[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fLpuEzWPvfhb-g3keSeT3gJcyRJKWgTqIIpqjntZK5vA":8,"$fR8TKVee3KIUijg3UIz0wHKKEVI2EIaVpfFdi67zVFgU":53,"$fk4pls0wTzNZpq3ig2Iy_r1EUPnsK4EHfIjTp_Dckpd0":57},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":52},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"specialistId":13,"specialistAssistants":14,"profilePhoto":15,"specialistName":16,"hospital":17,"department":6,"postsTitle":18,"materialTotal":19,"videoTotal":20,"isConcern":7,"title":21,"coverVertical":22,"coverAcross":23,"content":24,"description":24,"views":25,"likes":20,"isThumbsUp":7,"isCollection":7,"collections":20,"createTime":26,"seoTitle":21,"seoKeywords":27,"seoDescription":28,"shelvesTime":29,"version":30,"menus":31,"menuId":33,"type":40,"quality":51,"commentCount":20,"isComment":40},42287,869885,[],"https://cdn.yishi-tong.com/console/store-unknown/uF7OMd0P_hB1LaAPsAH23kXFsYY6stA4.png","张毅","重庆大学附属肿瘤医院（重庆市肿瘤研究所、重庆市肿瘤医院、重庆市癌症中心）","主任医师",5,0,"麻醉在肝恶性肿瘤手术中的应用与管理","","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/AI/9e5316c2-2415-4213-8d94-25e932ec57b5.jpg","\u003Cdiv class=\"material-article\">\n  \u003Ch1 class=\"material-title\" id=\"material_title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">麻醉在肝恶性肿瘤手术中的应用与管理\u003C/h1>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"material-section material-section-bg01\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"material-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">01 麻醉的基本概念\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      说起肝恶性肿瘤手术，许多人脑海里的第一步就是“上手术台”。但其实，在手术正式开始前，有一样“隐身高手”就已经守在身边——那就是麻醉。它的作用远不只是让人“睡着”，而是让手术变得可能和安全。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      简单来说，麻醉就是用药物让人暂时失去知觉或者控制疼痛，分为\u003Cstrong>局部麻醉\u003C/strong>、\u003Cstrong>区域麻醉\u003C/strong>和\u003Cstrong>全身麻醉\u003C/strong>。肝恶性肿瘤手术因为范围大、操作复杂，大多数时候都用全身麻醉。一旦药物起效，患者不会感受到疼痛或不适，医生则可以全神贯注地操作。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-tip material-emojitip\"> \n      🧐 \u003Cspan>虽然麻醉让我们“睡着”，但其实整个过程中，医生比你自己还清楚你身体的状态。\u003C/span>\n    \u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"material-section material-section-bg02\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"material-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">02 手术中的麻醉类型及其适应症\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cul class=\"material-list\">\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cstrong>1. 全身麻醉：\u003C/strong>\n        \u003Cspan>整个手术过程中人处于深度睡眠，完全没有知觉。肝恶性肿瘤手术基本都靠它完成。例如一位55岁的男性因肝恶性肿瘤接受了全身麻醉，他在手术全程无痛感，术后顺利苏醒。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cstrong>2. 区域麻醉：\u003C/strong>\n        \u003Cspan>常见于下腹、四肢等部位的一些小型手术，控制的是身体某一大块区域的感觉。肝脏手术不常用，但如果合并其他基础病，特殊情况下可联合使用。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cstrong>3. 局部麻醉：\u003C/strong>\n        \u003Cspan>只麻醉极小的区域，比如皮肤切除、微小手术用得较多，对于肝脏大手术意义不大。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ul>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      不同麻醉方式的选择并不随意，医生会根据\u003Cspan class=\"material-keyword\">手术大小、患者内脏功能、过往疾病、体重身高以及药物过敏史\u003C/span>等做出最合适的决定。有人担心麻醉有风险，其实，只要安全评估到位，风险已被降到最低。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-tip material-emojitip\">\n      🤔 \u003Cspan>做手术前主动告诉医生自己的身体情况和所有用药史，会帮你避开大部分绕不开的小麻烦。