[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fQ23AGC2bqKbgL_SDzlKREbTaZ1StJTL1Gl7LnqNOd0U":8,"$fbfO1ljtpV1h4HkdKOGv2L6xxPYRj_SJTcIL12kYQJpo":55,"$fUNW3mNUq2wDNP7feWYJmDYKGb55yuaAk1wtla3gBJxQ":59},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":54},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"specialistId":13,"specialistAssistants":14,"profilePhoto":15,"specialistName":16,"hospital":17,"department":18,"postsTitle":19,"materialTotal":20,"videoTotal":21,"isConcern":7,"title":22,"coverVertical":23,"coverAcross":24,"content":25,"description":26,"views":27,"likes":21,"isThumbsUp":7,"isCollection":7,"collections":21,"createTime":28,"seoTitle":22,"seoKeywords":29,"seoDescription":30,"shelvesTime":31,"version":32,"menus":33,"menuId":35,"type":42,"quality":53,"commentCount":21,"isComment":42},74358,868817,[],"https://cdn.haohuanjiao.com/learnMaterial/ystApp//KDAlQpMZiNCyKUhmwqS4YSpZbOYU9Erv.png","徐楚楚","绍兴市人民医院","普外科","主治医师",57,0,"🏥 结肠恶性肿瘤：你需要知道的健康知识","","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/AI/a61c3984-0c9e-47dc-b3de-f72992001e8b.jpg","\u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-container\">\n  \u003Ch1 id=\"material_title\" class=\"colon-tumor-guide-title\" style=\"margin-top:40px;\">\n    🏥 结肠恶性肿瘤：你需要知道的健康知识\n  \u003C/h1>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-section colon-bg-01\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"colon-tumor-guide-subtitle\">01 结肠恶性肿瘤到底是什么？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-content\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        有时候在家吃饭，忽然听亲戚说起“结肠癌”，不少人第一反应是感觉离自己很远。其实，结肠恶性肿瘤也叫结肠癌，是发生在结肠（大肠的一部分）的癌症，大多数情况源自结肠粘膜，慢发展出来。它在40岁以后、特别是上了年纪的人群里，发病率逐年攀升。\u003Cbr>\n        简单来说，这种肿瘤本质是结肠里的细胞出了“错”，变成了异常细胞，开始不受控制地生长，最终侵犯周围组织，甚至扩散到身体其他部位。医学研究显示，结肠癌在我国恶性肿瘤发病率中居前列，生活习惯、年龄等因素都和它有关系（Arnold M. et al., \"Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence\", Gut, 2017）。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-box colon-bg-tips\">\n        \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-emoji\">🔍\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-tip\">\n          别以为“没有症状就安全”，结肠癌前期往悄无声息，有些患者完全没有任何不适。\n        \u003C/span>\n      \u003C/div>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-section colon-bg-02\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"colon-tumor-guide-subtitle\">02 怎样识别结肠癌症状？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-content\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        结肠癌的早期症状经常被忽视，因为表现很微妙。有时只是偶尔肚子不舒服，或者排便和往常有些差别，比如偶尔拉肚子、偶尔便秘，但很快又恢复正常；有的人只是偶尔腹部胀气，总觉得吃完饭后肚子有点“闹腾”，却不把它当回事。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        如果肿瘤发展了，症状会变得明显起来。最常见的是持续性腹痛，不再是偶尔“闹肚子”那么简单；排便习惯持续改变，比如持续便秘或腹泻，甚至大便带血或者颜色变暗。有些人还会出现体重缓慢下降、疲劳乏力。想家里那位64岁的男性患者，最初只是觉得肚子偶尔不舒服，几年前肠癌手术后没太在意身体变化，后来才发现已经发生了盆腔、腹膜后多处转移（详见病例描述）。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-box colon-bg-tips\">\n        \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-emoji\">⚠️\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-tip\">\n          别忽视“持续”的症状。如果腹痛、便血、排便习惯变化超过两周，建议及时去医院做检查。\n        \u003C/span>\n      \u003C/div>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-section colon-bg-03\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"colon-tumor-guide-subtitle\">03 结肠癌的致病机制是什么？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-content\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        结肠恶性肿瘤怎么来的？说起来，它和很多因素交织在一起。影响最大的因素是年龄——结肠癌风险在50岁以后明显升高。还有，遗传也扮演了重要角色，比如直系亲属有结肠癌病史，风险提升不少。有些遗传综合征，比如结直肠腺瘤性息肉病，就是结肠癌的“高危信号”（Lynch HT et al., \"Hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes: molecular genetics, genetic counseling, diagnosis and management\", Fam Cancer, 2008）。