[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fI-fATM0OWfTfpx31BpJul9810a2jkuYi5xidWJA3lHg":8,"$fBAJVcjFAKJW5Efx9AQy50pvwPV17TxcGvZdzwVAOZSc":54,"$fBkJL5OlkciBvjOtsZ9bu37r_kOZheYDiyvH5bg5kd0M":58},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":53},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"specialistId":13,"specialistAssistants":14,"profilePhoto":15,"specialistName":16,"hospital":17,"department":18,"postsTitle":19,"materialTotal":20,"videoTotal":21,"isConcern":7,"title":22,"coverVertical":23,"coverAcross":24,"content":25,"description":25,"views":26,"likes":21,"isThumbsUp":7,"isCollection":7,"collections":21,"createTime":27,"seoTitle":22,"seoKeywords":28,"seoDescription":29,"shelvesTime":30,"version":31,"menus":32,"menuId":34,"type":41,"quality":52,"commentCount":21,"isComment":41},45929,868715,[],"https://cdn.haohuanjiao.com/learnMaterial/ystApp//XTmHo7isIqeGzNdlhb85LYv4WuMj9N0I.png","陆妙珍","宁波市医疗中心李惠利医院","肿瘤科","主任医师",5,0,"鳞癌科普全解｜别忽视身边的“陌生来客”","","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/AI/5b518589-0b1f-4467-9993-043b9b74ee0e.jpg","\u003Cdiv id=\"material_title\" class=\"sqc-title-main\">\n  \u003Ch1 style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">鳞癌科普全解｜别忽视身边的“陌生来客”\u003C/h1>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-section sqc-cover-bg1\">\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"sqc-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">01 看到的变化，真的只是小问题？\u003C/h2>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-section-content\">\n    \u003Cp>有时候皮肤上一处小疙瘩、嘴角里的一块粗糙，接下来几周却总不退。有些朋友会觉得这是“上火”或者“年纪大了皮肤老”。说起来，日常生活确实会遇到这些小麻烦。但实际上，如果这些变化持续不退或者悄悄扩大，背后可能藏着一种不太熟悉的“陌生来客”——鳞癌。\u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp>鳞癌（Squamous Cell Carcinoma, SCC）是一种起源于表皮细胞的恶性肿瘤，经常出现在皮肤，也能在口腔、食道、喉咙和下咽等部位出现。和一般的良性肿块不同，这些异常的细胞可以侵入周围组织，甚至扩散到身体其他部位。\u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp>这类肿瘤不是“年纪大了”的必然结果，也和精神压力关系不大。需要注意，如果身体出现难以解释的持续性变化，就算没有严重不适，也应该提高警惕。\u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-section sqc-cover-bg2\">\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"sqc-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">02 鳞癌有哪些比较典型的症状表现？\u003C/h2>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-section-content\">\n    \u003Cul class=\"sqc-list-bullet\">\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">🟠\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>皮肤上的细节变化：\u003C/strong>不少人的鳞癌，最早表现为皮肤上一块持续不消的红色斑块，或表面粗糙的“小硬疙瘩”。这些地方摸上去硬、表面有鳞屑，偶尔可能会有点刺痒。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">🟢\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>反复溃疡难以愈合：\u003C/strong>嘴里、咽部、嘴唇或皮肤暴露处如果有持续性的破损、小溃疡，总是好不了，超过两周仍未愈合，需要引起重视。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">🔵\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>发音、吞咽异常：\u003C/strong>尤其是喉咙、下咽的鳞癌，可能出现说话嘶哑或者吞咽突然变困难的现象。部分患者会觉得说话吃饭时不舒服，喝水容易呛咳。\n      \u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ul>\n    \u003Cp style=\"margin-top:20px;\">有位70岁的女性，最近被家人发现声音嘶哑、喉咙不适已经持续了一个多月，还伴有轻微恶心。经检查发现，其下咽部出现了角化性鳞癌。这个例子说明，哪怕症状不明显，只要持续存在，都不应掉以轻心。\u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp>当然，这里的症状只是提示，不代表所有类似表现都一定是鳞癌。不过，如果遇到上述情况，拖得太久就不太合适了。\u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-section sqc-cover-bg3\">\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"sqc-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">03 为什么会得鳞癌？