[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fEPMuhZ28coB9-4BtwHBPl4CTYe_ok_piV-ELb7hZE50":8},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":128},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"name":13,"describes":6,"symptoms":6,"checkup":6,"treatment":6,"seoTitle":14,"seoKeywords":15,"seoDescription":16,"coverVertical":6,"coverAcross":6,"introduceClassifications":17,"departments":126},164,"基底节肿瘤"," 基底节肿瘤 - 原因, 症状及治疗方案 | 专业医疗指南"," 基底节肿瘤, 脑部肿瘤, 基底节, 肿瘤症状, 肿瘤治疗, 神经外科, 脑肿瘤诊断"," 了解基底节肿瘤的详细信息，包括其常见原因、早期症状、诊断方法及先进治疗方案。访问我们的专业医疗指南，获取权威的健康建议和知识。",[18,23,26,28,30,35,38,40,42,47,50,52,54,59,62,64,66,71,74,76,78,83,86,88,90,95,97,99,102,107,110,112,114,119,121,124],{"id":19,"classification":20,"description":21,"sort":22,"diseaseId":12},50255,"概述","\u003Cp>　　本病又称Dego病、Kohlmeier-Degos综合征，致死性皮肤和胃肠道细动脉血栓形成(lethal cutaneous and gastrointestinal arteriolar thrombosis)。本病是皮肤-肠道或其他器官的细小动脉内膜炎而后血栓形成的疾病。\u003C/p>",0,{"id":24,"classification":20,"description":25,"sort":22,"diseaseId":12},81055,"\u003Cp>　　肺动脉发育不全(PAA)为较少见的先天性畸形，包括多种类型，如肺动脉主干缺如，右或左肺动脉近端缺如，左肺动脉异常起源和肺动脉缩窄等，常伴有其他心血管畸形如法洛四联症。\u003C/p>",{"id":27,"classification":20,"description":25,"sort":22,"diseaseId":12},60872,{"id":29,"classification":20,"description":25,"sort":22,"diseaseId":12},55373,{"id":31,"classification":32,"description":33,"sort":34,"diseaseId":12},50256,"病因","\u003Cp>　　本病病因不明，有认为与常染色体显性遗传、自身免疫异常和纤溶活性降低及慢病毒感染等有关。\u003C/p>",1,{"id":36,"classification":32,"description":37,"sort":34,"diseaseId":12},81056,"\u003Cp>　　肺动脉主干缺如表现为肺动脉闭锁或肺动脉段呈残存纤维索条状，而左右肺动脉位于正常位置，并与主动脉相连通。右或左肺动脉近端缺如表现为血管腔闭锁，肺组织血液供应来源于支气管动脉或主动脉的异常分支，伴同侧肺发育不全。左肺动脉异常起源于右侧，常形成吊索状围绕气管或右主支气管，引起压塞和阻塞。肺动脉缩窄呈单个或多个狭窄程度不一，常伴有狭窄远端血管扩张及其他心血管畸形。\u003C/p>",{"id":39,"classification":32,"description":37,"sort":34,"diseaseId":12},60873,{"id":41,"classification":32,"description":37,"sort":34,"diseaseId":12},55374,{"id":43,"classification":44,"description":45,"sort":46,"diseaseId":12},81057,"症状","\u003Cp>　　常见症状：咯血、呼吸困难、喘鸣、呼吸困难、呕吐、吞咽困难、呼吸道感染\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　肺动脉主干缺如者多为死产或婴儿期死于肺动脉高压，右或左肺动脉近端缺如常见症状为咯血和呼吸困难。左肺动脉异常起源则表现为气管和食管阻塞症状，如喘鸣、呼吸困难、呕吐、吞咽困难和反复呼吸道感染。\u003C/p>",2,{"id":48,"classification":44,"description":49,"sort":46,"diseaseId":12},50257,"\u003Cp>　　常见症状：水肿、丘疹、皮肤萎缩和色素沉着、溃疡、便秘、叶状脱色斑、出血性丘疹、皮肤硬化、紫绀、风丘疹、感觉障碍、便血\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　以青壮年发病率最高，多发于20～40岁，男性多见。通常是累及皮肤和肠道，而皮肤往往在先，约1/3病例只有皮肤损害。约20%病例累及中枢神经系统，少见的尚可累及眼、心、肾和膀胱等。皮肤损害主要分布于躯干和四肢，特别是在背部和肢体近端，而面和手足较少。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　原发损害直径2～15毫米的半球状水肿性红色丘疹。病程中部分损害持续存在或吸收消失，遗留小的白色皮肤萎缩，而大多数中央迅速坏死，发生溃疡。遗留瓷白的皮肤萎缩斑上附有灰白色鳞屑，有狭窄的高起边缘，其上或有扩张的毛细血管。损害成批出现，少则几个，多则百余个，散在分布，较少相互融合。一般无自觉症状。可持续数个月或数年。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　在皮肤损害出现后3周至10年间发生肠损害，多数是小肠、大肠、肠系膜，而胃亦有累及。