[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fV5V1M0a8s85Js4QaOBWyzHny-1GU4Gie-gUzbvD-jsA":8,"$fXaWzk0eMNC3glaE0DInNzvwRITPB4M_1pNy05vJu7rs":55,"$f_PPYGOu4hZT9BsiPxNThMatDBIVdLXYjUc6CCpSiUZ0":59},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":54},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"specialistId":13,"specialistAssistants":14,"profilePhoto":15,"specialistName":16,"hospital":17,"department":18,"postsTitle":19,"materialTotal":20,"videoTotal":21,"isConcern":7,"title":22,"coverVertical":23,"coverAcross":24,"content":25,"description":26,"views":27,"likes":21,"isThumbsUp":7,"isCollection":7,"collections":21,"createTime":28,"seoTitle":22,"seoKeywords":29,"seoDescription":30,"shelvesTime":31,"version":32,"menus":33,"menuId":35,"type":42,"quality":53,"commentCount":21,"isComment":42},48510,870140,[],"https://cdn.yishi-tong.com/console/store-unknown/uF7OMd0P_hB1LaAPsAH23kXFsYY6stA4.png","李幽燃","沈阳铁西卫工振兴口腔门诊部","肿瘤科","主治医师",101,0,"了解胃癌：症状、机制与治疗","","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/AI/99011397-b44e-4688-b8ee-41479fc62923.jpg","\u003Cdiv id=\"material_title\" class=\"stomach-cancer-title\">\n  了解胃癌：症状、机制与治疗\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-section\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-subtitle\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f2f6f9 70%, #e8ecef 100%);\">\n    01 什么是胃癌？\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-content\">\n    \u003Cp>\n      和家人围坐吃饭时，少不了听人谈论“胃不舒服”，其实胃部的小毛病时常和我们日常生活打交道。但说起胃癌，很多人会心头一紧。简单来说，\u003Cb>胃癌指的是胃部的恶性肿瘤\u003C/b>，即胃里的正常细胞变成了异常增生的细胞，失去了“该停就停”的本领，在胃组织里没完没了地长下去。这种异常细胞会破坏胃壁结构，影响消化，还可能“跑”到身体其他部位。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp>\n      胃癌的最大特点，是早期很安静，往往发现时已经进展不少。了解什么是胃癌，有助于以后遇到相关症状时，能更早甄别，不让“坏细胞”有机可乘。\n    \u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-section\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-subtitle\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f9f7f2 60%, #ebe5df 100%);\">\n    02 胃癌有哪些常见症状？ 🍽️\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-content\">\n    \u003Cp>\n      很多人一想到胃癌，会联想到剧烈疼痛，其实早期的表现非常隐秘，往往容易被当成普通“胃病”忽略。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cul class=\"stomach-cancer-list\">\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">1. 慢性消化不良：\u003C/span>\n        有时只是偶尔没胃口、餐后有点撑。比如吃完饭后，总觉得肚子胀，不爱饿，也没有以往的食欲。但这种感觉时好时坏，很容易让人忽视。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">2. 持续腹部疼痛或不适：\u003C/span>\n        明显的时候，腹部会有持续性或反复的痛感，而且位置不一定在同一点，可能隐隐作痛，也可能较为严重。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">3. 体重减轻：\u003C/span>\n        有些患者短时间内体重明显下降，但没有特意节食，衣服莫名变宽松，这时就要提高警惕了。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">4. 吞咽困难或呕吐：\u003C/span>\n        部分患者会出现吃东西噎住，甚至不明原因的呕吐—尤其是吃完就吐，并且呕吐物里带有未消化食物。\n      \u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ul>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-tip\">\n      ☝️ 真实病例启示：有一位71岁的男士，因为腹胀食欲减退，又发现体重在三个月内掉了5公斤，后来检查才确诊为“中-低分化腺癌”型胃癌。他术后营养状态稳定，但经历过术后辅助化疗及疑似转移。\u003Cb>这个例子说明，持续且明显的症状不要忽视，更不能等到身体吃不消了再看医生。\u003C/b>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-section\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-subtitle\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f3f9f7 65%, #eaf2ed 100%);\">\n    03 为什么会得胃癌？— 从原因说起 🧬\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-content\">\n    \u003Cp>\n      胃癌的成因比较复杂，大致可以分为以下几类：\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Col class=\"stomach-cancer-list-num\">\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">遗传与年龄：\u003C/span>\n        有父母或兄弟姐妹患过胃癌的人，风险会高一点。另外，\u003Cb>50岁以后发病率会明显增加\u003C/b>。