\u003C/span>\n    \u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"material-section material-section-bg03\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"material-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">03 麻醉对围术期生命体征的管理\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      在肝恶性肿瘤手术期间，人的身体仿佛进入“自动驾驶”。麻醉医生不断关注生命体征数据，包括心率、血压、呼吸和体温。每一次呼吸、每一丝血压波动，他们都能立刻觉察。\u003Cbr>这些数据背后，是身体在手术中可能发生的各种变化——比如出血、药物反应、手术刺激等。监测通过专业设备实现，麻醉医生也会通过手、眼、耳的细致观察，及时干预。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      有些患者手术时看上去一切平稳，其实身体随时可能面临挑战。例如长时间手术容易导致体温下降，心跳过快可能提示紧张或缺氧，这些都需要立即调整用药或机器参数。麻醉医生就像飞行中的机长，一旦发现异常立刻“校准航向”，确保安全抵达下一个阶段。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-tip material-emojitip\"> \n      💡 \u003Cspan>身体基础条件不一样，麻醉时的关注重心也会调整，个体化是关键。\u003C/span>\n    \u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"material-section material-section-bg04\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"material-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">04 麻醉药物的使用及其影响\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      肝脏是人体的“代谢工厂”，各种麻醉药进出都和它有关。肝恶性肿瘤手术中，会用到\u003Cstrong>镇静药、麻醉镇痛药、肌肉松弛剂等多类药物\u003C/strong>。这些药物的任务是让人安稳入睡、无痛保持、配合医生操作。\u003Cbr>药物大多通过静脉注射，吸收快、作用准。不过肝脏病变情况下，药物在体内停留时间可能变长，需要精准称量和个性化方案。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      绝大部分麻醉药进入人体后，会被肝脏分解后排出。有肝脏疾病的患者代谢功能下降，所以麻醉科医生在药物剂量设置和组合上更加谨慎。比如镇痛药要慢慢加量、严格监控效果。\u003Cbr>很多人担心麻醉药会伤身体。其实正规操作后，绝大多数药物只在人体内作用几个小时，然后就被清除出去了，不会长期存留。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"material-tip material-emojitip\">\n      🌱 \u003Cspan>有基础肝病的患者，术前和麻醉医生耐心沟通，比“担心用药伤肝”更有实际意义。\u003C/span>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"material-section material-section-bg05\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"material-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">05 麻醉与术后恢复\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      手术做完，麻醉药渐渐代谢掉，清醒时的一点点晕眩、乏力属于常见现象。肝脏手术后，恢复的一个重要环节就是\u003Cspan class=\"material-keyword\">术后镇痛\u003C/span>。在麻药作用结束后及时给足镇痛药物，可以避免应激反应，减少身体负担。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      有些患者会在术后出现嗓子干、恶心、轻微头晕，这很快能自行缓解。但如果出现持续呕吐、呼吸急促或者严重疼痛，一定要及时叫护士或医生。这些提示可能是恢复过程中出现的小插曲，及时干预非常重要。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-tip material-emojitip\">\n      🛏️ \u003Cspan>术后能否顺利进食、翻身，说话没有明显不适，往往就预示着麻醉药物代谢良好，恢复顺利。\u003C/span>\n    \u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"material-section material-section-bg06\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"material-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">06 麻醉在重症监护与急救中的角色\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      对肝恶性肿瘤患者来说，重症监护和急救场合下，麻醉医生经常要出现在最前线。比如遇到大出血、休克或多脏器功能异常，这时不仅仅是“打麻药”，更是“生命抢修员”般的存在。\u003Cbr>他们要做的，是用特定药物和技术维持呼吸道通畅，精准补液、用药，持续调整生命体征，让患者安稳渡过这一关。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      很多人误以为麻醉医生只在手术室出现，实际上重症监护里需要用到气管插管、镇静、各种药物救治时，也都少不了他们出手。专业知识和应变能力兼备，是这个群体的最大标签。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"material-tip material-emojitip\">\n      🚨 \u003Cspan>身体状况不稳定时，有麻醉科医生“护航”，每一步都更安心。\u003C/span>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"material-section material-section-bg07\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"material-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">如何有效配合麻醉，帮助术后恢复？