呈隐袭发病，早期可仅为消化不良、腹泻或便秘等，进而发生腹绞痛和便血，最后因发展为多发性肠穿孔和腹膜炎，故预后不良。剖腹探查，可在肠壁上发现多发性卵圆形针尖至直径为2厘米的浆膜下白色萎缩性瘢痕。无肠损害的患者中，有33%～50%并不产生严重后果。眼部损害在眼睑、球结膜可有白色无血管斑，脉络膜和视网膜缺血变性、复视、视盘水肿和视神经萎缩等。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　\u003C/p>",{"id":51,"classification":44,"description":45,"sort":46,"diseaseId":12},55375,{"id":53,"classification":44,"description":45,"sort":46,"diseaseId":12},60874,{"id":55,"classification":56,"description":57,"sort":58,"diseaseId":12},55376,"检查","\u003Cp>　　检查项目：肺显像、肺功能检查、肺灌注显像、肺通气功能、肺泡-动脉氧分压差（PA-aDO2）、胸部平片、胸部CT检查、支气管造影\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　1.X线胸片\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　可发现患侧肺野透亮度增高，肺门变小。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　2.肺通气灌注扫描\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　可发现患侧有通气而无灌注。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　3.心脏导管检查\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　通过造影可发现发育不良的肺动脉。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　4.超声心动\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　可发现肺动脉高压及心脏其他畸形。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　5.增强CT及MRI检查\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　可发现肺部血管形态方面的异常，帮助明确诊断。\u003C/p>",3,{"id":60,"classification":56,"description":61,"sort":58,"diseaseId":12},50258,"\u003Cp>　　检查项目：血清免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、纤维蛋白原（Fg,FIB）、血小板凝集试验（PAgT）\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　1.皮肤损害\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　淡红色的圆形水肿性丘疹，好发生在躯干后背部等处，皮损逐渐形成中央脐凹、萎缩，外观瓷白色，周围血管扩张。皮损成批发生，逐渐增多。皮疹无明显不适。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　2.肠道坏死\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　由于小肠发生缺血性坏死，引起患者腹痛、呕吐、腹泻，由于多发性肠穿孔引起腹膜炎。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　3.黏膜侵犯\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　眼睛球结膜、口腔黏膜发生的损害与皮肤损害类似。病情容易反复发生。患者常因为小肠坏死、脑梗死等脏器损伤致死。预后差。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　4.组织病理\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　小动脉坏死、闭塞改变是其特征。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　5.其他辅助检查\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　组织活检，主要病变为真皮下部和皮下脂肪组织内的细小动脉内膜炎。\u003C/p>",{"id":63,"classification":56,"description":57,"sort":58,"diseaseId":12},81058,{"id":65,"classification":56,"description":57,"sort":58,"diseaseId":12},60875,{"id":67,"classification":68,"description":69,"sort":70,"diseaseId":12},50259,"鉴别","\u003Cp>　　需与淋巴瘤样丘疹病、急性痘疮样苔藓样糠疹和变应性皮肤血管炎相鉴别。\u003C/p>",4,{"id":72,"classification":68,"description":73,"sort":70,"diseaseId":12},81059,"\u003Cp>　　临床需与肺心病和先天性心脏病相鉴别。