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">长期慢性炎症：\u003C/span>\n        胃黏膜长期炎症，比如慢性萎缩性胃炎，反复刺激就像草坪上被反复踩踏，容易被异常细胞“抢占地盘”。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">幽门螺杆菌感染：\u003C/span>\n        这是一种很常见的胃部细菌，可反复引发胃炎、胃溃疡。\u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-quote\">据《Mayo Clinic》2023年综述报道，全球超半数人群携带幽门螺杆菌，感染者胃癌风险升高2-3倍（Mayo Clinic, 2023; Plummer et al., 2015）。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">环境与饮食因素：\u003C/span>\n        长期过度压力、饮食中过多腌制熏烤食物、吸烟喝酒等在一定程度上也是推高发病风险的因素。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">其他疾病关联：\u003C/span>\n        如胃溃疡、恶性贫血等，也让“胃癌不速之客”容易找上门。\n      \u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ol>\n    \u003Cp>\n      \u003Cb>需要注意\u003C/b>，胃癌一般是一种“慢性累积”的结果，并非短暂的不良习惯马上就会致病。那些危险因素的持续存在，才是关键。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-ref\">\n      \u003Cspan>【文献引用】\u003C/span>\n      Plummer, M., Franceschi, S., Vignat, J., Forman, D., & de Martel, C. (2015). Global burden of gastric cancer attributable to Helicobacter pylori. International Journal of Cancer, 136(2), 487–490. \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.28999\" target=\"_blank\">DOI\u003C/a>\u003Cbr>\n      Mayo Clinic. “Stomach cancer – Symptoms and causes”. 2023. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stomach-cancer/symptoms-causes/\" target=\"_blank\">Link\u003C/a>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-section\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-subtitle\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #fdf7f2 70%, #faede2 100%);\">\n    04 怎样才能确诊胃癌？\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-content\">\n    \u003Cp>\n      胃部长期不适时，正确的检查方法很重要。有些朋友觉得“做胃镜很难受”，但其实目前最有效的诊断方式，还是离不开“看得见、取得到”的办法。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Col class=\"stomach-cancer-list-num\">\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">胃镜检查：\u003C/span>\n        这一步可直视胃黏膜情况，并检测是否有溃疡、肿块或异常增生。医生常常会在看到可疑部位时，取一小块组织活检。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">病理诊断：\u003C/span>\n        活检的组织会送实验室，显微镜下分析细胞是否癌变，这也是最终确诊的“金标准”。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">影像学辅助：\u003C/span>\n        为了评估病变范围和转移情况，医生一般会建议做腹部CT或PET-CT，帮助判断肿瘤是否侵及周围组织或淋巴结。\n      \u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ol>\n    \u003Cp>\n      \u003Cb>说明\u003C/b>：通过内镜、组织活检和影像学检查的结合，可以最大程度避免误诊、漏诊。如前述71岁男士，术前就通过胃镜及活检确诊，中-低分化腺癌，术后再根据CT、PET-CT评估，有无转移并做调整。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-tip\">\n      如果长期有明显胃部症状，或家族有胃癌史，建议到有消化专科的大医院做全面检查。\n    \u003C/div>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-ref\">\n      \u003Cspan>【文献引用】\u003C/span>\n      UpToDate. “Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and staging of gastric cancer.” UpToDate, 2023.\u003Cbr>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-section\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-subtitle\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f2f6fa 60%, #e8f1f4 100%);\">\n    05 胃癌的治疗方法常有哪些？ 🩺\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-content\">\n    \u003Cp>\n      治疗方式需根据病期、分型和身体状况综合选择。现今主流的治疗方法包括：\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cul class=\"stomach-cancer-list\">\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">手术切除：\u003C/span>\n        只要肿瘤没有广泛转移，优先考虑将病变部分（有时包括全部胃和部分周围组织）切除，部分患者术中会做腹腔热灌注化疗，以降低局部复发风险。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">化学治疗：\u003C/span>\n        术后或出现淋巴结、肝脏等区域转移时，推荐全身化疗方案，常用药物包括铂类、氟尿嘧啶类等。有的患者化疗期间会根据疗效和副作用动态调整方案。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">放射治疗：\u003C/span>\n        对于某些晚期局部性肿瘤，或术后切缘可疑残存，也可联合放疗提高控制率。