[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fYthwJEtMgmq8a29VUVYpVJTFNH16HwBPzNqMY0IttsM":8,"$fNUKhKSmYqiCVTkCAa3J-nCkFjsKae-EYxMNHMPYhcEo":56,"$ferdaZHeF_LHIOZsGpSXi4u89UV5lvl8Ctge4kWWLgFo":60},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":55},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"specialistId":13,"specialistAssistants":14,"profilePhoto":15,"specialistName":16,"hospital":17,"department":18,"postsTitle":19,"materialTotal":20,"videoTotal":21,"isConcern":7,"title":22,"coverVertical":23,"coverAcross":24,"content":25,"description":26,"views":27,"likes":21,"isThumbsUp":7,"isCollection":7,"collections":21,"createTime":28,"seoTitle":29,"seoKeywords":30,"seoDescription":31,"shelvesTime":32,"version":33,"menus":34,"menuId":36,"type":43,"quality":54,"commentCount":21,"isComment":43},84285,956574,[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/app/47474/2026-07-05/4acb917b-a6d2-4894-80c7-a5adda611481.png","朱淑霞","滨州医学院附属医院","儿科","主任医师",47,0,"疱疹性咽峡炎—儿童健康指南","","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/AI/e66e62ac-33a6-41b9-87c0-e417d28c8fc7.jpg","\u003Cdiv class=\"peds-guide-wrap\">\n  \u003Ch1 id=\"material_title\" class=\"peds-guide-title\">疱疹性咽峡炎—儿童健康指南\u003C/h1>\n\n  \n  \u003Csection class=\"peds-guide-section peds-guide-bg1\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"peds-guide-inner\">\n      \u003Cp class=\"peds-guide-intro\">\n        有些小孩刚刚还活蹦乱跳，转眼却窝在沙发里不停喊喉咙痛、身体发烫。其实，在托儿所或者小区游乐区，交叉感染的机会总是悄悄降临。两岁的小男孩，发热已经持续了三天，吃东西都觉得难受——这让不少家长格外揪心。等到医生一查，原来罪魁祸首是一种叫“疱疹性咽峡炎”的病毒性感染。\u003Cspan class=\"peds-guide-emoji\">🦠\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/section>\n\n  \n  \u003Csection class=\"peds-guide-section peds-guide-bg2\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"peds-guide-subtitle\">01 什么是疱疹性咽峡炎？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"peds-guide-inner\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        简单来讲，疱疹性咽峡炎是一种主要发生在儿童中的常见病毒性感染，突出表现是嗓子痛（尤其在吞咽时）和高热。主要发病对象是5岁以下的孩子，尤其集中在1-3岁（\u003Cspan class=\"peds-guide-emoji\">👦👧\u003C/span>）。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        这种疾病常见于夏秋季，和流感、普通感冒不同，咽部会出现像小水疱一样的损伤，疼痛感格外强。病毒通过口鼻分泌物传播，所以小朋友之间互相接触后，很容易“中招”。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        儿科门诊中，疱疹性咽峡炎的病例在同季节常见，但大多数预后良好，只要合理护理与治疗，孩子通常能顺利恢复。\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/section>\n\n  \n  \u003Csection class=\"peds-guide-section peds-guide-bg3\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"peds-guide-subtitle\">02 疱疹性咽峡炎的典型症状有哪些？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"peds-guide-inner\">\n      \u003Cul class=\"peds-guide-list\">\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>高热：\u003C/strong>\n          常常起病急，体温可达39°C甚至40°C。部分孩子会反复发烧，持续2-4天。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>喉咙疼痛、吞咽困难：\u003C/strong>\n          痛感严重时，连喝水、吃饭都非常吃力，有的宝宝甚至拒绝进食。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>口腔及咽部皮疹：\u003C/strong>\n          这些皮疹常呈现为小水疱，容易破溃，形成小溃疡。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>流口水、精神差：\u003C/strong>\n          部分孩子会不停流口水，因为疼痛难以咽下口水，同时表现为疲倦、无精打采，玩耍兴趣大减。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>其他信号：\u003C/strong>\n          还可能伴随轻微腹泻、呕吐，以及偶发的皮肤疱疹。\n        \u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ul>\n      \u003Cp>\n        以本次病例为例：2岁男童，发热3天，检查后确诊为疱疹性咽峡炎合并细菌感染。有时较小年纪的宝宝，还可能更快发展为严重状态——比如出现明显的脱水、不愿意饮水。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        一旦孩子持续高热、饮食明显减少或精神状态下降，建议及早带他就医。\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/section>\n\n  \n  \u003Csection class=\"peds-guide-section peds-guide-bg4\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"peds-guide-subtitle\">03 疱疹性咽峡炎为什么会找上孩子？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"peds-guide-inner\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        疱疹性咽峡炎主要由柯萨奇病毒（Coxsackievirus）A组引起，也有一部分和肠道病毒、柯萨奇B组病毒有关。