[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fzK3XIj2vwXn4yPP1t1KIvKKIz8A8x-9UyDCMP7k0dAQ":8,"$fwCehA9EZnBVF3yUMIHeJLyXsMzHFcVXKI_tppmvCtLo":56,"$fD9xqae-r-w8aDOVhIfJC0Q0OsmGMP02J9ljXklYZzQQ":60},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":55},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"specialistId":13,"specialistAssistants":14,"profilePhoto":15,"specialistName":16,"hospital":17,"department":18,"postsTitle":19,"materialTotal":20,"videoTotal":21,"isConcern":7,"title":22,"coverVertical":23,"coverAcross":24,"content":25,"description":26,"views":27,"likes":21,"isThumbsUp":7,"isCollection":7,"collections":21,"createTime":28,"seoTitle":29,"seoKeywords":30,"seoDescription":31,"shelvesTime":32,"version":33,"menus":34,"menuId":36,"type":43,"quality":54,"commentCount":21,"isComment":43},9328,863319,[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/medical/ystApp/grIAfnU9CtaxfWlxfJNNdFkF8F7p5ZD6.png","谈玉华","上海市徐汇区中心医院","麻醉科","主治医师",27,0,"肾结石、疼痛、感染：别忽视这些信号，科学应对有方法","","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/AI/f23a9fb3-0411-4e5a-b36b-65e920ae8cf7.jpg","\u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-box\">   \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-title\" id=\"material_title\">     \u003Cspan>肾结石、积水、感染：这些信号别忽视，科学应对有方法\u003C/span>   \u003C/div>   \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-section material-kidney-section-1\">     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-subtitle\">       \u003Cspan>01 什么是肾结石？为何会引发积水和感染？ 🪨\u003C/span>     \u003C/div>     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-content\">       \u003Cp>         平常说的肾结石，简单来说，就是尿液中的某些物质（如钙、草酸、尿酸）聚集成块，像在管道里堵住了一小截。通常这些小“石子”悄悄躺在肾里没什么感觉，但一旦堵住尿路，就像河流被挡住，水流不畅，就容易造成肾积水。       \u003C/p>       \u003Cp>         结石卡住的地方，周围的尿就排不出去，逐渐堆积，肾脏就像个灌满水的气球，这时候要小心肾积水。如果再加上有细菌“趁虚而入”，一堵一感染，肾区就可能会出现炎症，甚至引发发烧。\u003Cbr>         所以肾结石不只是“小毛病”，堵塞和感染联合起来，有时会酿成大麻烦。       \u003C/p>       \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-tips\">         \u003Cspan>📝 小贴士：\u003C/span>肾结石堵住尿路，是引发肾积水和感染的常见原因。偶尔一点点结石并不可怕，关键看是不是堵住了\"要道\"。       \u003C/div>     \u003C/div>   \u003C/div>    \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-section material-kidney-section-2\">     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-subtitle\">       \u003Cspan>02 这些症状别小看：肾结石的6个警示信号 🚩\u003C/span>     \u003C/div>     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-content\">       \u003Cp>         日常中很多肾结石早期不会有明显感觉，但有6种常见表现值得格外当心——如果出现，最好尽早到医院查查。       \u003C/p>       \u003Ctable class=\"material-kidney-table\" style=\"margin: 1em 0;\">         \u003Ctr>           \u003Cth>信号\u003C/th>           \u003Cth>生活场景举例\u003C/th>           \u003Cth>何时需要就医\u003C/th>         \u003C/tr>         \u003Ctr>           \u003Ctd>① 突然剧烈腰背部疼痛\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd>刚搬重物后，左侧腰部像绞着一样难受，找不到舒服的姿势\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"background:#FDE8E5;\">症状持续、不能缓解时立即就医！