[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fnsWxPpEt2pmFrq_CUTwfC3wSZ-YNBDc5rU35yqt4s8g":8,"$fKExamIAzsqhI_7XK4OYxfbjtdmoOAPRAv9K4jpGlOPc":54,"$fjzoyX1x7j1HD6WSBDn56D9lLDqBgS68KlSiZiI-lwnY":68},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":53},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"specialistId":13,"specialistAssistants":14,"profilePhoto":15,"specialistName":16,"hospital":17,"department":18,"postsTitle":19,"materialTotal":20,"videoTotal":21,"isConcern":7,"title":22,"coverVertical":23,"coverAcross":24,"content":25,"description":26,"views":27,"likes":21,"isThumbsUp":7,"isCollection":7,"collections":21,"createTime":28,"seoTitle":22,"seoKeywords":29,"seoDescription":30,"shelvesTime":31,"version":32,"menus":33,"menuId":35,"type":20,"quality":52,"commentCount":21,"isComment":20},78304,871709,[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/app/37179/2026-01-20/03191728-1744-468f-ad49-e22ae2450ad5.png","周锦春","江苏省人民医院","骨科","主任医师",1,0,"麻醉在手术及疼痛管理中的重要性，你了解吗？","","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/AI/9212843b-ee57-476f-b81b-45ef7dc095ff.jpg","\u003Cdiv class=\"custom-article-container\">\n  \u003Ch1 id=\"material_title\" class=\"custom-article-title\">麻醉在手术及疼痛管理中的重要性，你了解吗？\u003C/h1>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-bg\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #F5F7FA 0%, #E8ECF3 100%); padding: 32px 18px 24px 18px; border-radius: 10px;\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"custom-section-title\">01 常见担忧：麻醉安全吗？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-content\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        很多朋友一提到“全麻”，总是有点忐忑。手术前夜，病房的走廊里会有人悄问医生：“我是不是会有危险？麻醉师都在做什么？”\u003Cspan class=\"custom-emoji\">🤔\u003C/span>这其实非常正常。对看不见摸不着的药物效应和麻醉过程，有疑问、有不安，并不罕见。\u003Cbr>\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        实际上，现代麻醉已经非常成熟可靠。和几十年前相比，今天的麻醉药物更安全，监护手段也更全面。比如，麻醉医生会用心电监护、无创血压计、脉氧仪等设备，实时追踪每个人的反应。哪怕只是呼吸速度的微小改变，也能第一时间发现。\u003Cbr>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"custom-highlighted\">\n          这意味着：手术中的每个环节，背后都有一套团队盯着，机会留给救治而不是意外。\n        \u003C/span>\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        研究显示，经过规范评估和个体化药物调控的麻醉，其重度并发症发生率已降到极低（参考：Kohn et al., To Err Is Human, 2000）。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp class=\"custom-quote\">\n        📝简单来说，如果你所选医院麻醉科有经验、设备齐全，经历麻醉的安全系数和日常医学检查相当，远高于大多数人的直觉判断。\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-bg\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #F8FAF5 0%, #EEF8F3 100%); padding: 32px 18px 24px 18px; border-radius: 10px;\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"custom-section-title\">02 生命体征管理：一切都在“看得见”的掌控范围\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-content\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        说到手术，很多人只关注主刀医生，却忽略了身后有一支“守夜队”：麻醉团队。病人上了手术台，最先接触和定期评估你状态的，其实是麻醉科的专家。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        以一位69岁女性为例，她因为双膝关节炎，刚接受左膝关节手术。全麻期间，麻醉医生实时观察她的血压（154/83 mmHg）、心率（78次/分）、体温等，动态处理用药调节，哪怕数据有细微波动，也会马上响应。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cul>\n        \u003Cli>\u003Cspan class=\"custom-emoji\">💓\u003C/span> 心率过快可能提示应激或者疼痛，需随时调整麻醉深度。\u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\u003Cspan class=\"custom-emoji\">🩸\u003C/span> 血压升高或下降都不能放过，背后可能隐藏失血、药物过量或合并症问题。\u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\u003Cspan class=\"custom-emoji\">🌡️\u003C/span> 体温略有变化，可能预示感染或药物反应，麻醉团队第一时间处理。\n        \u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ul>\n      \u003Cp>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"custom-highlighted\">这种全天候、毫秒级的监测，能让患者在术中保持最稳定状态。对于高血压、心脏病等慢病人群，个体化管理更显得重要。\n        \u003C/span>\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-bg\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #F6F8FA 0%, #F1F5F9 100%); padding: 32px 18px 24px 18px; border-radius: 10px;\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"custom-section-title\">03 急救复苏和重症监护：麻醉医生的“第二战场”\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-content\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        很少有人知道，危重监护病房和紧急复苏现场，经常活跃着麻醉科医生的身影。