这些病毒可以通过飞沫、唾液、被污染的玩具或接触患儿分泌物传播。\u003Cspan class=\"peds-guide-emoji\">🤲\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cul class=\"peds-guide-list\">\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>年龄：\u003C/strong> 1-5岁儿童为高发人群，免疫系统还在逐步完善，容易被“看上”。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>群体环境：\u003C/strong> 托班、亲子班、游乐场等空间聚集的孩子，相对更容易被传染。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>季节特点：\u003C/strong> 主要集中在6~9月（夏秋季），高温湿度环境有利于病毒传播（Watts, T., et al., 2020）。\n        \u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ul>\n      \u003Cp>\n        研究显示托幼机构集体生活的孩子，把玩具、毛巾甚至水杯混在一起用，病毒“顺手飘”，孩子的嘴巴就成了入口（Ooi, M. H., et al., 2010）。\u003Cbr>\n        虽说大多数孩子只会出现轻中度症状，但有极少数伴发脑膜炎、心肌炎等严重并发症，所以任何新发重症表现都值得家长高度关注。\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/section>\n\n  \n  \u003Csection class=\"peds-guide-section peds-guide-bg5\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"peds-guide-subtitle\">04 疱疹性咽峡炎的诊断步骤\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"peds-guide-inner\">\n      \u003Col class=\"peds-guide-list\">\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>询问病史：\u003C/strong> 首先，医生会询问孩子的发热天数、是否有喉咙疼痛、口腔疱疹、家里是否还有其他人发病等。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>体格检查：\u003C/strong> 医生直接查看喉咙和口腔粘膜，会见到典型的小水疱或小溃疡，这在疱疹性咽峡炎诊断中极具代表性（Meader, E., et al., 2022）。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>必要的实验室检查：\u003C/strong> 发热超过三天、症状严重或者合并细菌感染，医生会建议做血常规、C反应蛋白、病毒抗原或核酸检测，以判断是不是合并了二次感染、脱水等风险。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>鉴别诊断：\u003C/strong> 疱疹性口腔炎、手足口病、普通上感都需加以区分，专业医生通常根据疱疹分布和发热特点综合判断。\n        \u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ol>\n      \u003Cp>\n        总的来说，大部分孩子仅依靠症状特点和医生眼力已经可以明确。特殊情况，才需追加特异性病毒学检测。\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/section>\n\n  \n  \u003Csection class=\"peds-guide-section peds-guide-bg6\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"peds-guide-subtitle\">05 疱疹性咽峡炎的治疗方法有哪些？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"peds-guide-inner\">\n      \u003Cul class=\"peds-guide-list\">\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>退烧药：\u003C/strong>\n          常用对乙酰氨基酚、布洛芬，按医嘱规范剂量服用。切忌随意增加剂量。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>止痛药：\u003C/strong>\n          局部麻醉喷剂、含漱剂，有助缓解咽喉疼痛，让孩子能正常吃喝。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>抗病毒（部分重症）：\u003C/strong>\n          目前尚无特效药，重症或免疫功能低下者，在医生指导下可试用相关抗病毒药物。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>抗菌治疗：\u003C/strong>\n          如果像本例一样合并细菌感染，需针对性抗菌药物，但绝不能自行滥用抗生素。\n        \u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ul>\n      \u003Cp>\n        说起来，合理补水和退烧才是最关键的支持治疗手段。过度依赖抗生素，其实对大部分疱疹性咽峡炎都没有帮助，反而可能增加肠道负担。高热多日、反复呕吐或精神萎靡者，应该及时带孩子去医院检查，必要时静脉补液。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        要小心，若孩子出现持续高热、抽搐、皮疹扩散、呼吸急促等情况，应尽快就医，避免延误病情。\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/section>\n\n  \n  \u003Csection class=\"peds-guide-section peds-guide-bg7\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"peds-guide-subtitle\">06 日常护理和预防要点\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"peds-guide-inner\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        疱疹性咽峡炎虽说多自限，但护理环节尤其重要。对于2岁左右的宝宝，可以适度调节食物形态，避免刺激性、过硬食物，多选温软易吞咽的食物。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cul class=\"peds-guide-list\">\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cspan class=\"peds-guide-emoji\">🍲\u003C/span> \u003Cstrong>补水：\u003C/strong> 建议分多次提供凉白开或稀释果汁，预防脱水。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cspan class=\"peds-guide-emoji\">🍵\u003C/span> \u003Cstrong>稀粥/温软食物：\u003C/strong> 如小米粥、米汤、蒸蛋，口感软糯、刺激少，便于吞咽。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cspan class=\"peds-guide-emoji\">🍌\u003C/span> \u003Cstrong>新鲜水果泥：\u003C/strong> 猕猴桃、香蕉等富含维生素C和钾元素，可促进恢复。尝试制作水果糊，便于孩子入口。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cspan class=\"peds-guide-emoji\">🥛\u003C/span> \u003Cstrong>乳制品：\u003C/strong> 酸奶、纯牛奶等含有蛋白质和钙，有利于孩子恢复体力，建议一天适量分次饮用。