\u003C/td>         \u003C/tr>         \u003Ctr>           \u003Ctd>② 尿中发现血丝或明显血尿\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd>排尿时水变成粉红色，或解尿末端有血迹\u003C/td>         \u003C/tr>         \u003Ctr>           \u003Ctd>③ 尿频、尿急、小便灼热\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd>上厕所次数比平时多，每次尿量不多，还有点疼\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd style=\"background:#FDE8E5;\">持续2天以上建议挂泌尿外科\u003C/td>         \u003C/tr>         \u003Ctr>           \u003Ctd>④ 小便突然变少甚至解不出尿\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd>一天解尿次数比往常明显减少\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd style=\"background:#FDE8E5;\">小便突然排不出来需急诊处理\u003C/td>         \u003C/tr>         \u003Ctr>           \u003Ctd>⑤ 恶心呕吐、出虚汗\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd>腰痛伴随呕吐、不想吃饭\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd style=\"background:#FDE8E5;\">如果呕吐剧烈，且伴腰痛需尽快就医\u003C/td>         \u003C/tr>         \u003Ctr>           \u003Ctd>⑥ 发热（38℃以上）\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd>腰疼同时高烧不退、浑身无力\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd style=\"background:#FDE8E5;\">高热合并疼痛，警惕肾盂肾炎或败血症！\u003C/td>         \u003C/tr>       \u003C/table>       \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-tips material-kidney-tips-warn\">         \u003Cspan>⚠️ 重点提醒：\u003C/span>突发剧烈疼痛加血尿，高烧不退都属于“预警信号”，建议直接去医院急诊检查。       \u003C/div>     \u003C/div>   \u003C/div>    \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-section material-kidney-section-3\">     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-subtitle\">       \u003Cspan>03 为什么容易得肾结石？5大常见诱因 🔍\u003C/span>     \u003C/div>     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-content\">       \u003Col class=\"material-kidney-list\">         \u003Cli>           \u003Cstrong>水喝太少\u003C/strong>：长期饮水不足，尿液就会变得浓，像河水变浅更容易沉淀形成结石。研究指出，日饮水量少于1.5L的人肾结石风险会显著增加（Curhan et al., 1998）。         \u003C/li>         \u003Cli>           \u003Cstrong>饮食结构问题\u003C/strong>：经常吃高蛋白（爱吃肉）、高钙或高草酸（比如菠菜、巧克力）的饮食，部分人尿里这些成分容易过量，增加结石“结伙”机会。         \u003C/li>         \u003Cli>           \u003Cstrong>家族遗传倾向\u003C/strong>：有家族史的人更容易中招，这和体内代谢特点有关。         \u003C/li>         \u003Cli>           \u003Cstrong>特殊体质或代谢异常\u003C/strong>：比如高尿酸血症、痛风易合并尿酸结石。         \u003C/li>         \u003Cli>           \u003Cstrong>感染和尿路梗阻\u003C/strong>：有些长期尿路感染、泌尿道畸形的人，感染结石的风险会增加。比如有位62岁的男性患者，因反复泌尿系感染检查才发现感染性结石。         \u003C/li>       \u003C/ol>       \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-tips\">         \u003Cspan>🔎 小观察：\u003C/span>水喝得少、偏爱高蛋白饮食、反复尿路感染、年龄增长、体内代谢问题，这几类人更容易收到“结石”警告信号。       \u003C/div>     \u003C/div>   \u003C/div>    \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-section material-kidney-section-4\">     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-subtitle\">       \u003Cspan>04 怎么查？3种常见肾结石检查方式 🏥\u003C/span>     \u003C/div>     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-content\">       \u003Cul class=\"material-kidney-list\">         \u003Cli>           \u003Cstrong>1. B超（超声检查）\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>           适用范围广，检查过程无痛，孕妇和儿童都适合用来筛查。有时小结石可能会“藏”起来，超声未必能全发现。         \u003C/li>         \u003Cli>           \u003Cstrong>2. 非增强CT\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>           检查灵敏度很高（能发现98%的结石, Türk et al., 2022），哪怕是很小的结石也能准确定位，对X线无法显示的尿酸结石尤其有效。如果想一次查清楚，大多首选CT。         \u003C/li>         \u003Cli>           \u003Cstrong>3. 腹部平片（KUB）\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>           可以看见大部分钙质结石，但某些类型（比如尿酸结石）容易漏掉，一般作为辅助项目，合并B超更有参考价值。         \u003C/li>       \u003C/ul>       \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-tips\">         \u003Cspan>📌 检查说明：\u003C/span>常规体检发现肾有“异常影像”，别紧张，超声和CT是当前最常用安全的查石方法。       \u003C/div>     \u003C/div>   \u003C/div>    \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-section material-kidney-section-5\">     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-subtitle\">       \u003Cspan>05 治疗有分级，方案怎么选？ 💊🔨\u003C/span>     \u003C/div>     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-content\">       \u003Ctable class=\"material-kidney-table\">         \u003Ctr>           \u003Cth>情况分级\u003C/th>           \u003Cth>典型治疗方法\u003C/th>           \u003Cth>适用人群/场景举例\u003C/th>         \u003C/tr>         \u003Ctr>           \u003Ctd>结石直径 < 5mm\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd>口服药物、增加饮水、α受体阻滞剂（如坦索罗辛）\u003Cbr>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#5A9C6C;\">约80%有望自行排出\u003C/span>\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd>35岁女性，检查发现单侧肾小结石，没有感染和疼痛\u003C/td>         \u003C/tr>         \u003Ctr>           \u003Ctd>结石 5~10mm（特别是上段）\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd>体外冲击波碎石（ESWL），部分可用输尿管镜碎石\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd>40岁男性，腰痛加反复血尿，经CT定位中上段输尿管结石\u003C/td>         \u003C/tr>         \u003Ctr>           \u003Ctd>结石 > 10mm 或复杂结石\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd>经皮肾镜（PCNL）、分期手术\u003Cbr>有感染者先引流后处理结石\u003C/td>           \u003Ctd>60岁女性，发现鹿角形结石合并积水和反复发热\u003C/td>         \u003C/tr>       \u003C/table>       \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-tips\">         \u003Cspan>🗂️ 小结：\u003C/span>肾结石治疗因人而异。小结石可以喝水、吃药慢慢排；大结石要靠体外碎石或微创手术解决，有感染或梗阻要优先解除堵塞和炎症。       \u003C/div>     \u003C/div>   \u003C/div>    \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-section material-kidney-section-6\">     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-subtitle\">       \u003Cspan>06 日常如何防复发？三招简单实用 🚰🥗\u003C/span>     \u003C/div>     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-content\">       \u003Cul class=\"material-kidney-list-advise\">         \u003Cli>           \u003Cstrong>1. 保障每天饮水量\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>           \u003Cspan class=\"material-kidney-advise-point\">推荐：\u003C/span>           \u003Cspan>水（纯净水或淡茶）+稀释果汁 = 总每日不少于2000ml\u003C/span>\u003Cbr>           功效：\u003Cstrong>稀释尿液，降低结石“扎堆”机会\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>           建议分多次饮，不建议憋尿。         \u003C/li>         \u003Cli>           \u003Cstrong>2. 增加新鲜蔬果和全谷物\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>           \u003Cspan class=\"material-kidney-advise-point\">推荐：\u003C/span>           \u003Cspan>番茄/苹果/燕麦/橙子的粗纤维/柠檬水\u003C/span>\u003Cbr>           功效：\u003Cstrong>有助于稳定体内钙水平，减少草酸钙结石形成\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>           餐餐一点蔬菜水果，搭配家常粗粮饭最好。         \u003C/li>         \u003Cli>           \u003Cstrong>3. 适当运动，保持规律作息\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>           \u003Cspan class=\"material-kidney-advise-point\">推荐：\u003C/span>           \u003Cspan>散步/爬楼/拉伸运动，每次30分钟左右\u003C/span>\u003Cbr>           功效：\u003Cstrong>加快新陈代谢，减少结石沉积机率\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>           保持每天适量活动，不要长时间卧床。         \u003C/li>       \u003C/ul>       \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-tips material-kidney-tips-green\">         \u003Cspan>💡 行动建议：\u003C/span>定期体检（6~12个月复查肾B超/CT），尤其曾经有结石史的人，经常自测饮水量，日常关注尿液颜色清淡即可。       \u003C/div>     \u003C/div>   \u003C/div>    \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-section material-kidney-section-7\">     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-subtitle\">       \u003Cspan>📚 参考文献\u003C/span>     \u003C/div>     \u003Cdiv class=\"material-kidney-content\">       \u003Cul class=\"material-kidney-ref\">         \u003Cli>Curhan, G. C., Willett, W. C., Rimm, E. B., Stampfer, M. J. (1998). A Prospective Study of Water Intake and Risk of Kidney Stones in Men. Annals of Internal Medicine, 128(7), 534-540. \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9518397/\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed\u003C/a>\u003C/li>         \u003Cli>Türk, C., Petrik, A., Sarica, K., Seitz, C., Skolarikos, A., Straub, M., & Knoll, T. (2022). EAU Guidelines on Urolithiasis. European Urology, 82(4), 393–402. \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34297999/\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed\u003C/a>\u003C/li>         \u003Cli>Knoll, T., Schubert, A. B., Fahlenkamp, D., Leusmann, D. B., Wendt-Nordahl, G., & Schubert, G. (2011). Urolithiasis: management in patients with renal insufficiency. Nature Reviews Urology, 8(12), 662–673. \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22009245/\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed\u003C/a>\u003C/li>       \u003C/ul>     \u003C/div>   \u003C/div> \u003C/div>  \u003Cstyle> .material-kidney-box {   font-family: \"PingFang SC\", Arial, Helvetica, \"Microsoft Yahei\", sans-serif;   color: #363636;   background: #f9f9fb;   max-width: 800px;   margin: 20px auto 0 auto;   border-radius: 18px;   box-shadow: 0 2px 12px #e3e7ed60;   padding-bottom: 40px;   overflow: hidden;   font-size: 1.1em; }  .material-kidney-title {   font-size: 2em;   font-weight: 700;   color: #317080;   text-align: center;   padding: 32px 10px 20px 10px;   background: linear-gradient(90deg, #d1eeec 10%, #f1f6f4 100%);   letter-spacing: 1px;   border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef;   margin-bottom: 1.2em; }  .material-kidney-section {   margin: 32px 0 0 0;   padding: 0; } .material-kidney-subtitle {   font-size: 1.27em;   font-weight: 600;   background: #e7f4fa;   color: #297586;   padding: 12px 24px;   border-radius: 12px 12px 0 0;   border-left: 4px solid #67bfc8;   margin-bottom: 0.5em;   letter-spacing: 0.5px;   display: flex;   align-items: center; } .material-kidney-section-2 .material-kidney-subtitle     {background: #f5e7eb; color:#a43748; border-left-color: #e1737a;} .material-kidney-section-3 .material-kidney-subtitle     {background: #f6f7e6; color:#7a8237; border-left-color: #b1c15c;} .material-kidney-section-4 .material-kidney-subtitle     {background: #f0f5e7; color:#375f35; border-left-color: #84bc89;} .material-kidney-section-5 .material-kidney-subtitle     {background: #e6f2ed; color: #22645c; border-left-color: #64b4a1;} .material-kidney-section-6 .material-kidney-subtitle     {background: #edf4e6; color: #3d6e27; border-left-color: #90d156;} .material-kidney-section-7 .material-kidney-subtitle     {background: #f7f7fb; color:#533883; border-left-color: #b39bea;}  .material-kidney-content {   background: #ffffff;   border-radius: 0 0 12px 12px;   padding: 20px 26px;   margin-bottom: 6px;   font-size: 1.04em;   line-height: 1.85;   position: relative; }  .material-kidney-table {   width: 100%;   border-collapse: collapse;   font-size: 1em;   margin: 0.5em 0 1.2em 0; } .material-kidney-table th, .material-kidney-table