[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fjAlgCU6gZrYUd-84I8Yme_w1miRFpst8Q5l1CtEK9gk":8},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":66},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"name":13,"describes":6,"symptoms":6,"checkup":6,"treatment":6,"seoTitle":14,"seoKeywords":15,"seoDescription":16,"coverVertical":6,"coverAcross":6,"introduceClassifications":17,"departments":63},1728,"蓖麻子中毒"," 蓖麻子中毒症状、预防与治疗指南\n"," 蓖麻子中毒, 蓖麻子中毒症状, 蓖麻毒素, 蓖麻素, 中毒急救, 蓖麻子中毒预防, 蓖麻子中毒治疗\n"," 了解蓖麻子中毒的常见症状、预防方法与急救措施。掌握蓖麻毒素的危害，如何识别中毒症状以及应采取的紧急处理步骤，确保及时有效地应对蓖麻子中毒。",[18,23,28,33,38,43,48,53,58],{"id":19,"classification":20,"description":21,"sort":22,"diseaseId":12},150878,"概述","\u003Cp>　　蓖麻子(castor bean)俗称大麻子，是蓖麻的果实，为油料作物。蓖麻全株有毒，其有毒成分为蓖麻毒素及蓖麻碱。蓖麻毒素2mg，蓖麻碱0.16g可使成人致死。小儿服生蓖麻子3～5颗即可致死。蓖麻毒素及蓖麻碱加热后可以破坏而解毒。蓖麻子毒素是一种细胞原浆毒，可损害肝、肾等实质脏器，并有凝集、溶解红细胞的作用，也可麻痹呼吸及血管运动中枢。\u003C/p>",0,{"id":24,"classification":25,"description":26,"sort":27,"diseaseId":12},150879,"病因","\u003Cp>　　中毒多因生食蓖麻子，常发生于儿童;或误将蓖麻油当作食油所致。\u003C/p>",1,{"id":29,"classification":30,"description":31,"sort":32,"diseaseId":12},150880,"症状","\u003Cp>　　常见症状：咽喉及食道烧灼感、恶心呕吐、腹痛腹泻、血便、尿少、无尿、血红蛋白尿、黄疸、贫血、剧烈头痛、惊厥、昏迷\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　蓖麻子中毒后，潜伏期长，可在1～3天，多数在食后3～24小时开始发病。患者临床表现为咽喉刺激、灼热感、恶心、呕吐、腹痛及急性胃肠炎症状。便中可见蓖麻子外皮碎屑。严重者出现便血、发热、脱水和酸中毒，中枢神经系统症状有头痛、嗜睡、昏迷、抽搐等。肝肾受损害者出现黄疸、蛋白尿、血尿和尿闭等。中毒数日后可出现凝血、溶血现象。死亡可出现在中毒后1周左右，主要死因为呼吸抑制、心力衰竭或急性肾功能衰竭。\u003C/p>",2,{"id":34,"classification":35,"description":36,"sort":37,"diseaseId":12},150881,"检查","\u003Cp>　　检查项目：电解质、血常规、肝肾功能\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　血常规示红细胞计数、血红蛋白低于正常值;大便隐血试验可阳性;血液生化可表现为肝肾功能异常、电解质紊乱、代谢性酸中毒、凝血功能障碍等。\u003C/p>",3,{"id":39,"classification":40,"description":41,"sort":42,"diseaseId":12},150882,"鉴别","\u003Cp>　　主要与能引起胃肠道症状的种子类食物中毒相鉴别。\u003C/p>",4,{"id":44,"classification":45,"description":46,"sort":47,"diseaseId":12},150883,"并发症","\u003Cp>　　危害对胃肠黏膜有刺激作用，还能使血细胞凝集和产生溶血，并致肝，肾发生炎性坏死，血管运动神经麻痹，如不及时救治，中毒者最后可因心力衰竭而死亡。\u003C/p>",5,{"id":49,"classification":50,"description":51,"sort":52,"diseaseId":12},150884,"预防","\u003Cp>　　蓖麻子中毒常发生于儿童，主要是误食蓖麻子后会发生中毒。毒性物质是蓖麻碱和蓖麻毒素。儿童食入 3 ～ 5 颗蓖麻子即可致死。中毒与解毒蓖麻子中所含毒质受热后即破坏。故中毒者多为生食后发生。曾报告3例小儿，生服蓖麻子仁2～7粒后发生持续呕吐，并伴腹痛，其中1例严重者神志模糊，出现脱水征象，手足发冷，瞳孔散大，对光反应迟钝。经按一般中毒常规处理及对症治疗，均渐恢复。\u003C/p>",6,{"id":54,"classification":55,"description":56,"sort":57,"diseaseId":12},150885,"治疗","\u003Cp>　　1.立即进行催吐、洗胃及导泻，必要时高位灌肠，使体内残留的毒素尽快排出。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　2.补液利尿，用血液灌流或血浆置换清除体内已吸收的毒素。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　3.短期用糖皮质激素冲击治疗有助于减轻脏器损伤。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　4.保肝、护肾，预防心衰。出现肾功能衰竭时，行血液透析或连续性肾替代治疗;肝功严重异常时行人工肝治疗;呼吸衰竭时预辅助通气。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　5.定期监测血色素、凝血功能，必要时补充血液成分及凝血因子。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　6.口服米汤、牛奶，保护胃黏膜，并注意保暖。\u003C/p>",7,{"id":59,"classification":60,"description":61,"sort":62,"diseaseId":12},150886,"饮食","\u003Cp>　　饮食方面要做到规律、合理，即以高蛋白、高维生素食物为主。选择营养价值高的植物或动物蛋白，如牛奶、蛋类、鱼类、瘦肉、各种豆制品等。各种新鲜蔬菜、瓜果富含维生素，营养价值高。\u003C/p>",8,[64,65],"消化内科","急诊科",true]