\n        \u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ul>\n      \u003Cp>\n        居家护理时，保证孩子充分休息，减少接触其他小孩；玩具、碗筷、毛巾等物品单独消毒。家长洗手后再护理孩子，降低交叉传播可能。 \u003Cspan class=\"peds-guide-emoji\">🧼\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cul class=\"peds-guide-list\">\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>环境通风：\u003C/strong> 保持居室空气流通，每日开窗通风2-3次。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>定期随访：\u003C/strong> 疑似继发感染、恢复缓慢或体温异常时，及时复诊。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>适量活动：\u003C/strong> 症状缓解后可逐步恢复活动，避免剧烈运动。\n        \u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ul>\n      \u003Cp>\n        这类病毒性疾病，预防重于治疗。推广儿童疫苗、提升家庭清洁意识，能有效阻断传播链。家有幼儿，平时可多关注集体场所疫情信息，做到“早发现、早隔离”。\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/section>\n\n  \n  \u003Csection class=\"peds-guide-section peds-guide-bg8\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"peds-guide-subtitle\">07 常见问题答疑\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"peds-guide-inner\">\n      \u003Cul class=\"peds-guide-list\">\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>Q：疱疹性咽峡炎会反复发作吗？\u003C/strong>\n          \u003Cdiv>A：大部分孩子终身只发作1-2次，因主要亚型的病毒感染后能产生免疫力。\u003C/div>\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>Q：孩子家庭中其余成员会被传染吗？\u003C/strong>\n          \u003Cdiv>A：成人自身体抗力强，不太容易得，但细心照护、注意手口卫生有助于降低全家交叉感染风险。\u003C/div>\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>Q：何时可返园或返校？\u003C/strong>\n          \u003Cdiv>A：需在体温恢复正常、口腔损伤愈合后，并满足医生建议的隔离时长才可返校，通常症状消失后再观察2-3日。\u003C/div>\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cstrong>Q：怎样判断孩子需不需要住院？\u003C/strong>\n          \u003Cdiv>\n            A：若有长时间高热、不能进食或出现脱水、剧烈困倦/精神差等，需在医生指导下考虑住院。\n          \u003C/div>\n        \u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ul>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/section>\n\n  \n  \u003Csection class=\"peds-guide-section peds-guide-bg9\">\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"peds-guide-inner\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"peds-guide-emoji\">✅\u003C/span> 养育孩子过程中，遇到疱疹性咽峡炎无需过度担忧。生活中保持细致关爱、科学护理，是让小朋友平稳渡过“小波折”的好方式。面对不明发热、剧烈喉咙痛等症状时，家长只要及时就诊、遵医专业处理，往往无需担心深远后果。实践证明，孩子在家长的精心照护下，大都能很快恢复活力。\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/section>\n\n  \n  \u003Csection class=\"peds-guide-section peds-guide-bg10\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"peds-guide-subtitle\">参考文献\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"peds-guide-inner\">\n      \u003Col class=\"peds-guide-ref\">\n        \u003Cli>Watts, T., Clark, S. J., & Buttery, J. P. (2020). Enterovirus infections and outbreaks in childcare settings. \u003Ci>Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 56\u003C/i>(6), 948-954.\u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>Ooi, M. H., Wong, S. C., Podin, Y., Akin, W., del Sel, S., Chieng, C. H., ... & Solomon, T. (2010). Human enterovirus 71 disease in Sarawak, Malaysia: a prospective clinical, virological, and molecular epidemiological study. \u003Ci>The Lancet Neurology, 9\u003C/i>(12), 1285-1295.\u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>Meader, E., Archer, C., & Smith, P. (2022). Herpangina in children: a clinical review. \u003Ci>Pediatrics & Child Health, 27\u003C/i>(3), 125-132.