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        生活方式同样影响巨大。比如长期摄入高脂饮食、摄入红肉多而新鲜蔬菜水果少，缺乏运动，还有肥胖、吸烟、过量饮酒等，都是被科学证实过的风险因素。肠道慢性炎症（如溃疡性结肠炎）、长期便秘也是风险所在。结肠癌的发生，还涉及基因突变，细胞周期失控，让异常细胞像漏掉管控的交通一样，越积越多，最终形成肿瘤。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-box colon-bg-tips\">\n        \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-emoji\">📊\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-tip\">\n          数据显示，定期运动可降低15%-20%的结肠癌发病风险（Physical activity and risk of colon and rectal cancer, Int J Cancer, 2008）。\n        \u003C/span>\n      \u003C/div>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-section colon-bg-04\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"colon-tumor-guide-subtitle\">04 如何进行结肠癌的诊断检查？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-content\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        想要确认有没有结肠癌，最权威的办法是去医院做结肠镜检查。结肠镜相当于给肠道做一次“摄影”，能直观看到结肠内壁是否有异常组织，必要时可直接取出一小块做化验。其他常用的检查还包括血液肿瘤标志物检测、CT、MRI、PET-CT等影像学检查，可以帮助医生判断肿瘤的大小、位置和有无转移。\u003Cbr>\n        医生会根据你的年龄、病史、症状选择合适的检查手段。比如上面提到的64岁男性患者，之前做肠镜发现肿瘤，后来多处转移，进一步通过CT明确盆腔、肺和腹膜后淋巴结多处继发恶性改变，最终确诊为IV期结肠恶性肿瘤。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-box colon-bg-tips\">\n        \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-emoji\">🧪\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-tip\">\n          检查建议：出现持续性腹痛、便血等症状，及40岁以上人群均建议每2-3年做一次肠镜筛查。\n        \u003C/span>\n      \u003C/div>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-section colon-bg-05\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"colon-tumor-guide-subtitle\">05 结肠癌有什么治疗方法？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-content\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        结肠癌治疗方式比较多，根据肿瘤大小、位置、分期而定。大部分早期结肠癌患者会选择手术，把异常组织切除掉。如果发现得早，手术后效果挺好。不过，晚期或者已经有转移的患者，还需要配合放疗、化疗，甚至免疫治疗、新型靶向药物。治疗过程对身体影响不小，有的人会出现贫血、白细胞减少、骨髓功能抑制等，这时候需要对症处理，比如升白细胞药物、输血等（如病例里的患者，术后几年发现肿瘤已经转移到盆腔、肺及淋巴结，还伴有肾功能不全和重度贫血，医生采用了放疗加免疫药物辅助疗法）。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        其实治疗最重要的是“方案组合”。医生会根据每个人的具体情况定制治疗计划，如果肿瘤比较早，通常只需要手术；如果发展到IV期，如上述案例，综合治疗是必需的。科学数据显示，早期结肠癌的5年生存率可达90%左右，晚期则明显下降，这也提醒我们关注早发现早诊断。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-box colon-bg-tips\">\n        \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-emoji\">💉\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-tip\">\n          治疗选择需个体化，不同患者可能会采用完全不同的联合方案，务必与专业医生充分沟通。\n        \u003C/span>\n      \u003C/div>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-section colon-bg-06\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"colon-tumor-guide-subtitle\">06 如何管理日常生活以防止结肠癌？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-content\">\n      \u003Cp>\n        说到日常管理，科学饮食和适量运动是结肠健康的“守护者”。这里给大家几个具体建议：\u003Cbr>\n        \u003C/p>\u003Cul class=\"colon-tumor-guide-list\">\n          \u003Cli>\n            \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-food\">新鲜蔬菜\u003C/span>：丰富的膳食纤维有助于肠道蠕动，推荐每天搭配三种不同颜色的蔬菜。纤维能促进正常排便，降低肠道致癌物质停留时间。\n          \u003C/li>\n          \u003Cli>\n            \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-food\">全谷物\u003C/span>：粗粮、燕麦等全谷类食物，含有丰富B族维生素和微量元素，每天一餐主食换成粗粮，对肠道有好处。\n          \u003C/li>\n          \u003Cli>\n            \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-food\">低脂肪瘦肉\u003C/span>：选择鱼肉、鸡胸肉等低脂肪肉类，有益蛋白质摄入，别忘了烹饪方式以煮、炖为主，减少煎炸带来的负担。\n          \u003C/li>\n          \u003Cli>\n            \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-food\">酸奶\u003C/span>：适量摄入优质酸奶，有益肠道菌群平衡，每天早餐或下午茶都可以安排一份。\n          \u003C/li>\n          \u003Cli>\n            \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-food\">坚果\u003C/span>：核桃、杏仁、腰果都能为身体提供优质脂肪和微量元素，每天一小把即可。