td {   border: 1px solid #e2e2e2;   text-align: left;   padding: 8px 10px; } .material-kidney-table th {   background: #e8f2f5;   color: #297586;   font-weight: bold; } .material-kidney-table tr:nth-child(even) td {   background: #f6fbfc; }  .material-kidney-tips {   background: #e0f0f1;   color: #317080;   border-left: 4px solid #67bfc8;   padding: 10px 14px 10px 18px;   border-radius: 8px;   margin-top: 1.2em;   font-size: 0.98em;   font-weight: 500; } .material-kidney-tips-warn {   background: #fbecee;   color: #b73441;   border-left-color: #e1737a; } .material-kidney-tips-green {   background: #e7fbe9;   color: #3c9039;   border-left-color: #78c47e; }  .material-kidney-list {   padding-left: 14px;   margin: 0.7em 0 0.4em 0; } .material-kidney-list li {   margin-bottom: 0.8em;   line-height: 1.8; }  .material-kidney-list-advise {   padding-left: 12px;   margin-top: 0.5em;   margin-bottom: 1.3em; } .material-kidney-list-advise li {   margin-bottom: 1.3em;   line-height: 1.7;   border-left: 4px solid #b7e3d9;   background: #f4fbfb;   border-radius: 5px;   padding: 10px 15px 10px 20px;   position: relative; } .material-kidney-advise-point {   display: inline-block;   color: #44a19b;   font-weight: 600;   margin-right: 0.2em; }  .material-kidney-ref {   list-style-type: decimal;   margin: 1.1em 0 0.3em 1.5em;   color: #525252;   font-size: 0.97em; } .material-kidney-ref a {   color: #1a6d79;   text-decoration: underline; }  /* 适应移动端 */ @media(max-width:600px){   .material-kidney-box {     max-width: 99%;     font-size: 1em;     box-shadow: 0 1px 8px #efefef70;     margin: 10px auto 0 auto;   }   .material-kidney-content {     padding: 15px 6px;   }   .material-kidney-section {     margin: 22px 0 0 0;   }   .material-kidney-title {     font-size: 1.25em;     padding: 24px 0 10px 0;   } } \u003C/style>","肾结石早期信号不可小觑。了解其症状、诱因和检查方式，获取科学治疗方案和预防措施，保障你的健康！",559,"2025-03-12 12:14:31","肾结石、疼痛、感染：别忽视这些信号，科学应对有方法  ","肾结石症状,肾结石疼痛缓解,泌尿感染治疗,肾结石预防方法,科学应对肾结石  ","了解肾结石的早期信号如疼痛和感染，掌握科学应对方法，包括症状缓解、治疗选择和预防措施，避免病情恶化，保护泌尿系统健康。","2025-08-15 16:46:00",2,[35],{"menuId":36,"menuName":37,"parentId":21,"orderNum":33,"path":38,"component":39,"isFrame":40,"isCache":41,"menuType":42,"visible":43,"status":21,"createDept":6,"remark":23,"createTime":44,"children":45,"columnImage":46,"columnLogo":47,"uncheckedLogo":6,"checkedLogo":6,"isHot":43,"isHome":21,"forceLogin":21,"color":48,"seoTitle":49,"seoKeywords":50,"seoDescription":51,"contentNum":6,"promotionalPoster":52,"menuFrame":7,"innerLink":7,"parentView":7,"routeName":53,"routerPath":38,"componentInfo":39},"1986713082609147906","健康科普","article","/article.html","1","0","T",1,"2025-11-07 16:31:25",[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:49/d4291d16-ed1c-48dd-84c8-ec1f85980b75.png","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:52/6fe64094-9416-442c-a66d-032fb292666a.png","#c8e6ca","健康科普助力健康中国2030:共享健康知识新理念","健康科普, 健康中国, 科普知识, 健康家庭, 性健康, 营养健康, 运动健康, 科普宣传","探索健康科普在健康中国行动中的重要角色,了解最新的健康科普创新大赛、动漫及短视频,传播健康知识,助力全民健康。","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:56/bd33f471-6c54-4d1b-a364-b06973dbc144.png","Article","高发轻症",true,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":57,"success":55},{"pageNo":43,"pageSize":58,"result":59,"totalSize":21},10,[],{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":61,"success":55},{"authors":62,"appraiseDimensionScoresVos":63},[],[]]