\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cul class=\"material-list\">\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cstrong>营养合理：\u003C/strong>\n        \u003Cspan>术前可多吃新鲜蔬菜、蛋白丰富的鸡蛋和鱼类，有助于恢复和伤口愈合。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cstrong>充足休息：\u003C/strong>\n        \u003Cspan>术前数天保证高质量睡眠，术后适当活动可减少合并症发生。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cstrong>提前沟通：\u003C/strong>\n        \u003Cspan>主动告知医生自身慢性病史和过敏史，减少术中突发风险。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cstrong>术后警觉异常变化：\u003C/strong>\n        \u003Cspan>如果感觉持续疼痛、呼吸不畅或无法自主进食时，别硬撑，及时寻求帮助。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/li>\n      \u003Cli>\n        \u003Cstrong>分阶段查检：\u003C/strong>\n        \u003Cspan>医嘱安排复查项目要积极配合，比如肝功、血常规等。\u003C/span>\n      \u003C/li>\n    \u003C/ul>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      偶尔有人问，麻醉是不是越“深”越好？其实适度最重要。手术顺利、术后恢复平稳，往往比单纯感觉不到疼痛更让人安心。\n    \u003C/p>\n    \u003Cdiv class=\"material-tip material-emojitip\">\n      💪 \u003Cspan>坦然面对手术，信任麻醉团队，是让自己走出手术阴影的第一步。\u003C/span>\n    \u003C/div>\n  \u003C/div>\n  \u003Cdiv class=\"material-section material-section-bg08\">\n    \u003Ch2 class=\"material-section-title\" style=\"color: rgb(44, 62, 80); margin: 1.2em 0px 0.6em; font-weight: 700; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);\">结语：安心面对手术，科学麻醉助力健康\u003C/h2>\n    \u003Cp class=\"material-paragraph\">\n      麻醉听上去神秘，但它和每一个需要手术的人都密不可分。肝恶性肿瘤手术因为涉及到重要脏器、更需要对生命体征的精细呵护。无论是术中、术后还是在监护和急救场合，麻醉团队都在用专业技术守护着健康。\u003Cbr>\n      做好充分的准备，相信医生团队，合理饮食、按时复查，让科学麻醉真正成为健康路上的一位“护航员”。\u003Cbr>\n      希望本文为你解开了关于麻醉的一些疑惑。面对治疗与康复，每一份主动和勇气都很宝贵，也会让这个过程变得更容易自信与安心。\n    \u003C/p>\n  \u003C/div>\n\u003C/div>\n\u003Cstyle>\n.material-article {\n  font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif;\n  color: #2b2b2b;\n  background: #fcfcfc;\n  padding: 36px 28px;\n  max-width: 780px;\n  margin: 32px auto;\n  border-radius: 20px;\n  box-shadow: 0px 8px 32px 0px rgba(122, 128, 153, 0.16);\n}\n.material-title {\n  font-size: 36px;\n  margin-bottom: 42px;\n  text-align: center;\n  color: #2E5C98;\n  font-weight: bold;\n  letter-spacing: 2px;\n}\n.material-section {\n  padding: 32px 24px 30px 24px;\n  border-radius: 18px;\n  margin-bottom: 28px;\n  position: relative;\n  box-sizing: border-box;\n  box-shadow: 0 1px 5px 0 rgba(128, 155, 190, 0.05);\n}\n.material-section-title {\n  font-size: 26px;\n  color: #235D71;\n  font-weight: bold;\n  margin-bottom: 24px;\n  position: relative;\n  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #f9f9f9;\n}\n.material-paragraph {\n  font-size: 18px;\n  line-height: 1.86;\n  margin-bottom: 16px;\n  text-align: justify;\n}\n.material-list {\n  margin-bottom: 16px;\n  padding-left: 22px;\n}\n.material-list li {\n  font-size: 18px;\n  line-height: 1.8;\n  margin-bottom: 13px;\n  position: relative;\n}\n.material-section-bg01 {\n  background: linear-gradient(92deg, #f1f8ff 8%, #e0ecfa 93%);\n}\n.material-section-bg02 {\n  background: linear-gradient(92deg, #e8f6f8 10%, #fdedfd 90%);\n}\n.material-section-bg03 {\n  background: linear-gradient(91deg, #f7fce0 