当病情陡变时，比如手术中突发心跳骤停、呼吸困难、出血休克，通常第一位冲上去的就是他们。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        急救时，麻醉医生能快速进行气道管理（如插管），精确用药（调节血压、恢复心跳），维持重要脏器供氧。此外，他们还会下达用药指令，配合心电除颤，甚至协助外科缝合等一系列救治。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        以文献为例，有研究指出：合格的麻醉团队参与，危重患者的围术期死亡率能显著下降（参考：Bainbridge et al., Perioperative and anaesthetic-related mortality, The Lancet, 2012）。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"custom-highlighted\">对于高龄、慢病患者，麻醉医生的“全能”本领，就是多一份安全保障。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-bg\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #FAF8F6 0%, #F2F1ED 100%); padding: 32px 18px 24px 18px; border-radius: 10px;\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"custom-section-title\">04 术后疼痛管理：别让痛苦成为“手术记忆”\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-content\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        过去，很多人觉得“手术就是得熬”，结果半夜疼得睡不着。其实，现代手术不再是“苦忍一夜”，有效的疼痛管理同样是一门“麻醉学问”。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cul>\n        \u003Cli>全麻或椎管内麻醉结束后，医生会根据手术类型和自身体质，选用地佐辛等镇痛药，或者联合多模式镇痛。\u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>时下常见的还有镇痛泵，能让药效平稳、用量安全，患者按需自控。\u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>麻醉医生会评估恢复期疼痛变化，适时优化镇痛方案，防止“忽轻忽重”或者过度用药。\u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ul>\n      \u003Cp>\n        研究发现，合理镇痛不仅让人少受折磨，还能促使早期功能锻炼，提高整体康复速度（参考：Kehlet & Dahl, Anaesthesia, surgery, and challenges in postoperative recovery, The Lancet, 2003）。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp class=\"custom-quote\">\n        \u003Cspan class=\"custom-emoji\">😊\u003C/span>疼痛管理“得当”，是手术舒适经历和康复效果的起点。\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-bg\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #F4F6FB 0%, #E9EFFA 100%); padding: 32px 18px 24px 18px; border-radius: 10px;\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"custom-section-title\">05 麻醉药物选择：不是“一刀切”\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-content\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        很多人关心：“不同麻药有什么区别？用得重了会不会对身体不好？”其实，每个人的身体状况和手术种类不同，麻醉药物的搭配也是因人而异，不可能“一把钥匙开所有锁”。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cul>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cb>全身麻醉：\u003C/b> 常用于大中型手术，通过静脉或吸入给药，让您在手术期间“沉睡”，保证无痛与遗忘。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cb>区域麻醉：\u003C/b> 比如椎管内麻醉，常应用于下肢手术，既能镇痛、又便于术后尽早下床活动。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cb>镇静镇痛：\u003C/b> 部分小型操作，人可保持清醒，由浅表麻醉联合镇痛药完成。\n        \u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ul>\n      \u003Cp>\n        69岁的女患者再一次提醒我们：她既往有高血压病史，麻醉团队要考虑用药对心血管的影响，术前充分交流、评估心肺功能，制定个性化麻醉方案，让每种药物都“合身合脚”。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"custom-highlighted\">麻醉药物的选择兼顾安全与舒适，术前沟通很重要。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-bg\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #F7FCFA 0%, #ECFFF8 100%); padding: 32px 18px 24px 18px; border-radius: 10px;\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"custom-section-title\">06 术后康复：恢复期的日常管理建议\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-content\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        手术只是康复的第一步，麻醉科医生还会“保驾护航”到术后恢复期。怎样科学管理疼痛、合理安排活动，对提升生活质量特别关键。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cul>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cspan class=\"custom-emoji\">🚶‍♀️\u003C/span>\u003Cb>早期活动：\u003C/b>麻醉效果消退后，医生会建议在安全情况下早期下床、适量活动，有助于预防血栓和促进关节灵活。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cspan class=\"custom-emoji\">🥗\u003C/span>\u003Cb>营养支持：\u003C/b>合理补充蛋白质、维生素D和钙剂，有助于手术愈合和骨质恢复。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cspan class=\"custom-emoji\">🛌\u003C/span>\u003Cb>疼痛管理：\u003C/b>术后几天如疼痛明显，可使用镇痛泵或口服药，但最好不要依赖单一药物，长期疼痛要和医生及时沟通。