\n          \u003C/li>\n        \u003C/ul>\n        合理安排饮食同时，坚持每周3-4次快走、游泳。这样不仅提升身体免疫力，还能平衡肠道内环境，降低细胞“出错”风险（WCRF/AICR, \"Diet, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Cancer: a Global Perspective,\" 2018）。\n      \u003Cp>\u003C/p>\n      \u003Cp>\n        对于40岁以上人群，或家族有肠癌病史的人，建议定期做结肠镜筛查；有特殊症状时，及时就医，选择正规的三甲医院或专科医院检查。别等“小麻烦”变成“大问题”，日常养护加上定期体检，就是最有效的防线。\n      \u003C/p>\n      \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-box colon-bg-tips\">\n        \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-emoji\">🌱\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"colon-tumor-guide-tip\">\n          顺畅排便、均衡饮食和积极运动，可以让肠道远离“异常细胞”的滋扰。\n        \u003C/span>\n      \u003C/div>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-section colon-bg-07\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"colon-tumor-guide-subtitle\">参考文献\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-content colon-guide-ref\">\n      \u003Cul>\n        \u003Cli>\n          Arnold, M., Sierra, M. S., Laversanne, M., et al. (2017). Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. \u003Cstrong>Gut\u003C/strong>, 66(4), 683-691. \u003Ca href=\"https://gut.bmj.com/content/66/4/683\" target=\"_blank\">Gut\u003C/a>\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          Lynch, H. T., & de la Chapelle, A. (2008). Hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes: molecular genetics, genetic counseling, diagnosis and management. \u003Cstrong>Fam Cancer\u003C/strong>, 7(1), 27-39. \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18161759/\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed\u003C/a>\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          Friedenreich, C. M., Neilson, H. K., Lynch, B. M. (2008). Physical activity and risk of colon and rectal cancer. \u003Cstrong>International Journal of Cancer\u003C/strong>, 133(3), 727-740. \u003Ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ijc.28043\" target=\"_blank\">Wiley\u003C/a>\n        \u003C/li>\n        \u003Cli>\n          World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research. (2018). Diet, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Cancer: a Global Perspective. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wcrf.org/diet-activity-and-cancer/\" target=\"_blank\">WCRF/AICR\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003C/div>\u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cstyle>\n/* - 独立样式命名，避免影响全局布局 - */\n.colon-tumor-guide-container {\n  max-width: 880px;\n  margin: 0 auto;\n  font-family: \"Helvetica Neue\", Arial, \"PingFang SC\", \"微软雅黑\", sans-serif;\n  background: #f7f7fa;\n  border-radius: 20px;\n  box-shadow: 0px 6px 18px 0px rgba(110,115,128,0.05);\n  padding: 32px 32px 40px 32px;\n  word-break: break-word;\n}\n\n.colon-tumor-guide-title {\n  font-size: 2.1em;\n  font-weight: bold;\n  color: #384657;\n  text-align: center;\n  letter-spacing: 2px;\n  margin-bottom: 36px;\n}\n\n.colon-tumor-guide-section {\n  margin-bottom: 38px;\n  border-radius: 14px;\n  box-shadow: 0px 4px 12px 0px rgba(90,114,130,0.04);\n  padding: 28px 24px 26px 24px;\n  position: relative;\n}\n\n.colon-tumor-guide-subtitle {\n  font-size: 1.38em;\n  font-weight: 500;\n  color: #254466;\n  margin-bottom: 12px;\n  margin-top: 0;\n  letter-spacing: 1px;\n}\n\n.colon-tumor-guide-content {\n  font-size: 1.06em;\n  color: #374b4a;\n  line-height: 1.95em;\n  margin-bottom: 12px;\n}\n\n.colon-bg-01 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #eef6fa 0%, #e6f4ee 100%);\n}\n.colon-bg-02 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #faf5eb 0%, #f8f1ed 