3%, #effafe 97%);\n}\n.material-section-bg04 {\n  background: linear-gradient(93deg, #f5edee 10%, #edf8fc 97%);\n}\n.material-section-bg05 {\n  background: linear-gradient(92deg, #fcfce6 10%, #edf8f6 95%);\n}\n.material-section-bg06 {\n  background: linear-gradient(94deg, #edffe7 10%, #eaf1fd 95%);\n}\n.material-section-bg07 {\n  background: linear-gradient(91deg, #e7f3ff 10%, #faf8ee 97%);\n}\n.material-section-bg08 {\n  background: linear-gradient(93deg, #e5f9f8 7%, #fdf5ee 100%);\n}\n.material-tip {\n  background: #f4f8fa;\n  border-left: 5px solid #4AA2D8;\n  color: #30607F;\n  margin-top: 18px;\n  font-size: 17px;\n  padding: 14px 16px 14px 22px;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  box-shadow: 0 1px 5px 0 rgba(112,145,137,0.06);\n  letter-spacing: 1px;\n}\n.material-emojitip {\n  font-style: normal;\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 10px;\n}\n.material-keyword {\n  color: #258B86;\n  font-weight: bold;\n  background: #e5f8f7;\n  border-radius: 5px;\n  padding: 0 8px;\n  margin: 0 2px;\n}\n@media screen and (max-width: 820px) {\n  .material-article {\n    padding: 12px 3.5vw;\n    border-radius: 10px;\n  }\n  .material-title {\n    font-size: 25px;\n    margin-bottom: 28px;\n  }\n  .material-section {\n    padding: 12px 5vw 10px 5vw;\n    border-radius: 8px;\n    font-size: 15.5px;\n    margin-bottom: 16px;\n  }\n  .material-section-title {\n    font-size: 19.5px;\n    margin-bottom: 12px;\n  }\n  .material-paragraph {\n    font-size: 15.5px;\n  }\n  .material-list li {\n    font-size: 15.5px;\n  }\n  .material-tip {\n    font-size: 14.5px;\n    padding: 7px 7px 7px 15px;\n    border-radius: 6px;\n  }\n}\n\u003C/style>\n",506,"2025-06-25 10:37:59","麻醉, 肝恶性肿瘤, 手术, 术后恢复, 生命体征监测, 麻醉管理, 全身麻醉, 区域麻醉, 局部麻醉, 镇痛药","了解麻醉在肝恶性肿瘤手术中的重要性，通过专业解析与管理策略，助您顺利应对手术与恢复，关注生命体征，保障安全与健康。","2025-06-25 19:08:00",2,[32],{"menuId":33,"menuName":34,"parentId":20,"orderNum":30,"path":35,"component":36,"isFrame":37,"isCache":38,"menuType":39,"visible":40,"status":20,"createDept":6,"remark":22,"createTime":41,"children":42,"columnImage":43,"columnLogo":44,"uncheckedLogo":6,"checkedLogo":6,"isHot":40,"isHome":20,"forceLogin":20,"color":45,"seoTitle":46,"seoKeywords":47,"seoDescription":48,"contentNum":6,"promotionalPoster":49,"menuFrame":7,"innerLink":7,"parentView":7,"routeName":50,"routerPath":35,"componentInfo":36},"1986713082609147906","健康科普","article","/article.html","1","0","T",1,"2025-11-07 16:31:25",[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:49/d4291d16-ed1c-48dd-84c8-ec1f85980b75.png","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:52/6fe64094-9416-442c-a66d-032fb292666a.png","#c8e6ca","健康科普助力健康中国2030:共享健康知识新理念","健康科普, 健康中国, 科普知识, 健康家庭, 性健康, 营养健康, 运动健康, 科普宣传","探索健康科普在健康中国行动中的重要角色,了解最新的健康科普创新大赛、动漫及短视频,传播健康知识,助力全民健康。","https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/venue/undefined/2026-01-24-18:08:56/bd33f471-6c54-4d1b-a364-b06973dbc144.png","Article","癌症肿瘤",true,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":54,"success":52},{"pageNo":40,"pageSize":55,"result":56,"totalSize":20},10,[],{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":58,"success":52},{"authors":59,"appraiseDimensionScoresVos":60},[],[]]