp>　　需与骨囊肿鉴别。骨囊肿发生于四肢短骨者极少。常见于20岁以下的青少年，好发于肱骨及股骨上端，病灶多呈膨胀性透亮阴影，其内无沙粒样钙化或骨化斑点。\u003C/p>",4,{"id":44,"classification":45,"description":46,"sort":47,"diseaseId":12},132365,"并发症","\u003Cp>主要可合并病理性骨折及恶变，恶变发生率为5%~20%。\u003C/p>",5,{"id":49,"classification":50,"description":51,"sort":52,"diseaseId":12},132366,"预防","\u003Cp>　　一、限制腌制、熏制、及含亚硝酸盐类食品的摄入。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　二、维持理想的体重。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　三、摄入多种食物。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　四、每天饮食中包括多种蔬菜和是水果。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　五、摄取更多的高纤维食物(如全谷麦片、豆类、蔬菜、水果)。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　六、减少脂肪总摄入量;七、限制酒精类饮料的摄取。\u003C/p>",6,{"id":54,"classification":55,"description":56,"sort":57,"diseaseId":12},132367,"治疗","\u003Cp>　　软骨瘤的治疗原则为：手指、掌及足部短状骨的软骨瘤，应彻底刮除后植骨;长管状骨的软骨瘤刮除植骨后易复发，应行肿瘤段切除和大块骨移植;恶变为软骨肉瘤时，应行截肢术或关节离断术。\u003C/p>",7,{"id":59,"classification":60,"description":61,"sort":62,"diseaseId":12},132368,"饮食","\u003Cp>　　1)原料：乌鸡1只，生地黄30g，饴糖50g。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　制法：先将鸡去毛、肠肚净，细切地黄，将地黄与糖相和匀，入鸡腹中，放于铜器中，复置甑中，将鸡蒸到约1小时左右即可。不用盐、醋。只吃鸡肉，吃完之后，再喝鸡汤即可。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　功效：适用于骨肿瘤热毒津枯疼痛者。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　2)原料：生川乌头5g，粳米100g，姜汁5ml，蜂蜜适量。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　制法：川乌头捣碎，碾极细粉末，先煮粳米为粥，煮沸后加入川乌末，改用小火慢煎，待熟后加入。\u003C/p>",8,[64,65],"骨肿瘤科","骨外科",true]