100%);\n}\n.colon-bg-03 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f7f8f4 0%, #e9efe8 100%);\n}\n.colon-bg-04 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f8fcfa 0%, #eef4fb 100%);\n}\n.colon-bg-05 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f3f6f2 0%, #f9f3f7 100%);\n}\n.colon-bg-06 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f8faea 0%, #f4f0f7 100%);\n}\n.colon-bg-07 {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f7f5fc 0%, #f9f6ea 100%);\n}\n.colon-bg-end {\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #eef7f4 0%, #f1f4fa 100%);\n}\n\n.colon-tumor-guide-list {\n  margin-top: 6px;\n  margin-bottom: 18px;\n  padding-left: 26px;\n  color: #266c61;\n  font-size: 1.09em;\n}\n.colon-tumor-guide-list li {\n  margin-bottom: 8px;\n}\n\n.colon-tumor-guide-food {\n  font-weight: bold;\n  color: #1b5452;\n  margin-right: 6px;\n}\n\n.colon-tumor-guide-box {\n  margin-top: 15px;\n  margin-bottom: 3px;\n  padding: 8px 18px;\n  border-radius: 10px;\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f2f8fd 0%, #f6f6f2 100%);\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  box-shadow: 0px 2px 8px 0px rgba(146,158,207,0.09);\n}\n\n.colon-tumor-guide-emoji {\n  font-size: 1.4em;\n  margin-right: 8px;\n}\n\n.colon-tumor-guide-tip {\n  color: #3c665c;\n  font-size: 1.01em;\n  font-weight: 500;\n  line-height: 1.65em;\n}\n\n.colon-guide-ref {\n  color: #2d506c;\n}\n.colon-guide-ref ul {\n  margin-left: 0;\n  padding-left: 18px;\n  margin-top: 8px;\n}\n.colon-guide-ref li {\n  margin-bottom: 12px;\n  font-size: 0.98em;\n  line-height: 1.85em;\n}\n\n.colon-tumor-guide-end {\n  font-size: 1.09em;\n  color: #374b4a;\n  line-height: 2.01em;\n  padding-top: 4px;\n  text-align: left;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 900px) {\n  .colon-tumor-guide-container {\n    padding: 16px 8px 18px 8px;\n  }\n  .colon-tumor-guide-title {\n    font-size: 1.12em;\n    padding-top: 12px;\n    margin-bottom: 18px;\n  }\n  .colon-tumor-guide-section {\n    padding: 11px 6px 10px 6px;\n    font-size: 0.96em;\n  }\n}\n\u003C/style>","\u003Cdiv class=\"colon-tumor-guide-container\">\n  \u003Ch1 id=\"material_title\" class=\"colon-tumor-guide-title\" ",545,"2025-11-27 01:16:32","结肠癌, 结肠恶性肿瘤, 早期症状, 预防结肠癌, 结肠癌筛查","了解结肠癌的症状、致病机制及预防方法。关注早期筛查与健康饮食，保护您的肠道健康，尤其适合40岁以上人群。","2026-01-03 21:30:00",2,[34],{"menuId":35,"menuName":36,"parentId":21,"orderNum":32,"path":37,"component":38,"isFrame":39,"isCache":40,"menuType":41,"visible":42,"status":21,"createDept":6,"remark":23,"createTime":43,"children":44,"columnImage":45,"columnLogo":46,"uncheckedLogo":6,"checkedLogo":6,"isHot":42,"isHome":21,"forceLogin":21,"color":47,"seoTitle":48,"seoKeywords":49,"seoDescription":50,"contentNum":6,"promotionalPoster":51,"menuFrame":7,"innerLink":7,"parentView":7,"routeName":52,"routerPath":37,"componentInfo":38},"1986713082609147906","健康科普","article","/article.html","1","0","T",1,"2025-11-07 16:31:25",[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:49/d4291d16-ed1c-48dd-84c8-ec1f85980b75.png","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:52/6fe64094-9416-442c-a66d-032fb292666a.png","#c8e6ca","健康科普助力健康中国2030:共享健康知识新理念","健康科普, 健康中国, 科普知识, 健康家庭, 性健康, 营养健康, 运动健康, 科普宣传","探索健康科普在健康中国行动中的重要角色,了解最新的健康科普创新大赛、动漫及短视频,传播健康知识,助力全民健康。","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:56/bd33f471-6c54-4d1b-a364-b06973dbc144.png","Article","癌症肿瘤,重大疾病",true,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":56,"success":54},{"pageNo":42,"pageSize":57,"result":58,"totalSize":21},10,[],{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":60,"success":54},{"authors":61,"appraiseDimensionScoresVos":62},[],[]]