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">免疫及靶向治疗：\u003C/span>\n        临床再根据分子检测（如PD-1、CLDN18.2）判断，有些患者可受益于免疫治疗或特定靶向药物，可以进一步抑制癌细胞进展。例如，近期有研究显示，针对PD-1阳性的患者，使用免疫检查点抑制剂可提升生存时间（Janjigian et al., 2021, New England Journal of Medicine）。\n      \u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ul>\n    \u003Cp>\n      每个患者情况不同，治疗决策应由多学科团队（MDT）综合制定。如那位71岁男性朋友，术后根据分期积极辅助化疗，并考虑免疫等新方案，这样的“个体化”方案，更科学可靠。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-ref\">\n      \u003Cspan>【文献引用】\u003C/span>\n      Janjigian, Y.Y. et al. (2021). \"First-Line Nivolumab Plus Chemotherapy in Advanced Gastric, Gastroesophageal Junction, and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma\".\u003Cbr>\n      New England Journal of Medicine, 384: 2316–2328. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2107549\" target=\"_blank\">DOI\u003C/a>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-section\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-subtitle\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f6faf3 60%, #e7efde 100%);\">\n    06 日常管理和复发预防怎么做？ 🌱\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-content\">\n    \u003Cp>\n      胃癌患者在治疗结束后，需要重视复查与日常养护。下面是更实用的生活建议：\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cul class=\"stomach-cancer-list\">\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">饮食调整：\u003C/span>\n        建议多吃新鲜蔬菜和水果（如番茄、胡萝卜、苹果），因为它们富含抗氧化成分，可保护胃黏膜和免疫系统。三餐规律，细嚼慢咽，避免暴饮暴食。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">蛋白补充：\u003C/span>\n        杂豆、鱼、瘦肉、蛋类等有助于身体修复手术或者化疗期间的消耗。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">定期体检：\u003C/span>\n        手术后半年至一年内，应遵从主治医生建议复查胃镜、B超或血液肿瘤标志物。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">管理情绪：\u003C/span>\n        胃癌患者及家属容易出现情绪波动，适时寻求心理疏导或加入口腔癌症支持小组，有助于恢复日常生活状态。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"stomach-cancer-point\">适度运动：\u003C/span>\n        适合个人体力的散步、舒缓瑜伽等，有助于调节肠胃功能，也让整体康复更顺利。\n      \u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ul>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-tip\">\n      🌟 当再次出现进食后异常胀气、体重明显下降等情况，应尽快就诊，做好医生建议下的随访和检查。\n    \u003C/div>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-ref\">\n      \u003Cspan>【文献引用】\u003C/span>\n      Camargo, M.C. & Goto, Y. (2023). “Lifestyle and dietary factors in gastric cancer recurrence and survival.” Cancer, 129(3), 347–355.\u003Cbr>\n      \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.34419\" target=\"_blank\">DOI\u003C/a>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-section\">\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-subtitle\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f2f7f9 60%, #e2e7ea 100%);\">\n    07 总结与行动建议\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-cancer-content\">\n    \u003Cp>\n      胃癌作为消化道的“沉默挑战者”，不会在第一时间就发出明确信号。我们在忙碌生活中，如果能关注那些经常被忽略的变化，比如餐后总是胀、体重不由自主下滑、胃里隐隐作痛，就等于给健康多了一道防线。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp>\n      一旦胃部有长期不适，最好的办法是及时寻求专业医生评估，而不是依赖习惯药物或民间办法拖延治疗。\u003Cb>定期体检、均衡饮食、良好情绪和适量运动，能让身体更好地自我修复，抵御各类健康挑战。\u003C/b>\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp>\n      平时不妨和家里长辈聊聊身体变化，也把相关知识告诉更多人。胃癌不是不可应对的难题，只要早发现、早诊断、科学治疗，很多患者都能恢复较好的生活质量。