这些因素需要小心\u003C/h2>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-section-content\">\n    \u003Cp>其实，鳞癌的发生并非“天降横祸”，与多种日常接触或生活习惯有关：\u003C/p>\n    \u003Cul class=\"sqc-list-bullet\">\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">☀️\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>紫外线暴露：\u003C/strong>长期在太阳底下劳作、工作的人，皮肤暴露部位更容易发生鳞癌。研究显示，紫外线会直接损伤皮肤细胞的遗传物质，触发异常增生（参考：Czarnecki, D. et al., \"Ultraviolet light and skin cancer\", Australasian Journal of Dermatology, 2020）。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">💨\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>吸烟饮酒：\u003C/strong>吸烟是口腔、喉咙和下咽部鳞癌的重要关联因素。烟草中的致癌物能够刺激黏膜细胞长期损伤，酒精则会协同增加癌变风险（参考：Gupta, B., Johnson, N.W., \"Systematic review on the risk factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma\", Oral Oncology, 2014）。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">🦠\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>病毒感染：\u003C/strong>部分鳞癌和病毒感染相关，比如人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)与阴道、肛门和口咽部鳞癌联系密切。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">🔬\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>年龄和慢性刺激：\u003C/strong>年龄增长、皮肤慢性溃烂、反复摩擦部位，更容易出现细胞异常变化。\n      \u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ul>\n    \u003Cp style=\"margin-top:20px;\">数据显示，美国皮肤癌鳞癌每年被新诊断18,000例，近年来发生率还在持续上升。这也提醒人们，良好生活习惯远比事后治疗重要得多（Skin Cancer Foundation, 2025）。\u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-section sqc-cover-bg4\">\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"sqc-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">04 鳞癌确诊要怎么查？一步步带你了解\u003C/h2>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-section-content\">\n    \u003Cp>当身体某处出现长时间不好、反复出问题的地方时，最可靠的方式还是尽快找专业医生看看。鳞癌的确诊和分型，主要依靠下面几个步骤：\u003C/p>\n    \u003Cul class=\"sqc-list-bullet\">\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">🧑‍⚕️\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>详细体检：\u003C/strong>医生会仔细看、摸相关部位，查找异常溃烂、肿块或表皮变化。如果疑似部位在口腔、咽喉，可能安排喉镜协助查看。\u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">🔬\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>活检检查（biopsy）：\u003C/strong>这是判断鳞癌的“金标准”。在局部麻醉下，切取一小块组织，送病理实验室，检查细胞有无癌变。\u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">🖥️\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>影像学辅助：\u003C/strong>根据部位不同，可能需要B超、CT、MRI等，判断肿块位置、大小和有无淋巴结转移。\u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ul>\n    \u003Cp style=\"margin-top:20px;\">其实大多数人对“活检”有些担忧，但这个过程一般很快。早点查清楚，有利于早诊早治，把握最佳时机。\u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-section sqc-cover-bg5\">\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"sqc-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">05 鳞癌怎么治？核心流程简单了解\u003C/h2>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-section-content\">\n    \u003Cp>说起肿瘤的治疗，很多人会有点紧张。其实，鳞癌的治疗选择已经比较成熟，目标就是把异常细胞“清除”或控制好，恢复生活质量。\u003C/p>\n    \u003Cul class=\"sqc-list-bullet\">\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">✂️\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>手术为主：\u003C/strong>对于绝大多数局部早期鳞癌，直接“切掉”病变组织，是目前最有效的根治方式。比如皮肤上的小病灶，有时局部麻醉就能完成手术。\u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">💡\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>放疗（放射治疗）：\u003C/strong>有些不能或不宜直接手术的部位，可以借助手段“精准打击”异常区域，特别适用于较小面积病变或术后辅助。\u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">💊\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>化疗/免疫治疗：\u003C/strong>对于进展期或有远处转移的病人，医生会组合使用化疗、免疫治疗等，目的是延缓疾病发展、尽量改善症状。\u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ul>\n    \u003Cp style=\"margin-top:20px;\">全球数据表明，早发现早治疗的鳞癌，治愈率非常高。