\n        \u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ul>\n      \u003Cp>\n        研究建议，合理活动和精准镇痛管理有助于老年手术患者早日恢复功能（参考：Parvataneni et al., Rapid Recovery Protocols for Knee Arthroplasty, J Arthroplasty, 2007）。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"custom-highlighted\">术后如果有剧烈疼痛、出血、短时间内不能下床，建议主动就医复查。多和医护团队交流，康复路上不孤单。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-bg\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #FBF7F2 0%, #FFF8F1 100%); padding: 32px 18px 24px 18px; border-radius: 10px;\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"custom-section-title\">07 预防为主：平时怎么做好准备？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-content\">\n      \u003Cul>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cspan class=\"custom-emoji\">🧘\u003C/span>\u003Cb>健康管理：\u003C/b>日常控制血压（如定期监测、适量运动），慢性病人群术前和医生充分沟通病史。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cspan class=\"custom-emoji\">🥕\u003C/span>\u003Cb>饮食建议：\u003C/b>高蛋白饮食有利于组织修复；蔬果富含维生素C，参与伤口愈合；富含钙的奶类有助骨骼健康。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cb>心理调适：\u003C/b>学会放松，适度转移注意力，术前适当了解麻醉流程能减轻焦虑。\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          \u003Cb>术前评估：\u003C/b>建议择期手术时提前2~4周做好全面检查，包括心功能、过敏史、慢病评估，为方案定制留足准备。\n        \u003C/li>\n      \u003C/ul>\n      \u003Cp>\n        有研究指出，术前健康宣教和营养改善能有效降低手术相关并发症发生率（参考：Weimann et al., ESPEN guideline: Clinical nutrition in surgery, Clin Nutr, 2017）。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"custom-highlighted\">积极管理每个小细节，就是给术中麻醉插上“安全伞”。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/p>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"custom-section-bg\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #F2FAF8 0%, #EEF9F6 100%); padding: 22px 14px 20px 14px; border-radius: 10px; margin-bottom:24px;\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"custom-section-title\">参考文献\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cul class=\"custom-references\">\n      \u003Cli>Kohn, L. T., Corrigan, J. M., & Donaldson, M. S. (Eds.). (2000). \u003Ci>To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System\u003C/i>. National Academies Press.\u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>Bainbridge, D., Martin, J., Arango, M., & Cheng, D. (2012). Perioperative and anaesthetic-related mortality in developed and developing countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. \u003Ci>The Lancet\u003C/i>, 380(9847), 1075-1081.\u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>Kehlet, H., & Dahl, J. B. (2003). Anaesthesia, surgery, and challenges in postoperative recovery. \u003Ci>The Lancet\u003C/i>, 362(9399), 1921-1928.\u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>Parvataneni, H. K., Shah, V. P., Howard, H., Cole, N., Ranawat, A. S., & Ranawat, C. S. (2007). Rapid Recovery Protocols for Knee Arthroplasty. \u003Ci>J Arthroplasty\u003C/i>, 22(7), 26-30.\u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>Weimann, A., Braga, M., Carli, F., Higashiguchi, T., Hübner, M., Klek, S., ... & Bischoff, S. C. (2017). ESPEN guideline: Clinical nutrition in surgery. \u003Ci>Clinical Nutrition\u003C/i>, 36(3), 623-650.\u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ul>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cstyle>\n.custom-article-container {\n  max-width: 880px;\n  margin: 38px auto 28px auto;\n  background-color: #ffffff;\n  border-radius: 16px;\n  box-shadow: 0 3px 24px 0 rgba(185, 193, 209, 0.09);\n  font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif;\n  font-size: 18px;\n  color: #28313f;\n  padding: 38px 18px 28px 18px;\n}\n.custom-article-title {\n  font-size: 2.35em;\n  font-weight: bold;\n  text-align: center;\n  margin: 0 0 37px 0;\n  color: #1B2838;\n  letter-spacing: 2px;\n}\n.custom-section-bg {\n  margin-bottom: 28px;\n  /* 背景在内联style调整 */\n}\n.custom-section-title {\n  font-size: 