\n    \u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cstyle>\n.stomach-cancer-title {\n  font-size: 2.5em;\n  font-weight: bold;\n  text-align: center;\n  color: #1b4166;\n  margin: 40px 0 30px 0;\n  letter-spacing: 2px;\n  padding: 15px 0;\n  border-bottom: 3px solid #e3eaf3;\n}\n\n.stomach-cancer-section {\n  margin: 32px 5% 32px 5%;\n  padding: 16px 2% 32px 2%;\n  background: #fafbfc;\n  border-radius: 12px;\n  box-shadow: 0 0 8px 2px #f3f7fa;\n}\n\n.stomach-cancer-subtitle {\n  font-size: 1.4em;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  border-left: 6px solid #9dc3e6;\n  padding: 12px 0 12px 20px;\n  margin-bottom: 14px;\n  color: #234a6b;\n  background-repeat: no-repeat;\n  background-position: right;\n  border-radius: 8px 0 0 8px;\n  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #eaeeef55;\n}\n\n.stomach-cancer-content {\n  font-size: 1.08em;\n  color: #334250;\n  line-height: 2em;\n  margin-left: 12px;\n  margin-right: 12px;\n  padding-bottom: 12px;\n}\n\n.stomach-cancer-list,\n.stomach-cancer-list-num {\n  margin: 16px 0 16px 20px;\n  padding-left: 0;\n}\n.stomach-cancer-list li,\n.stomach-cancer-list-num li {\n  line-height: 2.0em;\n  margin-bottom: 10px;\n  font-size: 1em;\n  color: #3e576a;\n  list-style: disc;\n}\n.stomach-cancer-list-num {\n  list-style: decimal inside;\n}\n.stomach-cancer-point {\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #2362a4;\n}\n\n.stomach-cancer-tip {\n  background: #f2f8e1;\n  border-left: 4px solid #9ad87a;\n  border-radius: 6px;\n  color: #466839;\n  padding: 12px 18px;\n  margin-top: 18px;\n  font-size: 1em;\n  box-shadow: 0 1px 4px 0 #e2efd9;\n}\n\n.stomach-cancer-ref {\n  background: #f7fafd;\n  border-left: 3px solid #8ec6e5;\n  margin-top: 18px;\n  padding: 9px 16px 8px 16px;\n  font-size: 0.98em;\n  color: #4a6574;\n  border-radius: 6px;\n}\n\n.stomach-cancer-quote {\n  color: #ab650d;\n  font-style: italic;\n  padding-left: 2px;\n}\n\n@media (max-width: 800px) {\n  .stomach-cancer-title {\n    font-size: 1.4em;\n    padding: 10px 0;\n  }\n  .stomach-cancer-section {\n    margin: 18px 1% 18px 1%;\n    padding: 10px 3% 22px 3%;\n  }\n  .stomach-cancer-subtitle {\n    font-size: 1.08em;\n    padding: 10px 0 10px 14px;\n    border-left-width: 4px;\n    margin-bottom: 11px;\n  }\n  .stomach-cancer-content {\n    font-size: 0.98em;\n    margin-left: 2px;\n    margin-right: 2px;\n  }\n}\n\u003C/style>\n\n","\u003Cdiv id=\"material_title\" class=\"stomach-cancer-title\">\n  了解胃癌：症状、机制与治疗\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"stomach-c",548,"2025-07-11 14:19:21","胃癌, 胃癌症状, 胃癌治疗, 慢性消化不良, 幽门螺杆菌, 体重减轻, 胃痛, 胃部检查","了解胃癌的早期症状及其成因，学习科学有效的治疗方法，帮助66岁以上人群及其家属尽早识别与应对此疾病，提升生活质量。","2025-07-12 07:50:00",2,[34],{"menuId":35,"menuName":36,"parentId":21,"orderNum":32,"path":37,"component":38,"isFrame":39,"isCache":40,"menuType":41,"visible":42,"status":21,"createDept":6,"remark":23,"createTime":43,"children":44,"columnImage":45,"columnLogo":46,"uncheckedLogo":6,"checkedLogo":6,"isHot":42,"isHome":21,"forceLogin":21,"color":47,"seoTitle":48,"seoKeywords":49,"seoDescription":50,"contentNum":6,"promotionalPoster":51,"menuFrame":7,"innerLink":7,"parentView":7,"routeName":52,"routerPath":37,"componentInfo":38},"1986713082609147906","健康科普","article","/article.html","1","0","T",1,"2025-11-07 16:31:25",[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:49/d4291d16-ed1c-48dd-84c8-ec1f85980b75.png","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:52/6fe64094-9416-442c-a66d-032fb292666a.png","#c8e6ca","健康科普助力健康中国2030:共享健康知识新理念","健康科普, 健康中国, 科普知识, 健康家庭, 性健康, 营养健康, 运动健康, 科普宣传","探索健康科普在健康中国行动中的重要角色,了解最新的健康科普创新大赛、动漫及短视频,传播健康知识,助力全民健康。","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:56/bd33f471-6c54-4d1b-a364-b06973dbc144.png","Article","癌症肿瘤,重大疾病",true,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":56,"success":54},{"pageNo":42,"pageSize":57,"result":58,"totalSize":21},10,[],{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":60,"success":54},{"authors":61,"appraiseDimensionScoresVos":62},[],[]]