治疗后的随访也很重要，有助于及时发现新问题，调整方案（Stratigos, A.J. et al., \"Diagnosis and management of squamous cell carcinoma\", European Journal of Dermatology, 2021）。\u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-section sqc-cover-bg6\">\n  \u003Ch2 class=\"sqc-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">06 鳞癌病人和易感人群的生活建议\u003C/h2>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-section-content\">\n    \u003Cp>大部分人其实没必要为鳞癌而焦虑。比起担心那些遥远的风险，平时做好下面几件实事，总能让健康多一份保障：\u003C/p>\n    \u003Cul class=\"sqc-list-bullet\">\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">🥗\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>合理饮食：\u003C/strong>时常吃点新鲜蔬菜水果，对防止细胞异常有帮助。比如西兰花、胡萝卜和柑橘里的营养素，有助于修复受损细胞，建议每周都能搭配进餐盘里。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">💧\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>保持适量水分：\u003C/strong>多喝水有助于新陈代谢。一般来说，每天6-8杯水为宜，避免皮肤、黏膜长期干燥。\u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">🛌\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>充足睡眠：\u003C/strong>休息好身体才有能量应对各种修复任务，推荐每晚保证7小时以上。\u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">👟\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>适度运动：\u003C/strong>每日散步30分钟以上，有助于增强身体免疫力，也让机体保持敏锐的自检能力。\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">🧴\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>外出防晒：\u003C/strong>户外活动时可以选用帽子、长袖衣物和防晒霜，减少长期紫外线照射，尤其在上午10点到下午4点之间。\u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">🔄\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>定期检查：\u003C/strong>随着年龄增长，建议每2年进行一次全身体检，对有溃疡不愈、皮肤异常的人，则需半年随访。\u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cspan class=\"sqc-bullet-icon\">👩‍⚕️\u003C/span>\n        \u003Cstrong>出现持续变化及时就医：\u003C/strong>任何持续两周以上没改善的皮肤、口腔、咽喉问题，都值得找正规医院检查，首选有专科门诊的大型医疗机构。\u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ul>\n    \u003Cp style=\"margin-top:20px;\">生活中最有用的预防措施，往往就是这些看似简单的小事。对于已确诊的病友，听从医生指导进行规律随访和康复，同样重要。身边有家人朋友出现相关信号，偶尔一句提醒，可能帮助他们规避大麻烦。\u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"sqc-citation-block\">\n  \u003Ch3 style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">主要参考文献\u003C/h3>\n  \u003Cul class=\"sqc-citation-list\">\n    \u003Cli>\n      Czarnecki, D., Sinclair, R. (2020). Ultraviolet light and skin cancer. \u003Ci>Australasian Journal of Dermatology\u003C/i>.\n    \u003C/li>\n    \u003Cli>\n      Gupta, B., Johnson, N.W. (2014). Systematic review on the risk factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma. \u003Ci>Oral Oncology\u003C/i>.\n    \u003C/li>\n    \u003Cli>\n      Stratigos, A.J., Garbe, C., Lebbe, C., et al. (2021). Diagnosis and management of squamous cell carcinoma. \u003Ci>European Journal of Dermatology\u003C/i>.\n    \u003C/li>\n    \u003Cli>\n      Skin Cancer Foundation. (2025). Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Facts & Figures. \u003Ci>https://www.skincancer.org\u003C/i>.\n    \u003C/li>\n  \u003C/ul>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cstyle>\n.sqc-title-main {\n  padding: 30px 0 20px 0;\n  background-color: #f5f6fa;\n  text-align: center;\n  border-radius: 10px;\n  margin-bottom: 28px;\n}\n.sqc-title-main h1 {\n  font-size: 38px;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  color: #355889;\n  letter-spacing: 1px;\n  margin-bottom: 0px;\n  margin-top:0;\n}\n\n.sqc-section {\n  margin-bottom: 32px;\n  border-radius: 12px;\n  padding: 35px 38px 30px 38px;\n  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(53,88,137,0.04);\n  position: relative;\n  font-size: 20px;\n  line-height: 