[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f65-g5LTUgHIk8dGZIHhGe2pKpxnfW0g-O4HGxk3yxcs":3,"$fYbHxWm7OJ7oSb8dHhxdHhQAPNgy8bi7ppxSEGbTsfEY":8,"$f7DJWhMZ5s_aXTF_t4eMuuNVRJ0ItKx6fEiYGy4NpfFY":56,"$ffpyWLUYfHUYpNKajbyDYPW3r24CYLgoVxZf08S9DgTA":60},{"code":4,"msg":5,"message":6,"data":6,"success":7},401,"认证失败，无法访问系统资源",null,false,{"code":9,"msg":10,"message":6,"data":11,"success":55},200,"操作成功",{"id":12,"specialistId":13,"specialistAssistants":14,"profilePhoto":15,"specialistName":16,"hospital":17,"department":18,"postsTitle":19,"materialTotal":20,"videoTotal":21,"isConcern":7,"title":22,"coverVertical":23,"coverAcross":24,"content":25,"description":26,"views":27,"likes":28,"isThumbsUp":7,"isCollection":7,"collections":28,"createTime":29,"seoTitle":30,"seoKeywords":31,"seoDescription":32,"shelvesTime":33,"version":28,"menus":34,"menuId":36,"type":43,"quality":54,"commentCount":28,"isComment":43},3085,863260,[],"https://ystcdn.venuertc.com/medical/ystApp/2PVyffYdBR3pdrO5NInCiLK4o1MSb1C7.png","樊琴","上海市普陀区中心医院","感染科","主治医师",3,2,"感染性发热和急性上呼吸道感染——你需要了解的那些事！","","https://yst.tos-cn-shanghai.volces.com/venue/52/00859b05-52a2-4646-a32b-5c228777bb7c.jpg","\u003Ch2>感染性发热和急性上呼吸道感染——你需要了解的那些事！\u003C/h2>\n\n\u003Cp>随着秋冬季节的到来，感染性发热和急性上呼吸道感染成为不少人“躲不过”的健康问题。今天，我们就一起了解一下这两大常见病症，帮助大家提前做足防护，远离疾病的困扰。\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>感染性发热和急性上呼吸道感染经常会一起出现，特别是在老年人群中。虽然听起来有些吓人，但其实大多数情况下，这些疾病通过及时的治疗可以得到有效控制。那么，到底什么是感染性发热和急性上呼吸道感染？它们又是如何影响我们的健康呢？\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Ch3>感染性发热和急性上呼吸道感染——常见病因及影响\u003C/h3>\n\n\u003Cp>感染性发热是指由细菌、病毒等病原体引起的发热反应。特别是在新冠疫情后，轻微的发热也常常会引发人们的担忧。不少文献表明，感染性发热是身体对病原体入侵的一种防御机制。\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>急性上呼吸道感染是由于病毒或细菌引起的上呼吸道黏膜的急性炎症，其原因多种多样，包括流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒及链球菌等。症状通常包括喉咙痛、咳嗽、流鼻涕和全身不适等。\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>老年人由于免疫力下降，更容易遭受这些感染。感染性发热常常伴随急性上呼吸道感染，是人体免疫系统与入侵病原体进行“斗争”的结果。\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Ch3>治疗感染性发热和急性上呼吸道感染\u003C/h3>\n\n\u003Cp>一旦确认感染性发热和急性上呼吸道感染，治疗方案的选择非常重要。布洛芬等解热镇痛药可以帮助减轻症状。值得注意的是，如果有新冠病毒感染的风险，建议及时就医并进行核酸检测。\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>在患者出现上呼吸道感染时，也可以进行中医中药治疗，需要患者及时进行体质辩证。\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(145, 145, 145); font-family: var(--van-base-font); display: inline !important;\">如果患者出现风寒引起的上呼吸道感染，需要进行温中解表治疗，可以使病情得到一定的改善；如果是由于风热引起的上呼吸道感染，需要使用清热解毒类的药物进行治疗，有利于病情的尽快缓解。\u003C/span>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(145, 145, 145); font-family: var(--van-base-font); display: inline !important;\">还可以根据患者的病情，进行推拿、按摩、艾灸等中医治疗。平时患者要多吃营养比较丰富的食物，适当进行体育锻炼，增强抵抗疾病的能力，可以尽量减少疾病的发生。中成药如柴胡、芦根、浙贝母等被广泛应用于缓解相关症状。这些药物在中医药领域被认为具有清热解毒、止咳化痰的功效。然而，药物治疗需在医生指导下进行，切勿自行用药。\u003C/span>\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>对于严重的感染，抗病毒药物（如奈玛特韦片/利托那韦片）可能会被考虑。这类药物可以抑制病毒的复制，帮助身体更快地清除感染源。\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Ch3>预防感染性发热和急性上呼吸道感染\u003C/h3>\n\n\u003Cp>预防感冒和感染性发热最有效的方法之一就是养成良好的卫生习惯，比如勤洗手、保持室内空气清新等。特别是在公共场所，佩戴口罩也能有效减少病原体的传播。\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>强身健体是预防疾病的基础，合理的饮食和规律的作息可以大大增强免疫力。特别是老年人，适当的体育锻炼也是保持健康的重要手段。\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>疫苗接种也是预防的重要手段之一。针对流感病毒的疫苗已被证明可以显著降低患病风险。老年人在接种疫苗后，大大减少了因感染病毒而导致并发症的几率。\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Ch3>未来的医学前瞻与心态调整\u003C/h3>\n\n\u003Cp>随着医学技术的发展，越来越多的新型治疗手段和药物正被研发出来。未来，针对感染性发热和急性上呼吸道感染的治疗将更加精准和有效。\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>面对疾病，保持良好的心态尤为重要。多数感染性发热和急性上呼吸道感染都是可以治愈的，患者应积极配合医生的治疗方案，不要过于焦虑。\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>家属也应给予患者足够的关心和支持。健康的心理环境对疾病的康复有积极的影响。家庭成员可以通过日常的关怀和鼓励，帮助患者更好地面对病情，尽快恢复健康。\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Ch3>引用文献\u003C/h3>\n\u003Col>\n   \u003Cli>Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y. et al. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The Lancet, 395(10223), 507-513.\u003C/li>\n   \u003Cli>Jefferson, T., Jones, M. A., Doshi, P., Spencer, E. A., Onakpoya, I. J., Heneghan, C. J. (2020). Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults and children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (4).\u003C/li>\n   \u003Cli>McCullers, J. A. (2014). The co-pathogenesis of influenza viruses with bacteria in the lung. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 12(4), 252-262.\u003C/li>\n   \u003Cli>Ebell, M. H., Call, M., Shinholser, J., & Gardner, J. (2017). Procalcitonin as a marker for the diagnosis of bacterial infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 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