[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fLmcPH6WXTtK7Tp9KTZelGbvqVQFINSPByOTZFb8Vszw":8,"$fgwq6EzzSSp0wbf62AmOqZmOjc8_qNKXlcSu2FlY_LjA":55,"$fx_4trnOxl0y0CQQ-eKheZ8ebgGYoVPXT85XXy7dcEcw":59},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":54},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"specialistId":13,"specialistAssistants":14,"profilePhoto":15,"specialistName":16,"hospital":17,"department":18,"postsTitle":19,"materialTotal":20,"videoTotal":21,"isConcern":7,"title":22,"coverVertical":23,"coverAcross":24,"content":25,"description":26,"views":27,"likes":21,"isThumbsUp":7,"isCollection":7,"collections":21,"createTime":28,"seoTitle":22,"seoKeywords":29,"seoDescription":30,"shelvesTime":31,"version":32,"menus":33,"menuId":35,"type":42,"quality":53,"commentCount":21,"isComment":42},66212,870211,[],"https://cdn.haohuanjiao.com/learnMaterial/ystApp//asknO5BON4ILmaGySngB678AjuK0nT7z.png","杜慧敏","合肥佰惠医院","内科","住院医师",92,0,"结肠癌：识别、预防与治疗的全方位指南","","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/AI/18e1cac4-4950-49f4-a3bb-43f38a172273.jpg","\u003Cdiv id=\"material_title\" class=\"coloncancer-title\">\r\n  \u003Ch1 style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">结肠癌：识别、预防与治疗的全方位指南\u003C/h1>\r\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-title-line\">\u003C/div>\r\n\u003C/div>\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-section coloncancer-bg-01\">\r\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"coloncancer-subtitle\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">01 什么是结肠癌？\u003C/h2>\r\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-content\">\r\n    \u003Cp>\r\n      或许你听说身边有人因为肠道不舒服，去医院检查才发现是结肠癌。其实，结肠癌就是发生在大肠的恶性肿瘤。这种癌症有点像身体里的“不速之客”，它悄悄地改变肠道细胞，让原本健康的组织变得异常。\u003Cbr>\r\n      结肠癌并不罕见，尤其在中老年群体更易出现。世界卫生组织报告显示，结肠癌是全球癌症死亡的第二大原因，发病率随年龄增加而升高（WHO, \"Colorectal cancer\", 2023）。\u003Cbr>\r\n      如果忽视了早期信号，结肠癌可能给身体带来很大负担，影响消化、营养吸收甚至整体生活质量。⚕️\r\n    \u003C/p>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-tip\">\r\n      小提醒：结肠癌早期没有明显不适，容易被误认为普通肠胃问题，别轻视肠道的微妙变化。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n  \u003C/div>\r\n\u003C/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-section coloncancer-bg-02\">\r\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"coloncancer-subtitle\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">02 结肠癌的常见症状有哪些？\u003C/h2>\r\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-content\">\r\n    \u003Cp>\r\n      正常情况下，肠道运作像流水线一样稳定。不过，出现某些变化时要特别关注：\r\n    \u003C/p>\r\n    \u003Cul class=\"coloncancer-list\">\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        \u003Cstrong>肠道习惯突然变了\u003C/strong>：比如之前一直正常，现在偶尔腹泻、便秘，或者大便形状变细，这种情况偶尔发生未必就是疾病，但持续几周就需警惕。简单来说，肠道的“节奏”失调要留心。\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        \u003Cstrong>便血或排便带血\u003C/strong>：如果发现大便夹杂血丝，颜色较深，尤其持续出现时，这是一类明显的警示信号。不能总当做痔疮处理，忽略反而耽误病情。\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        \u003Cstrong>腹部不适\u003C/strong>：包括腹痛、腹胀、或莫名的绞痛。有的人还会在没有减肥努力的情况下突然体重下降，这说明身体出了新“状况”。\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        \u003Cstrong>持续疲劳\u003C/strong>：长期疲惫、乏力，有时候肠道慢性失血，导致铁缺乏，这种情况在老年人尤其要引起注意。\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n    \u003C/ul>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-case\">\r\n      🩺\r\n      案例：73岁的男性术后复查，早期无症状，但晚期出现腹部不适和排便改变，最终确诊为乙状结肠癌。这提醒我们，细微变化别忽视，及时检查非常关键。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n  \u003C/div>\r\n\u003C/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-section coloncancer-bg-03\">\r\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"coloncancer-subtitle\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">03 为什么会得结肠癌？\u003C/h2>\r\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-content\">\r\n    \u003Cp>\r\n      说起来，结肠癌的发生就像一场“隐秘”的细胞变异。