1.58;\n}\n.sqc-section-title {\n  font-size: 27px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #234059;\n  margin-bottom: 20px;\n  padding-left:6px;\n}\n.sqc-section-content {\n  color: #2b3649;\n  font-size: 19px;\n  font-weight: 400;\n}\n\n.sqc-cover-bg1 {\n  background: linear-gradient(110deg, #f9fafc 60%, #e6f3ff 100%);\n}\n.sqc-cover-bg2 {\n  background: linear-gradient(105deg, #f8fffb 60%, #e0f2f1 100%);\n}\n.sqc-cover-bg3 {\n  background: linear-gradient(110deg, #faf9fd 64%, #f3f2ff 100%);\n}\n.sqc-cover-bg4 {\n  background: linear-gradient(100deg, #f7fafc 62%, #f2f2f2 100%);\n}\n.sqc-cover-bg5 {\n  background: linear-gradient(110deg, #f9f9f8 62%, #fceef8 100%);\n}\n.sqc-cover-bg6 {\n  background: linear-gradient(108deg, #f9faf9 62%, #eaf7ee 100%);\n}\n\n.sqc-list-bullet {\n  margin-top: 10px;\n  margin-bottom: 10px;\n  padding-left: 0px;\n  list-style-type: none;\n}\n.sqc-list-bullet li {\n  margin-bottom: 15px;\n  position: relative;\n  padding-left: 3px;\n}\n.sqc-bullet-icon {\n  font-size: 21px;\n  margin-right: 5px;\n  vertical-align: -1px;\n}\n\n.sqc-citation-block {\n  background-color: #f5f9fd;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 24px 36px;\n  margin: 36px 0 16px 0;\n  box-shadow: 0 1px 8px rgba(112,112,135,0.07);\n}\n.sqc-citation-block h3 {\n  font-size: 21px;\n  color: #345c91;\n  letter-spacing:1px;\n  margin-bottom: 11px;\n}\n.sqc-citation-list {\n  font-size: 17px;\n  color: #43506b;\n  padding-left: 11px;\n  line-height: 1.8;\n}\n@media (max-width: 900px) {\n  .sqc-section, .sqc-citation-block {\n    padding: 19px 7px 20px 7px;\n  }\n  .sqc-title-main {\n    padding: 20px 0 14px 0;\n  }\n  .sqc-title-main h1 {\n    font-size: 28px;\n  }\n  .sqc-section-title {\n    font-size: 19px;\n    padding-left:0px;\n  }\n  .sqc-section-content {\n    font-size: 16px;\n  }\n  .sqc-citation-block {\n    padding: 15px 9px;\n  }\n  .sqc-citation-block h3 {\n    font-size: 16px;\n    margin-bottom: 8px;\n  }\n  .sqc-citation-list {\n    font-size: 14px;\n  }\n}\n\u003C/style>\n",539,"2025-07-02 11:36:44","鳞癌,皮肤癌,症状,治疗,预防,口腔癌,紫外线,吸烟饮酒,病毒感染,健康生活","了解鳞癌的症状、成因和治疗方法，及时识别身体变化，助你保持健康。关注皮肤、口腔的异常变化，高风险群体需特别注意。","2025-07-02 23:38:00",2,[33],{"menuId":34,"menuName":35,"parentId":21,"orderNum":31,"path":36,"component":37,"isFrame":38,"isCache":39,"menuType":40,"visible":41,"status":21,"createDept":6,"remark":23,"createTime":42,"children":43,"columnImage":44,"columnLogo":45,"uncheckedLogo":6,"checkedLogo":6,"isHot":41,"isHome":21,"forceLogin":21,"color":46,"seoTitle":47,"seoKeywords":48,"seoDescription":49,"contentNum":6,"promotionalPoster":50,"menuFrame":7,"innerLink":7,"parentView":7,"routeName":51,"routerPath":36,"componentInfo":37},"1986713082609147906","健康科普","article","/article.html","1","0","T",1,"2025-11-07 16:31:25",[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:49/d4291d16-ed1c-48dd-84c8-ec1f85980b75.png","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:52/6fe64094-9416-442c-a66d-032fb292666a.png","#c8e6ca","健康科普助力健康中国2030:共享健康知识新理念","健康科普, 健康中国, 科普知识, 健康家庭, 性健康, 营养健康, 运动健康, 科普宣传","探索健康科普在健康中国行动中的重要角色,了解最新的健康科普创新大赛、动漫及短视频,传播健康知识,助力全民健康。","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:56/bd33f471-6c54-4d1b-a364-b06973dbc144.png","Article","癌症肿瘤",true,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":55,"success":53},{"pageNo":41,"pageSize":56,"result":57,"totalSize":21},10,[],{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":59,"success":53},{"authors":60,"appraiseDimensionScoresVos":61},[],[]]