1.22em;\n  font-weight: bold;\n  margin-bottom: 17px;\n  color: #254873;\n  letter-spacing: 1.5px;\n}\n.custom-section-content p {\n  line-height: 1.85;\n  margin-bottom: 14px;\n  color: #415068;\n}\n.custom-emoji {\n  font-size: 1.13em;\n  vertical-align: text-bottom;\n  margin: 0 3px;\n}\n.custom-highlighted {\n  background: #F3F4F8;\n  border-left: 4px solid #96B2E6;\n  padding: 2px 12px;\n  border-radius: 4px;\n  color: #2b394c;\n  display: inline-block;\n  margin-top: 5px;\n  margin-bottom: 5px;\n}\n.custom-section-content ul {\n  margin-left: 18px;\n  padding-left: 15px;\n  margin-bottom: 16px;\n}\n.custom-section-content li {\n  margin-bottom: 13px;\n  line-height: 1.78;\n}\n.custom-quote {\n  background: #E4ECF7;\n  color: #295487;\n  border-left: 4px solid #88BEF8;\n  padding: 8px 16px;\n  border-radius: 4px;\n  font-size: 1.01em;\n  margin: 9px 0 7px 0;\n}\n.custom-references {\n  list-style-type: decimal;\n  padding-left: 24px;\n  font-size: 0.98em;\n  color: #497186;\n}\n.custom-references li {\n  margin-bottom: 8px;\n  line-height: 1.65;\n}\n@media (max-width: 700px) {\n  .custom-article-container {\n    font-size: 15.5px;\n    padding: 11px 3vw;\n  }\n  .custom-article-title {\n    font-size: 1.35em;\n    margin-bottom: 23px;\n  }\n  .custom-section-bg {\n    padding: 19px 7px 13px 7px;\n  }\n  .custom-section-title {\n    font-size: 1.01em;\n    margin-bottom: 11px;\n  }\n}\n\u003C/style>","\u003Cdiv class=\"custom-article-container\">\n  \u003Ch1 id=\"material_title\" class=\"custom-article-title\">麻醉在手术及",541,"2026-01-21 01:09:24","麻醉, 安全, 手术, 疼痛管理, 生命体征监控, 麻醉药物","现代麻醉安全可靠，麻醉医生实时监控生命体征，确保手术顺利。了解麻醉的重要性，让你的手术体验更加安心与专业。","2026-02-27 15:30:00",2,[34],{"menuId":35,"menuName":36,"parentId":21,"orderNum":32,"path":37,"component":38,"isFrame":39,"isCache":40,"menuType":41,"visible":20,"status":21,"createDept":6,"remark":23,"createTime":42,"children":43,"columnImage":44,"columnLogo":45,"uncheckedLogo":6,"checkedLogo":6,"isHot":20,"isHome":21,"forceLogin":21,"color":46,"seoTitle":47,"seoKeywords":48,"seoDescription":49,"contentNum":6,"promotionalPoster":50,"menuFrame":7,"innerLink":7,"parentView":7,"routeName":51,"routerPath":37,"componentInfo":38},"1986713082609147906","健康科普","article","/article.html","1","0","T","2025-11-07 16:31:25",[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:49/d4291d16-ed1c-48dd-84c8-ec1f85980b75.png","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:52/6fe64094-9416-442c-a66d-032fb292666a.png","#c8e6ca","健康科普助力健康中国2030:共享健康知识新理念","健康科普, 健康中国, 科普知识, 健康家庭, 性健康, 营养健康, 运动健康, 科普宣传","探索健康科普在健康中国行动中的重要角色,了解最新的健康科普创新大赛、动漫及短视频,传播健康知识,助力全民健康。","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:56/bd33f471-6c54-4d1b-a364-b06973dbc144.png","Article","慢性病",true,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":55,"success":53},{"pageNo":20,"pageSize":56,"result":57,"totalSize":20},10,[58],{"id":59,"updateTime":60,"averageScore":61,"posts":19,"specialistId":62,"userName":63,"hospital":64,"avatar":65,"description":66,"department":67},35603,"2026-05-21 09:45:55",9.4,924285,"朱跃坤","苏州市吴中人民医院","https://cdn.haohuanjiao.com/learnMaterial/ystApp//ZPrRHD4vrTtFqWgdd5Y0g6UYrMMC0lDk.png","这篇文章直击大众对麻醉安全的普遍焦虑，以病房真实场景切入，用通俗语言拆解现代麻醉的安全保障体系。通过心电监护、脉氧仪等实例，直观展现麻醉医生的实时守护，既打消了患者对全麻的恐惧，又传递了麻醉在手术与疼痛管理中的核心价值，兼具专业性与人文关怀，读来安心又易懂。","麻醉科",{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":69,"success":53},{"authors":70,"appraiseDimensionScoresVos":73},[71],{"profilePhoto":65,"specialistId":72},"924285",[74,79,83,86,91],{"id":75,"scores":76,"value":77,"dimensionId":6,"avgs":77,"title":78},326289,30,25,"内容准确性",{"id":80,"scores":81,"value":81,"dimensionId":6,"avgs":81,"title":82},326290,20,"内容深度与广度",{"id":84,"scores":81,"value":81,"dimensionId":6,"avgs":81,"title":85},326291,"语言表达",{"id":87,"scores":88,"value":89,"dimensionId":6,"avgs":89,"title":90},326292,15,14,"呈现形式",{"id":92,"scores":88,"value":89,"dimensionId":6,"avgs":89,"title":93},326293,"教育价值"]