下面为大家分析一下主要原因：\r\n    \u003C/p>\r\n    \u003Cul class=\"coloncancer-list\">\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        \u003Cstrong>年龄增长\u003C/strong>：50岁以上患病风险逐渐上升，细胞修复能力减弱，异常细胞更容易出现。\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        \u003Cstrong>遗传易感性\u003C/strong>：家族中有人患过结肠癌或者有遗传性肠道疾病（如林奇综合征），后代风险更高。\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        \u003Cstrong>饮食结构\u003C/strong>：长期高脂肪、低膳食纤维饮食，加工肉制品吃得多，新鲜蔬菜水果摄入少，身体防护力下降。研究表明，这种饮食方式与结肠癌密切相关（Vuik, F.E., et al., \"Environmental risk factors for colorectal cancer\", 2019, Gut）。\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        \u003Cstrong>慢性炎症及息肉\u003C/strong>：长期肠炎或肠道息肉没有彻底处理，局部组织反复受损，癌变几率增大。\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        \u003Cstrong>生活习惯\u003C/strong>：肥胖、久坐不动、吸烟、过量饮酒等，都是“拦路虎”，为异常细胞的发展提供机会。\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n    \u003C/ul>\r\n    \u003Cp>\r\n      其实，多个因素叠加，大大增加患病概率。数据显示，结及直肠癌占所有癌症病例的10%，居高不下（Arnold, M. et.al., \"Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality,\" Gut, 2017）。\r\n    \u003C/p>\r\n  \u003C/div>\r\n\u003C/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-section coloncancer-bg-04\">\r\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"coloncancer-subtitle\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">04 结肠癌的诊断方式有哪些？\u003C/h2>\r\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-content\">\r\n    \u003Cp>\r\n      老话说“知己知彼”，结肠癌的诊断需要专业“侦查”。目前医学筛查主要靠这些办法：\r\n    \u003C/p>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-list\">\r\n      \u003Cstrong>1. 肠镜检查\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\r\n      医生用一根软管仔细观察结肠内部是否有异常组织或息肉，并取出小块组织做病理分析。大部分结肠癌都能在镜下发现。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-list\">\r\n      \u003Cstrong>2. 影像学辅助\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\r\n      有时医生会推荐腹部CT或MRI，帮助判断肿瘤大小、深入程度以及是否影响其他器官。如果怀疑癌症已扩散，影像学检查必不可少。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-list\">\r\n      \u003Cstrong>3. 实验室检测\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\r\n      包括粪便潜血检测和一些血液指标，尤其对于没有明显症状的人来说，是简单有效的筛查方式。\u003Cbr>\r\n      🔬\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n    \u003Cp>\r\n      建议：有家族史、持续腹部症状或排便习惯变化的人，40岁以后每2年做一次肠道检查最为稳妥；早发现比拖延更安全。\r\n    \u003C/p>\r\n  \u003C/div>\r\n\u003C/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-section coloncancer-bg-05\">\r\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"coloncancer-subtitle\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">05 结肠癌的治疗有哪些方式？\u003C/h2>\r\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-content\">\r\n    \u003Cp>\r\n      面对结肠癌，“修复”身体的方法有不少，重点是要对症下药。\u003Cbr>\r\n    \u003C/p>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-list\">\r\n      \u003Cstrong>手术切除\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\r\n      早期结肠癌，通常选择直接将肿瘤及周边组织切除。如果癌症仅限肠道区域，切除后治愈几率非常高。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-list\">\r\n      \u003Cstrong>辅助化疗\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\r\n      很多患者术后会接受化疗，例如氧化铂联合卡培他滨，目的是清除可能残留的异常细胞，减少复发风险。具体方案由医生根据分期和病理情况决定。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-list\">\r\n      \u003Cstrong>靶向与免疫治疗\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\r\n      若肿瘤具有特殊基因特征（比如MSI-H），可考虑免疫疗法或靶向药物。它们对某些晚期患者有不错的效果。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-list\">\r\n      \u003Cstrong>放疗\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\r\n      通常用于直肠癌或者癌症已侵犯周边结构，对减轻症状和控制局部病变很有帮助。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-list\">\r\n      \u003Cstrong>随访监测\u003C/strong>\u003Cbr>\r\n      治疗后建议定期做影像和实验室检查，方便及时发现复发或新发病变，帮助调整后续方案。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n    \u003Cp>\r\n      每种方式都有不同适应证，医生会根据具体情况个性化制定方案，让身体“重启”健康循环。医学界数据显示，早期诊断联合规范治疗，五年生存率能达到85%以上（Siegel, R.L. et al., \"Colorectal cancer statistics, 2023\", CA Cancer J Clin, 2023）。