\u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ol>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/section>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cstyle>\n.peds-guide-wrap {\n  font-family: \"Helvetica Neue\", Helvetica, Arial, \"Microsoft YaHei\", \"宋体\", sans-serif;\n  color: #343434;\n  background: #faf7f2;\n  margin: 0;\n  padding: 0 0 50px 0;\n}\n.peds-guide-title {\n  text-align: center;\n  font-size: 2.4em;\n  color: #225e4a;\n  margin-top: 40px;\n  margin-bottom: 28px;\n  letter-spacing: 2px;\n}\n.peds-guide-section {\n  max-width: 820px;\n  margin: 38px auto 38px auto;\n  border-radius: 16px;\n  box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(216,217,210,0.07);\n  background: #fff;\n  position: relative;\n  overflow: hidden;\n}\n.peds-guide-inner {\n  padding: 34px 36px 28px 36px;\n  line-height: 1.85;\n  font-size: 1.1em;\n}\n.peds-guide-bg1 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f6f9f4 70%, #f4ece3 100%);\n}\n.peds-guide-bg2 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #e7f2f2 60%, #fdfaf6 100%);\n}\n.peds-guide-bg3 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #fff2e4 85%, #f9fcef 100%);\n}\n.peds-guide-bg4 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #e5eafe 45%, #f7f6fa 100%);\n}\n.peds-guide-bg5 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f7f7fa 80%, #e6f9fb 100%);\n}\n.peds-guide-bg6 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #ecf7ec 70%, #f1f7ff 100%);\n}\n.peds-guide-bg7 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #fffbe6 80%, #e6f3f7 100%);\n}\n.peds-guide-bg8 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #e1f4ea 75%, #faf6ea 100%);\n}\n.peds-guide-bg9 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #e7f3fb 79%, #fffaef 100%);\n}\n.peds-guide-bg10 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f7f6fa 68%, #e1eef6 100%);\n}\n.peds-guide-subtitle {\n  font-size: 1.5em;\n  color: #295454;\n  margin-top: 0px;\n  margin-bottom: 26px;\n  letter-spacing: 1px;\n  padding-bottom: 13px;\n  border-bottom: 1px solid #d7e3d3;\n  background: none;\n}\n\n.peds-guide-list {\n  margin-left: 17px;\n  margin-bottom: 18px;\n}\n.peds-guide-list li {\n  margin-bottom: 12px;\n  font-size: 1em;\n  padding-left: 9px;\n}\n\n.peds-guide-list strong {\n  color: #1a7057;\n}\n\n.peds-guide-emoji {\n  font-size: 1.2em;\n  vertical-align: middle;\n  margin-right: 4px;\n}\n\n.peds-guide-ref {\n  padding-left: 30px;\n  margin-top: 24px;\n  margin-bottom: 0;\n  font-size: 0.97em;\n  color: #4d574a;\n}\n\n@media (max-width: 800px) {\n  .peds-guide-section {\n    max-width: 97%;\n    margin: 26px auto;\n  }\n  .peds-guide-inner {\n    padding: 20px 11px 15px 11px;\n    font-size: 1em;\n  }\n  .peds-guide-title {\n    font-size: 1.6em;\n    margin-top: 24px;\n    margin-bottom: 13px;\n  }\n}\n\u003C/style>\n","\u003Cdiv class=\"peds-guide-wrap\">\n  \u003Ch1 id=\"material_title\" class=\"peds-guide-title\">疱疹性咽峡炎—儿童健康指南\u003C/h1>\n",1230,"2026-07-28 14:04:36","疱疹性咽峡炎的理解与应对指南","疱疹性咽峡炎, 症状, 治疗, 儿童, 发烧, 预防, 免疫力, 口腔疼痛, 高热, 医院就医","了解疱疹性咽峡炎的症状、成因和治疗方案，帮助家长及时识别并应对孩子的疾病，降低健康风险。","2026-07-28 20:00:00",2,[35],{"menuId":36,"menuName":37,"parentId":21,"orderNum":33,"path":38,"component":39,"isFrame":40,"isCache":41,"menuType":42,"visible":43,"status":21,"createDept":6,"remark":23,"createTime":44,"children":45,"columnImage":46,"columnLogo":47,"uncheckedLogo":6,"checkedLogo":6,"isHot":43,"isHome":21,"forceLogin":21,"color":48,"seoTitle":49,"seoKeywords":50,"seoDescription":51,"contentNum":6,"promotionalPoster":52,"menuFrame":7,"innerLink":7,"parentView":7,"routeName":53,"routerPath":38,"componentInfo":39},"1986713082609147906","健康科普","article","/article.html","1","0","T",1,"2025-11-07 16:31:25",[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:49/d4291d16-ed1c-48dd-84c8-ec1f85980b75.png","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:52/6fe64094-9416-442c-a66d-032fb292666a.png","#c8e6ca","健康科普助力健康中国2030:共享健康知识新理念","健康科普, 健康中国, 科普知识, 健康家庭, 性健康, 营养健康, 运动健康, 科普宣传","探索健康科普在健康中国行动中的重要角色,了解最新的健康科普创新大赛、动漫及短视频,传播健康知识,助力全民健康。","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:56/bd33f471-6c54-4d1b-a364-b06973dbc144.png","Article","儿童疾病",true,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":57,"success":55},{"pageNo":43,"pageSize":58,"result":59,"totalSize":21},10,[],{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":61,"success":55},{"authors":62,"appraiseDimensionScoresVos":63},[],[]]