\u003C/p>",{"id":75,"classification":68,"description":73,"sort":70,"diseaseId":12},60876,{"id":77,"classification":68,"description":73,"sort":70,"diseaseId":12},55377,{"id":79,"classification":80,"description":81,"sort":82,"diseaseId":12},50260,"并发症","\u003Cp>　　肠损害后可发生腹绞痛和便血，最后因发展为多发性肠穿孔和腹膜炎。眼部损害球结膜可有白色无血管斑，脉络膜和视网膜缺血变性、复视、视盘水肿和视神经萎缩等。呈隐袭发病，早期可仅为消化不良、腹泻或便秘等，进而发生腹绞痛和便血，最后因发展为多发性肠穿孔和腹膜炎。\u003C/p>",5,{"id":84,"classification":80,"description":85,"sort":82,"diseaseId":12},81060,"\u003Cp>　　并发上呼吸道反复感染。\u003C/p>",{"id":87,"classification":80,"description":85,"sort":82,"diseaseId":12},60877,{"id":89,"classification":80,"description":85,"sort":82,"diseaseId":12},55378,{"id":91,"classification":92,"description":93,"sort":94,"diseaseId":12},81061,"预防","\u003Cp>　　避免感冒，防止着凉。应讲究卫生、戒烟和增强体质，提高全身抵抗力，减少感冒和各种呼吸道疾病的发生。对已发生肺心病 的患者，应针对缓解期和急性期分别加以处理。呼吸道感染是发生呼吸衰竭的常见诱因，故需要积极予以控制。注意养肺气健脾，合理的饮食的调整。疏肝润肺，养气健脾。\u003C/p>",6,{"id":96,"classification":92,"description":93,"sort":94,"diseaseId":12},60878,{"id":98,"classification":92,"description":93,"sort":94,"diseaseId":12},55379,{"id":100,"classification":92,"description":101,"sort":94,"diseaseId":12},50261,"\u003Cp>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　加强护理和营养，以提高患者的抵抗力和免疫力。为防止感染应注意隔离，尽量减少与病原体的接触。避免近亲结婚，进行婚前检查，生育咨询。\u003C/p>",{"id":103,"classification":104,"description":105,"sort":106,"diseaseId":12},50262,"治疗","\u003Cp>　　主要是对症治疗。一般可用吲哚美辛(消炎痛)、阿司匹林与双嘧达莫(潘生丁)。虽可用皮质激素，但在晚期应注意发生肠穿孔的可能。亦可试用肝素治疗。\u003C/p>",7,{"id":108,"classification":104,"description":109,"sort":106,"diseaseId":12},81062,"\u003Cp>　　根据病情选择手术治疗方案。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　无明显临床症状的肺发育不全可以不做任何治疗，有反复咯血或肺部感染，甚至发育迟缓，且合并有残余肺有支气管或血管畸形者，须行肺叶或全肺切除，但全肺切除要非常慎重，必须确定健侧肺功能完全正常，否则会致残，甚至死亡。手术时要特别注意解剖变异，切勿损伤周围脏器。如合并心脏或大血管发育异常，术前充分评估，必要时手术中同时进行矫正。\u003C/p>",{"id":111,"classification":104,"description":109,"sort":106,"diseaseId":12},60879,{"id":113,"classification":104,"description":109,"sort":106,"diseaseId":12},55380,{"id":115,"classification":116,"description":117,"sort":118,"diseaseId":12},60880,"饮食","\u003Cp>　　一、清淡饮食，忌食辛辣刺激及肥腻的食物。可吃粥、面条之类易消化食物，方便时配上些蔬菜末。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　二、忌食过硬和油煎香燥食物。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　三、咳嗽多痰，应少吃甜腻食物，可吃萝卜之类化痰食物，以防滋生痰液。\u003C/p>",8,{"id":120,"classification":116,"description":117,"sort":118,"diseaseId":12},55381,{"id":122,"classification":116,"description":123,"sort":118,"diseaseId":12},50263,"\u003Cp>　　1、恶性萎缩性丘疹吃哪些食物对身体好：饮食的调适，饮食定时定量，吃高纤维的蔬菜食物、多选择全榖类食物、 或未加工的豆类，如叶菜类、竹笋、蒟蒻、糙米、燕麦、全麦面包、黄豆、红豆 、绿豆等。因此烹调方式多采用清蒸、水煮、凉拌、烧烤或清炖等，还是能制作成多样化、味美的菜色。\u003C/p>\u003Cp>　　2、恶性萎缩性丘疹最好不要吃哪些食物：如： 肥肉、培根、鸡鸭皮、猪皮、鱼皮及各种烹调油等要避免选取外，瓜子、花生、腰果、松子等含油量多，应限制食用。另外对於亦应拒绝油腻腻的食物，尤其是油炸、油煎或油酥的食物。最好也能少吃胆固醇含量高的食物包括：内脏(脑、肝)、牛油制成的面包、蛋黄酥或饼乾等， 糕饼、小西点、甜饮料等富含高热量甚至高油之食物，宜少吃 勿暴饮暴食及常吃零食， 勿吸烟、少喝酒。　　\u003C/p>",{"id":125,"classification":116,"description":117,"sort":118,"diseaseId":12},81063,[127],"肿瘤科",true]