\r\n    \u003C/p>\r\n  \u003C/div>\r\n\u003C/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-section coloncancer-bg-06\">\r\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"coloncancer-subtitle\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">06 日常如何降低结肠癌风险？\u003C/h2>\r\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-content\">\r\n    \u003Cp>\r\n      和结肠癌“和谐相处”的秘诀，其实很简单——养成健康习惯，用正面方法守护肠道。\r\n    \u003C/p>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-healthy-list\">\r\n      \u003Cstrong>1. 多吃蔬菜水果\u003C/strong>\r\n      🥗\r\n      新鲜蔬菜和水果富含膳食纤维，帮助肠道维持正常运作，减少异常细胞出现。建议每天都在餐桌上安排一些彩色蔬果。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-healthy-list\">\r\n      \u003Cstrong>2. 适量豆类和粗粮\u003C/strong>\r\n      🌾\r\n      豆类和全谷粗粮包含丰富维生素和矿物质，有助肠道菌群健康。早餐可尝试豆浆杂粮粥，既踏实又营养。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-healthy-list\">\r\n      \u003Cstrong>3. 每周适度锻炼\u003C/strong>\r\n      🚶‍♂️\r\n      运动增强免疫力，提升身体新陈代谢。可以每天快走30分钟，或选择适合自己的运动方式。没有必要一下子高度自律，关键在坚持。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-healthy-list\">\r\n      \u003Cstrong>4. 按时体检，不拖延\u003C/strong>\r\n      📅\r\n      建议40岁后每2年做一次肠道筛查，有家族病史则可以更提前。检查包括粪便潜血和肠镜，根据医生建议灵活安排。\r\n    \u003C/div>\r\n    \u003Cp>\r\n      实际上，结肠癌防治并不难，“吃得新鲜、动得起来、查得及时”就是最具体的三句话。碰到肠道持续不适时，不要只靠自我判断，科学就医才是最好的选择。\r\n    \u003C/p>\r\n  \u003C/div>\r\n\u003C/div>\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-section coloncancer-bg-07\">\r\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"coloncancer-subtitle\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">参考文献\u003C/h2>\r\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"coloncancer-content\">\r\n    \u003Col class=\"coloncancer-ref\">\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        Arnold, M., Sierra, M.S., Laversanne, M., et al. (2017). Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. \u003Cem>Gut\u003C/em>, 66(4), 683-691.\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        Vuik, F.E., Nieuwenburg, S.A., Bardou, M., et al. (2019). Environmental risk factors for colorectal cancer: An evidence-based review. \u003Cem>Gut\u003C/em>, 68(7), 1247-1257.\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        Siegel, R.L., Miller, K.D., Fuchs, H.E., et al. (2023). Colorectal cancer statistics, 2023. \u003Cem>CA Cancer J Clin\u003C/em>, 73(5), 349-372.\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n      \u003Cli>\r\n        World Health Organization. (2023). \u003Ca href=\"https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/colorectal-cancer\" target=\"_blank\">Colorectal cancer fact sheet\u003C/a>.\r\n      \u003C/li>\r\n    \u003C/ol>\r\n  \u003C/div>\r\n\u003C/div>\r\n\r\n\u003Cstyle>\r\n.coloncancer-title {\r\n  text-align: center;\r\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #c9e7e1 0%, #e0e3f5 100%);\r\n  padding: 40px 0 20px 0;\r\n  font-size: 24px;\r\n  color: #345568;\r\n  letter-spacing: 3px;\r\n  border-bottom: 6px solid #b4c9df;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-title-line {\r\n  width: 80px;\r\n  margin: 18px auto 0 auto;\r\n  height: 6px;\r\n  background: #aacada;\r\n  border-radius: 6px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-section {\r\n  margin: 28px 0 0 0;\r\n  border-radius: 16px;\r\n  box-shadow: 0 4px 22px #e4e7f1;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n  padding: 16px 32px 24px 32px;\r\n  max-width: 900px;\r\n  margin-left: auto;\r\n  margin-right: auto;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-bg-01 {\r\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f6fbfc 60%, #e3f2fd 100%);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-bg-02 {\r\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #e4f4ed 65%, #f6ebf9 100%);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-bg-03 {\r\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f2f6ea 65%, #eef6fa 100%);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-bg-04 {\r\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f4e9ec 65%, #f4f5fd 100%);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-bg-05 {\r\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f2f9fa 65%, #fff8f1 100%);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-bg-06 {\r\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #ffeecf 65%, #fef6ed 100%);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-bg-07 {\r\n  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f5f5f5 65%, #e6e8fc 100%);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-subtitle {\r\n  font-size: 28px;\r\n  color: #44677d;\r\n  font-weight: bold;\r\n  margin-bottom: 18px;\r\n  margin-top: 12px;\r\n  padding-top: 8px;\r\n  line-height: 1.2;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-content {\r\n  font-size: 19px;\r\n  color: #3a4f55;\r\n  line-height: 1.8;\r\n  margin-bottom: 12px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-emoji {\r\n  font-size: 1.2em;\r\n  vertical-align: middle;\r\n  margin-right: 4px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-list {\r\n  margin: 14px 0;\r\n  font-size: 18px;\r\n  padding-left: 18px;\r\n  color: #2d4453;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-tip {\r\n  background: #e4f3fa;\r\n  padding: 10px 16px;\r\n  border-radius: 12px;\r\n  font-size: 17px;\r\n  color: #347a83;\r\n  margin: 10px 0;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-case {\r\n  background: #f6eedb;\r\n  padding: 12px 17px;\r\n  border-radius: 12px;\r\n  margin-top: 18px;\r\n  color: #a6772c;\r\n  font-size: 18px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-healthy-list {\r\n  background: #eef6f7;\r\n  margin: 12px 0;\r\n  padding: 11px 18px;\r\n  border-radius: 11px;\r\n  font-size: 18px;\r\n  color: #3a665a;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.coloncancer-ref {\r\n  font-size: 15px;\r\n  color: #4b456a;\r\n  margin-top: 8px;\r\n  padding-left: 20px;\r\n  line-height: 1.7;\r\n}\r\n\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 860px) {\r\n  #material_title,\r\n  .coloncancer-section {\r\n    max-width: 99%;\r\n    padding-left: 10px;\r\n    padding-right: 10px;\r\n  }\r\n  .coloncancer-content {\r\n    font-size: 16px;\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n\r\n\u003C/style>","\u003Cdiv id=\"material_title\" class=\"coloncancer-title\">\n  \u003Ch1 style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2",521,"2025-09-12 15:11:16","结肠癌, 大肠癌, 肠道健康, 症状, 预防措施, 生活习惯, 早期筛查, 治疗方法","了解结肠癌的症状、原因和治疗选项，从早期筛查到健康生活习惯，助你降低风险，维护肠道健康。专业指南帮你及时识别与应对。","2025-09-18 16:31:00",2,[34],{"menuId":35,"menuName":36,"parentId":21,"orderNum":32,"path":37,"component":38,"isFrame":39,"isCache":40,"menuType":41,"visible":42,"status":21,"createDept":6,"remark":23,"createTime":43,"children":44,"columnImage":45,"columnLogo":46,"uncheckedLogo":6,"checkedLogo":6,"isHot":42,"isHome":21,"forceLogin":21,"color":47,"seoTitle":48,"seoKeywords":49,"seoDescription":50,"contentNum":6,"promotionalPoster":51,"menuFrame":7,"innerLink":7,"parentView":7,"routeName":52,"routerPath":37,"componentInfo":38},"1986713082609147906","健康科普","article","/article.html","1","0","T",1,"2025-11-07 16:31:25",[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:49/d4291d16-ed1c-48dd-84c8-ec1f85980b75.png","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:52/6fe64094-9416-442c-a66d-032fb292666a.png","#c8e6ca","健康科普助力健康中国2030:共享健康知识新理念","健康科普, 健康中国, 科普知识, 健康家庭, 性健康, 营养健康, 运动健康, 科普宣传","探索健康科普在健康中国行动中的重要角色,了解最新的健康科普创新大赛、动漫及短视频,传播健康知识,助力全民健康。","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:56/bd33f471-6c54-4d1b-a364-b06973dbc144.png","Article","癌症肿瘤,重大疾病",true,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":56,"success":54},{"pageNo":42,"pageSize":57,"result":58,"totalSize":21},10,[],{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":60,"success":54},{"authors":61,"appraiseDimensionScoresVos":62},[],[]]